Mhedziso Yfupi
Wati wambonzwa here mutsara, "Vatungamiriri vakuru vanozvarwa, vasina kuitwa"? Izvi zvinongoratidzira mumiriri wezvinyorwa wehutano hwevanhu vakuru hwehutungamiri, izvo zvinoratidza kuti simba reutungamiri rakaberekerwa. Maererano nedzidziso iyi, iwe unenge uri mutungamiri akazvarwa akazvarwa kana iwe hausi.
Izwi rokuti "Munhu Mukuru" raishandiswa nekuti, panguva iyoyo, hutungamiri hwaifungidzirwa zvikuru sehutano hwemurume, kunyanya maererano neutungamiri wemauto.
Nhoroondo yeGreat Man Theory of Leadership
Nhoroondo huru yehutungamiri yakakurumbira munguva yezana remakore rechi19. Nhema dzevamwe vatungamiri vakakurumbira venyika dzakadai saAbraham Lincoln, Julius Caesar, Mahatma Gandhi naAlexander Mukuru vakabatsira kupa pfungwa yokuti vatungamiriri vakuru vanozvarwa uye havana kuitwa. Mune mienzaniso yakawanda, zvinoratidzika sekuti munhu akakodzera nokuda kwebasa anoita seanowanzoita zvemashiripiti kuti atore mamiriro ezvinhu uye kutungamirira boka revanhu mukuchengeteka kana kubudirira.
Munyori wenhau dzakaitika Thomas Carlyle akange anewo simba guru padzidziso iyi yehutungamiri, pane imwe nguva inotaura kuti, "Nhoroondo yepasi ndeyekuti hupenyu hwevarume vakuru." Maererano naCarlyle, vatungamiri vanobudirira ndivo vane zvipo zvekufuridzirwa naMwari uye maitiro akanaka.
Zvimwe zvekutsvakurudza kwokutanga pamusoro pehutungamiri zvakatarisa vanhu vakange vatova kubudirira vatungamiri. Vanhu ava vaiwanzobatanidza vatongi vakuru vaiwana nzvimbo yavo kuburikidza nekodzero yekuzvarwa.
Nokuti vanhu vehuwandu hwemagariro evanhu vaiva nemikana shoma yekuita uye yekuita mabasa ekutungamira, zvakagadzirisa pfungwa yokuti hutungamiri hune simba rehupenyu.
Kunyange nanhasi, vanhu vanowanzotsanangura vatungamiri vakakurumbira sevane unhu hwakanaka kana unhu hwemamiriro ezvinhu, zvinoreva kuti maitiro chaiwo ndizvo zvinoita kuti vanhu ava vave vatungamiriri vanobudirira.
Zvinopesana neMunhu Mukuru Dzidziso yeUtungamiri
Nyanzvi yezvematongerwo enyika Herbert Spencer akaratidza kuti vatungamiri vaiva michina yevanhu vaigara. MuChinyorwa cheScience , Spencer akanyora kuti, "Unofanira kubvuma kuti maitiro evanhu vakuru anoenderana nehutano hwakareba hwezvinhu zvakakomba zvakakonzera kukwikwidza kwaanoonekwa, uye hupfumi huri muhutano iwoyo wakakurumidza kukura. ... Asati agone kubvisa chikwata chake, sangano rake rinofanira kumuita. "
Imwe yezvinetso zvakakosha nekodzero huru yehutungamiri ndeyekuti havasi vanhu vose vane mazita ehutungamiri hwehutungamiri hwechokwadi vanova vatungamiriri vakuru. Kana hutungamiri hwakanga huri hutano hwakaberekwa, ipapo vanhu vose vane vane unhu hunodiwa vanozozviwana ivo mumabasa ekutungamirira. Kutsvakurudza kwave kuchiwana kuti hutungamiri ishoko rinoshamisa rakaoma uye kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kubudirira kweumwe mutungamiri anogona kana kuti. Zviratidzo zveboka, mutungamiri musimba uye mamiriro ose anobatana kuti aone kuti hupi hutungamiri hunodiwa uye kubudirira kwehutungamiri.
Sources:
Carlyle, T. (1888). PaHerodhe, Hero-Kunamata neHerikisi muNhoroondo, Fredrick A. Stokes & Brother, New York.
Hirsch, ED (2002). The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy (Yokutanga Kwechitatu). Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
Spencer, H. (1896). The Study of Sociology, Appleton, New York.
Straker, D. Great Man Theory. Kuchinja Mifungo. http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/theories/great_man_theory.htm.