Nhau dzepfungwa ndeyekudzidza kwokuti maitiro epfungwa anokanganisa sei zvemitambo, mitambo, maitiro, uye kuita basa. Mimwe mitambo yepfungwa dzepfungwa inoshanda nevatambi vezvenyanzvi uye vadzidzisi kuti vanatsiridze kushanda uye kuwedzera kukurudzira. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoshandisa maitiro uye mitambo kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwehupenyu uye hupenyu hupenyu muhupenyu hwose.
Nyanzvi dzezvemitambo dzepfungwa dzepfungwa dzinowanzobatsira vatambi kukunda kutsungirira kukuru kunouya kubva kumakwikwi uye kukunda matambudziko nekutarisa nekukurudzira. Vanoshandawo nevatambi kuti vavandudze kushanda uye vadzoke kubva mukukuvara. Asi mitambo yepfungwa dzepfungwa haisi kungoshanda nevashamwaridhi vakuru nevashamisi. Vanobatsirawo vanhu nguva dzose kudzidza maitiro ekufadzwa nemitambo uye vakadzidza kubatisisa purogiramu yekurovedza muviri.
Nhoroondo yeMutambo Psychology
Shanduko yepabonde chirango chechidiki mukati mepfungwa. Muna 1920, Carl Diem ndiye akatanga nhepfenyuro yekutanga yemitambo yepanhau yeDesutsche Sporthochschule muBerlin, Germany. Muna 1925, mamwe maviri emitambo yemasikirwo emasvomhu akaiswa - imwe naA AZ Puni paIsi Institute of Physical Culture muLeningrad uye imwe naCleman Griffith paYunivhesiti yeIllinois.
Griffith akatanga kupa hurukuro yokutanga mumitambo yepfungwa muna 1923, uye gare gare akabudisa bhuku rokutanga pamusoro pehurukuro yainzi The Psychology of Coaching (1926).
Zvinosuruvarisa, bhizi raGriffith rakavharwa muna 1932 nekuda kwekushaya mari. Mushure mokunge mabhiji avharwa, pakanga pasina tsvakurudzo shoma panyaya dzepfungwa zvepamusoro kusvikira nyaya yacho iine rumutsiriro rwekufarira muma1960.
Ferruccio Antonelli akasimbisa International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP) muna 1965 uye nemakore ekuma 1970 masayendisiti emitambo akanga ataurwa kuyunivhesiti dzidzo zvipiriso muNorth America yose.
Nyaya yekutanga yezvidzidzo, International Journal of Sport Psychology , yakatangwa muna 1970, iyo yakabva yakateverwa nekugadzwa kwe Journal of Sport Psychology muna 1979.
Pakazosvika makore makumi mapfumbamwe nemasere, masayendisiti ezvemitambo akava nyaya yekunyanya kutsvaga kwesayenzi sezvo vatsvakurudzi vakatanga kutsvaga kuti maitiro epfungwa angashandiswa sei pakuvandudza mitambo, uyewo kuti basa rekushandisa rinogona sei kushandiswa pakuvandudza hutano hwepfungwa nekuderedza kushungurudzika.
Sports Psychology Nhasi
Nemazuva emitambo yepfungwa inguva yakasiyana-siyana. Kunyange zvazvo kuwana nzira dzekubatsira vatambi ndeyechokwadi chikamu chinokosha chemitambo yepfungwa, kushandiswa kwekurovedza muviri uye kuita zvekuita kwekunatsiridza hupenyu hwevasati vadzimwi uyewo chinangwa chikuru.
Nheyo Dzakakurumbira Mumutambo Psychology
Kune zviitiko zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonyanya kufarira masayendisiti ezvepfungwa. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotarisa pane imwe nzvimbo, asi vamwe vanodzidza nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzehutano.
- Mifananidzo: Inosanganisira kutarisa kuita basa, zvakadai sekuita muchiitiko chemitambo kana kubudirira kuita imwe nyanzvi.
- Kukurudzira: Nyaya huru mune zvemitambo yepfungwa, kudzidza kwekukurudzira kunotarisa zvose zvakasununguka uye zvinokonzera vanotungamira . Extrinsic vatungamiri vari mubairo wekunze, zvakadai se trophies, mari, medals kana kubvumirana kwevanhu. Vanokurudzira vanobva mukati vanobva mukati, zvakadai sechido choga chokunakunda kana pfungwa yekudada inobva pakuita unyanzvi.
- Kufungisisa Kwakanyanyisa : Kunosanganisira kukwanisa kugadzirisa zvipingamupinyi, zvakadai seboka revanhu vanodanidzira, uye vanoisa pfungwa pane basa riripo.
Careers mu Sports Psychology
Kuve mune zvemitambo yepfungwa ingangodaro kusarudza basa rinofadza kune vadzidzi vazhinji vepfungwa, kunyanya avo vane chido chakasimba mumitambo uye kuita basa. Sangano reAmerican Psychological Association rinotsanangura nezvemasvomhu emitambo se "basa rinotyisa," richireva kuti avo vanoshanda mumayunivhesiti emitambo yezvemitambo vanowana madhora madhora 60 000 kusvika ku $ 80,000 pagore. Kana iwe uchifarira basa iri, dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvidzidzo zvedzidzo, basa rebasa, misha mizhinji nezvimwe zvinotarisirwa muhuwandu hwemabasa mune zvemitambo yepfungwa .
References
American Psychological Association. (nd). Masayendisiti ezvesayenzi anobatsira vhizimisi uye vateereri vemitambo. Psychology Help Center. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/sport-psychologists.aspx.
Voelker, R. (2012). Basa rinopisa: Sports psychology. GradPSYCH Magazine. Yakadzorerwa kubva ku http://www.apa.org/gradpsych/2012/11/sport-psychology.aspx.