Dzidza Chokwadi uye Gamuchira Rubatsiro
Kunyange zvazvo pane imwe nguva inofungidzirwa kuva zvirwere zvevakadzi chete, zvinetso zvekudya zvinozivikanwa kuti zvinotambudza vanhu vese vakomana. Dambudziko rekudya rinowanikwa muvarume vemakore ose kubva kuvana kusvika kuvanhu vakwegura.
Vatsvakurudzi vakawanda vanotenda kuti zvinetso zvevarume zvinovadya zvatiri kuona mazuva ano zvinongova chidimbu chechando. Kudya kushungurudzika pakati pevarume vasina kugamuchira kutarira kusvikira munguva pfupi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana siyana zvinosanganisira:
- Kuregererwa kwevarume kubva kutsvakurudzo pamusoro pezvinetso zvekudya
- Kushaikwa kwekuzivikanwa kwekudya zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere nevarume uye nhengo dzemhuri
- Nyaya nezvikoro zvinotungamirira kumusana muduku wekudya chirwere chinowanikwa muvarume
- Stigma inobatanidza nevanhurume vachitsvaka rubatsiro kune zvakanyanya kuonekwa kurwara kwevakadzi
- Kusarudzwa kwevarume nekudya chirwere chinorapwa zvirwere
- Kunyanya kushandiswa kwechikadzi kwekudya chirwere chekurapa nzvimbo (semuenzaniso, pink-uye maruva-anotaridzirwa maruva, hapana mifananidzo yevarume pawebsite uye zvinhu zvekutengesa)
- Kudya zvinetso zvinounza nezviratidzo zvakasiyana kune varume kunze kwevakadzi
- Kunyatsoziva kukanganisa kwevarume kudya zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekudya kwezvirwere kuongorora zvirongwa
Nhoroondo
Kudya kushungurudzika kwevarume kwakatanga kuonekwa muna 1689, apo chiremba weChirungu Richard Morton akatsanangura maitiro maviri e "kutya kunoshandiswa," mune mumwe murwere murume. Muna 1874, Ernest Charles Lasegue naSir William Gull vakaita mimwe mienzaniso yevarume vane anorexia nervosa.
Mushure mezviitiko izvi zvakakosha kare, varume vane zvinetso zvekudya vaisarudzwa, vakaonekwa se "vashoma," uye vakakanganwa kusvika muna 1972 apo Peter Beaumont nevamwe vaaishanda navo vakadzidza anorexia nervosa munyaya dzevarume. Kusvikira munguva pfupi ichangopfuura, varume vakadzingwa kubva kune dzakawanda zvezvidzidzo zvekurapa izvo zvakatungamirira pakuvandudzirwa kwekuongororwa kwepamusoro uye kurapa kwezvinetso zvekudya.
Pasina 1 muzana yezvose zvinodhaka chirwere chekutsvakurudza chinonyanya kutaura nezvevarume.
Nemhaka yeizvi, kushungurudzwa kwekudya kwave kuri kuonekwa kuburikidza nekrisheni yevakadzi. Pasi Pakuziva uye Statistical Manual ye Mental Disorders-IV-TR (iripo kusvika muna 2013) , chimwe chinhu chinokosha chinofanirwa kuongororwa kweanorexia chaiva chechirwere -kurasikirwa kwekuenda kumwedzi. Varume vaiva physologically vasingakwanisi kukwanisa kuongororwa kweanorexia nervosa. Fungidzira izvozvo - asingakwanisi kuonekwa nokuda kwechimiro chematokoni chisingaiti!
Kuwanda
Kunyanya kukurukurwa-inotsvakurudzwa kunofungidzira kuti varume vanopararira upenyu hwehupenyu hwe 0.3 muzana ye anorexia nervosa , 0.5 muzana yebulimia nervosa , uye 2.0 muzana yekubata chinetso chekudya .
Nhamba yehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwevarume husingazivikanwi. Nhamba dzekare dzinotora 10 muzana, asi dzakasununguka zvevarume vane zvinetso zvekudya kuti vabvumire kuti vane dambudziko uye kusakwanisa kwekutsvakurudza kutora dambudziko rekudya kwevarume, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofunga kuti dzakakwirira. Mamwe maonero ekupedzisira anoti chero kupi zvako kubva pamakumi maviri kusvika 25 muzana yehuwandu hwevanhu vane zvinetso zvekudya ndevarume. Sangano reNational for Men and Disorders Eating rinotsanangura kuti 25 kusvika ku40 muzana yevanhu vane dambudziko rose rekudya ndevarume.
Pakati pekudya chirwere chekuongorora chirwere, varume vanonyanya kuratidzwa muhutano hwehutano hwekudya uye Kudzivisa Zvisungo Zvokudya Zvokudya Dambudziko (ARFID) . Zvinotaridzika zvinoratidza kuti inenge makumi mana kubva muzana yevanhu ivavo vari kurwisana nekudhakwa kwepfungwa chirwere varume. Mune kumwe kuongorora kwevana muchechi gastroenterology network 67 kubva muzana yeavo vakawanikwa vane ARFID vaiva varume.
Zviratidzo
Kune dzimwe misiyano huru pakati pevarume nevakadzikadzi vanoratidzirwa zvirwere. Vanhurume vane zvinetso zvekudya vanowanzove vakwegura, vane matambudziko makuru emamwe matambudziko epfungwa (zvakadai sokuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, uye kushandisa zvinhu), uye vanobatanidzwa mukuzvipira kune kuzvikadzi kune zvinetso zvekudya.
Vanhurume vane zvinetso zvekudya vanewo huwandu hwakanyanya hwekunge uchingopfuura uwandisa. Varume havawanzoita zvekuita maitiro ekuchenesa uye vanowanzoshandisa shanduro yekuita basa semhosva yekugadzirisa . Pakupedzisira, nekuda kwekushorwa, varume vanonyanya kutsvaga kurapwa . Pavanenge vachiita, kazhinji kacho mushure mekurwara kwenguva refu uye vangave vachirwara uye vanowedzera mumatambudziko avo.
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanofungidzira kuti kunyanya kukurukurirana kwezvinetso zvekudya muvarume kuora mwoyo-kunotarisa kusagadzikana kudya kana musimba dysmorphia, pakutanga kunonzi reverse anorexia uye dzimwe nguva kunonzi bigorexia . Tsvina dysmorphia ikozvino inyanzvi inoshandiswa sechimiro chemuviri dysmorphia, iyo pachayo inorudzi rwekuvhara-kusagadzikana kwepfungwa.
Mumuviri dysmorphia, mutumbi wenyama unoda hauna kupera sezvatinoona munharaunda yevakadzi anorexia, asi yakakura uye yakawanda. Izvi zvinowirirana nemafambisirwo emagariro evanhu evanhu vakakodzera mumuviri. Chiratidzo chepfungwa chemusumbu dysmorphia ndechokutya kusava muscular zvakakwana. Maitiro ekufananidzira anowanzobatanidza anowanzobatanidza kuita zvekudzidzira, kusagadzikana kudya kunoratidzwa neproteine supplementation uye kurambidza kudya, uye kushandiswa kwekuwedzera uye kushandiswa kwekushandisa zvinodhaka kana steroid. Inogonawo kusanganisira zvikamu zvakasiyana uye zvakasiyana-siyana apo vanhu vanopera pakati pekudya kutanga kuti vawedzere maronda uye zvino kuderedza mafuta emuviri.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaonawo "kubiridzira," yakarongeka kudya kwekoriyori yakakwirira, mubasa reiyo inoita muscular. Sezvo nemafambisirwo anoonekwa mune zvinowanzoitwa nevakadzikadzi zvinetso zvekudya, maitiro aya anotakurawo ngozi dzakawanda dzeutano. Zvisinei, vanowanzobhururuka pasi peparadha sezvavanowanzoonekwa kuti vane maitiro akanaka. Chimwe chidzidzo chakaratidza kuti vazhinji vanoita 53 muzana yekumanikidzana vavaki vomuviri vanogona kunge vane musero dysmorphia.
Zvekuita zvepabonde
Nhema ndeyekuti varume vakawanda vane zvinetso zvekudya vane gay. Chimwe chidzidzo chinowanzotaurwa pamusoro pegore ra2007 chakaratidza huwandu hwevamwe varume vanoita zvepabonde kupfuura hutano hwemurume pamwe nehutano hweanorexia nervosa. Kubva pane zvidzidzo izvi, zvave zvichiwanzofungidzirwa kuti chirwere chemurume ane chirwere chekudya chinowanzova gayari.
Nepo kune zvingangodaro zvinetso zvekudya mumharaunda yevarume, varume vakawanda vane zvinetso zvekudya vane hutano hwepabonde. Chimwe chidzidzo chakawana hukama hushoma pakati pehutano hwepabonde uye chiitiko chekutambudzika kwekudya. Pane kudaro, vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuwirirana pakati pehutano hwevanhukadzi uye zvirwere zvekudya: vanhu avo vakazviona nevakadzi vakawanda zvevakadzi vaifarira kuva nehutano hwepanyama, asi avo vaiona nehuwandu hwevarume vaitenderera kuhutano hwehutano.
Kuongorora
Zvose zvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuongorora zvinowanzoshandiswa kuongorora zvinetso zvekudya zvakagadzirirwa kushandiswa nevakadzi. Somugumisiro, vangave vasina kukwanisa kunyatsoziva chirwere chekudya mune mukomana. Somuenzaniso, Eating Disorders Inventory inosanganisira chinhu, "Ndinofunga kuti mahudyu angu akawandisa." Ichi chinhu hachibvumirwi kubvumidzwa nevarume nokuti hachiratidzi zvinetso zvemuviri wavo.
Chirwere chekudya kuongororwa kwevarume, chevarume-chaivo chekuongorora, (EDAM), iri pasi pekugadzirwa. Chimwe chinhu chinowirirana neEEDI chinhu chiri pamusoro apa chingatora mhando yekuti, "Ndinotarisa muviri wangu kangani pazuva nokuda kwehutachiona," - humwe hunoenderana nehutano hwemurume. Iko kuwanikwa kwezvishandiso zvitsva zvakadai seEEDAM kunofanira kubatsira vamwe varume kuti vawane zvakakodzera kutsvaga.
Kurapa
Ikozvino haipo mazvirwere zvakananga zvekudya kwevanhu muvarume. Apo varume vari kuiswa mune zvidzidzo, vanoita sevanopindura zvakanaka kune mishonga imwechete iyo yakabudirira kuvasikana vane zvinetso zvekudya, kunyanya kugadzirisa maitiro ekurapa kwevakuru uye mhuri-based treatment (FBT) yevechiri kuyaruka uye vechidiki vechidiki. FBT yakashandiswawo nekubudirira kune vechidiki vane musikana dysmorphia. Kurapa kwakadaro kunogona kuisa pfungwa pamusoro pekudzivirira kukanganisa uye kudzivirira kudya kweprotini yakawandisa kudarika kuwedzera kuwanda.
Kurapa kwevarwere vevarume kunofanira kutarisa kushorwa kwekuonekwa kune izvo zvinowanzozivikanwa sechirwere chevakadzi. Kurapa nevarume vanowanzotarisa zvakanyanya pakurongedza basa, iro rinowanzova chiratidzo chekutanga chekupa uye chekupedzisira kubvisa.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunofarira ndeye mukomana ane chirwere chekudya, usanonoka kutsvaka rubatsiro. Apo kutsvaka rubatsiro kunogona kuonekwa kunotyisa, iyo inokosha inotangira danho mukukunda chirwere chinogona kurapwa. Iko kune masangano ehutano, seNational Association for Men With Eating Disorders uye Varume Kuwana Matambudziko Ezvokudya, izvo zvinogona kubatsira.
> Sources:
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