The Diagnosis & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, edition yechishanu , (DSM-5) yakabudiswa muna 2013 neAmerican Psychiatric Association. Inopa vanachiremba uye vadzidzisi vehutano hwepfungwa nehutano hwekuongorora humwe hutano hwepfungwa, kusanganisira anorexia nervosa.
Dambudziko rekuona Dikare
Iyo yekare yekuongorora tsananguro, DSM-IV (yakabudiswa muna 1994), yakanga yakaoma nekuti vazhinji kana vatatu voga vevarwere vakaonekwa vane chirwere chekudya vakawira mu catchall uye zvakasiyana-siyana zveEating Disorder Pasina Zvimwe Yakatsanangurwa (EDNOS) .
Izvi zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kune vanotsvakurudza uye vanachiremba kuti vawane zvakakwana kutsanangura uye kubata chirwere chevarwere muboka iri.
Kuchinja kune Anorexia mu DSM-5
I-DSM-5 yakabatanidza zvakare maitiro akadai eEating Disorders uye Feeding Disorder muMucheche kana Kubva Muduku uye yakagadzira chikamu chitsva, Kudya nekudya Matambudziko . I-DSM-5 yakaedza kusunungura zvimwe zvezvinotarisirwa uye kuparadzanisa zvikamu zvezvinetso zvakananga kuitira kuti kuderedze nhamba yevarwere muDNOS (yava kunzi OSFED) boka. Maererano nemirairo yeanorexia nervosa, paiva nemamwe matanho makuru eku DSM-5:
- amenorrhea (kurasikirwa kwekuenda kumwedzi) kwakabviswa semuenzaniso. Izvi zvakakosha nekuti inobvumira varume kuti vasangane nemitemo ye anorexia nervosa. Inobvumirawo hurumende kuiswa kwevaduku vashoma vevakadzi vanoramba vachienda kumwedzi pasinei nekurasikirwa kwekurema nekushaiwa kwezvokudya
- iyo yakaderera mutsara wekuyera yakadzokororwa kuti ibvumire kutendeseka nekugadziriswa kwechiremba. Izviwo zvakare kukosha kwekuvandudza nokuti tinoziva kuti anorexia nervosa inogona kuitika kune vanhu vasiri izvo zvingafungidzirwa zvakanatsika zvakaderera kusimba pane BMI chati. Iro inobvumira vatsigiri kuti vafunge nezvemunhu akakurumbira kukura trajectory uye nhoroondo yekurema .
DSM-5 Zvinyorwa zveAnorexia Nervosa
Munhu anofanira kusangana nezvose zvinotarisirwa neDMM kuti aonekwe ne anorexia nervosa:
- Kudzora kwekudya kunotungamirira kukurasikirwa kwemazivi kana kukundikana kuwedzera uremu hunoita "zvakaderera mashoma emuviri" wezvaizofungidzirwa kune imwe munhu, zvepabonde nekukwirira.
- Kutya kuve mafuta kana kuti kuwedzera kuwanda.
- Iva nemafungiro asina kururama pamusoro pavo pachavo uye nezvehupenyu hwavo. Mienzaniso yeiyi inogona kusanganisira munhu anofunga kuti iye anopfuura kuwandisa kana ari kunyanya kuderera, kana kuti achitenda kuti vachawana kuwanda kubva pakudya kamwe chete. Munhu ane anorexia anogonawo kupa zvikonzero kana kuramba kuti kune dambudziko nekuve kuine muviri wepamusoro. Aya mazano anozivikanwa kune vatsigiri se "kuvhiringidza."
Iyo DSM-5 inobvumirawo vashandi kuti vataure zvikamu zviduku zveanorexia nervosa:
- Kurambidza Tsika: Ichi chikamu chinowanzobatanidzwa nemafungiro ezvinyorwa zveanorexia nervosa. Munhu wacho haasi kugara achiita zvekudya.
- Binge-Kudya / Kuchengetedza Mhando: Munhu wacho anogara achiita kudya uye kuzvidzora, kufanana nekuzvitsvaira uye / kana kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kweaxatives kana diuretics. Kudya kudya / kuchenesa subtype kwakafanana nebulimia nervosa ; zvisinei, hapana chiremera-kurasikirwa kwebulimia nervosa. Sezvakaitwa mumashure eDMM, anorexia nervosa "trumps" bulimia nervosa, zvinoreva kuti kana munhu akasangana nemirairo yeanorexia nervosa uye bulimia nervosa iyo anorexia nervosa (binge-kudya / purging type) inowanikwa.
Inobvumirawo vashandi kuti vatsanangure kana munhu wacho ari mukana wokuregererwa kana kuregererwa kwakakwana (kudzorera), uyewo kurondedzera kuoma kwezvino kwechirwere, kubva paBMI.
Kune Vatano Vasingasangana Nezvikonzero zveAnorexia Nervosa
Kune varwere vasina kukwana zvizere zveanorexia nervosa, Other Specified Feeding uye Eating Disorder inogona kuva yakakodzera kuongororwa. Kuonekwa kuti une OSFED kusiyana neanorexia nervosa hazvirevi kuti mumwe haasi kurwara uye haadi rubatsiro. Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti vanhu vanogona kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvekusiyana kwezvinetso zvekudya panguva dzakasiyana sezvo zviratidzo zvinogona kuchinja.
Panewo mutsara wakajeka pakati pehutano uye husingafadzi, asi huzhinji huzhinji hwemukati huri mukati.
Kubatsirwa
Anorexia nervosa inogona kukonzera mimwe miviri yakakomba yehutano . Kudzoka kubva kune anorexia nervosa kunogona kuitika. Kuwana rubatsiro kunotanga kusimbisa mukana wekugadzirisa kwakakwana nekugara kwenguva refu. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ari kutambura kune zvimwe kana kuti zvose zvinotevera, zvinokosha kuti vaone chiremba, chiremba kana chiremba wehutano hwepfungwa nokuda kwekuongorora. Kurapa kweanorexia nervosa kunogona kuitika mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa.
> Sources:
> American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Kuongororwa uye nhamba yehuwandu hwehutano hwepfungwa (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Munyori.
> Vo, Megen, Erin C. Accurso, Andrea B. Goldschmidt, uye Daniel Le Grange. 2017. "The Impact of DSM-5 pakudya Dambudziko Dambudziko Rinoona." International Journal of Eating Disorders 50 (5): 578-81. doi: 10.1002 / kudya.22628.