Ko izvo zvaunoita nokuda kwehupenyu zvine simba pane unhu hwako hwepfungwa uye acumen sezvaunenge uchikwegura? Maererano nemigumisiro yeimwe chidzidzo, basa rinobatanidza humwe hutano hwakaoma hunogona kubatsira kudzivirira huropi hwako kubva pakusagadzikana kwepfungwa paunenge uine makore. Vanhu vane mabasa anonyanya kuongororwa nemafungiro akadai sechiremba, masayendisiti, vanyanzvi vezvigadzirwa zvehurumende, uye vanogadzira mifananidzo vanogona kunge vari nani kukuyeuka munguva yekare, chidzidzo chakaratidza.
Zvikonzero Zvinokurudzira "Cognitive Reserve" Yako
Kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvevanhu izvo zvinogona kuita kuti dzichengetedze pfungwa dzavo sezvavanenge vachikura. Zvinhu zvakadai sokuwana nguva yekurovedza muviri , kuwana zvinhu zvitsva , nekuwana huwandu hwekukurukurirana kwevanhu vose zvakabatanidzwa nehutano hwakanaka hwekugadzirisa hupenyu huri mberi.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti kune humwe hupenyu hunokurudzira uye hupenyu hunosanganisira, kusanganisira kusarudzwa kwemabasa, hunobatanidzwa nehuwandu hwekufunga kwehupenyu muupenyu hwekupedzisira. Nzira chaiyo dziri shure kwechikonzero ichi chekudzivirira hachina kunzwisiswa. Vamwe vanoti kukurudzirwa kwepfungwa kwakadaro kunobatsira kuvaka izvo zvinonzi "kuziva kwekufunga" izvo zvino zvinobatsira kuchengetedza uropi kubva pamagumisiro ekukwegura uye zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere.
Vamwe vanotaura kuti izvochete izvo zvakagara zviripo zvinoita kuti vanhu vave nemabasa ekufungidzira akadaro ndezvimwechete zvinodzivirira huropi kubva pakuparara kwenguva nekukwegura.
Chidzidzo Chinokurudzira Mabasa Akakomba Kudzivirira Maitiro Akwegura
Maererano nekumwe kutsvakurudza kwakabudiswa mumagazini yeNeurology , basa rinoita kuti zvive nyore kunzwisisa vanhu vose uye data inobatanidza nekunzwisisa kugadzirisa kushanda pazera remakore makumi manomwe. Izvi zvinowanzoitika, vatsvakurudzi vanoratidza, zvinogona kureva kudzivirira kweuropi nekuda kwekupinda mupfungwa basa rakaoma.
Vatori vechikamu muchidzidzo chacho vaiva boka revanhu 1 066 avo vari chikamu cheLothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936), kudzidza kwenguva refu pamusoro pekukwegura. Vose vatori vechikamu vakazvarwa mugore ra1936 uye vazhinji vakapinda muScottish Mental Survey, muedzo wekuchenjera wakapiwa vane makore 11 muna 1947.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaronga basa nekugadzikana kwavo munzvimbo nhatu dzakasiyana: vanhu, deta, uye zvinhu.
- Mabasa ane hutano hwakawanda nevanhu aisanganisira mabasa akadai sachiremba, vashandi vezvemagariro evanhu, gweta, uye muongorori wekuongororwa. Basa rakaderera mukudzvinyirira nevanhu raisanganisira chigadziko chine mufananidzo.
- Basa rakakura mumatambudziko ne data rakasanganisira mabasa akadai semimhanzi, injini yehurumende, uye mugadziri. Basa rakaderera mune deta rakaoma rakaisanganisira mabasa akadai semotyairi webhasi uye foni.
- Basa rakakura mumatambudziko nezvinhu zvakabatanidza mabasa akadai semuiti wezviridzwa kana unyanzvi wemashini, asi mabasa akaderera munharaunda iyi aisanganisira muongorori wekuongororwa uye mubhengi.
Vatsvakurudzi vakazounganidza ruzivo pamusoro pemakore makumi manomwe-vekare vatori vechikamu 'mabasa epakutanga nemakore ekudzidza. Vakatorawo vakapiwa bheteri yekuongororwa kwepfungwa kunosanganisira zviyero zvekuyeuka, kushandiswa kwekukurumidza, uye kukwanisa kugona kunzwisisa (kana "g" chikonzero) .
Mabasa Akanakisisa? Izvo Zvinobatanidza Kuoma Nevanhu uye Data
Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti avo vainge vaita mabasa vaive vakakwirira pakusangana kwevanhu nevanhu kana dhiyabhorosi yakaitwa zviri nani pane kuongororwa kwepfungwa kune avo vasaimbova mabasa vakakwirira kumusoro mukuoma kunzwisisa nezvinhu. Vatsvakurudzi vakaonawo kuti avo vaibata mabasa akaoma zvikuru nevanhu, dhenda kana zvinhu zvakaita zvakanakisisa kune dzose dzeruzivo rwemashoko akaongororwa.
Izvi zvakava zvishoma zvishoma apo vatsva vakaitwa muvadzidzi veIQ scores pazera remakore gumi nemana, chiratidzo chekuti vakangwara vaifanira kutanga sei.
Maererano nekutsvakurudza, huchenjeri hwekutanga hwakanga huri hukuru hwehutano huri nemakore makumi manomwe, huchienzanisa ne50% zvekusiyana. Basa, vanoedza vanofunga, vanobatsira kuchengeta nekusimbisa mararamiro emagetsi, kuwedzera kune "kugadziriswa kwekuchengetedza" kunochengetedza uye kuchengetedza mano evanhu sezvo vanhu vachikura.
"Kunyange zvazvo ichokwadi kuti vanhu vane ruzivo rwakanyanya rwekuziva nezvemagariro vane mikana yekuwana mabasa akaoma pane izvo zvinoratidzika seine pfuma shoma inowanikwa kubva kune iyo yakaoma mabasa kuitira unyanzvi hukuru hwokufunga," akatsanangura Dr. Allan Gow weYunivhesiti yeEdinburgh uye imwe yevanyori vanyori vekudzidza.
Asi munyori akacherechedza, zvisinei, kuti kugoverana kwavo kwebasa kunobva mukuoma kunzwisisa kwakavakirwa kubva munharaunda yekuongorora yenyika iyo inogona kunge isina kuratidza zvakajeka kukanganisa kwakasiyana kwebasa reumwe neumwe. Kuzvidavirira kwehutano huripo, vatsvakurudzi vakaratidza, inogona kunge yakashandiswa pakuongorora. Chidzidzo chacho chakakundikana kutarisa kuti vanhu vakatora nguva yakareba sei mabasa avo ekare uye kuti nguva yakawanda yakashanda sei mubasa rakaoma inogona kukanganisa mano ehupenyu hweramangwana.
Mifungo Yokupedzisira
Kunzwisisa zvinhu zvinokonzera kukwegura kunokosha, kunyanya sezvo vatsvakurudzi vanoedza kuwana zvikonzero zvinokonzera kuparara kwechirwere uye zvirwere apo vanhu vanokura. Basa iro vanhu vanoita rinoumba chikamu chakakura chehupenyu hwevanhu vakuru, saka zvinomiririra kuti mabasa angaita basa rinogara muhutano hwepfungwa nekuziva kwekuziva. Nokuwana kunzwisisa kwakadzika kwebasa iro zvinhu zvinogona kutamba, nyanzvi dzinotarisira kuti dzichakwanisa kupa mazano akanaka pamusoro pekudzivirira kukanganisa kwepfungwa.
References
University of Edinburgh. (2014). Basa rakaoma rinogona kudzivirira huropi, kudzidza kunotaura. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://www.ed.ac.uk/medicine-vet-medicine/news-events/news-archive/news-2014/jobs-201114.
Park, A. (2014, Nov. 20). Neiko basa rakakomba richidzivirira ubhembera huri nani. Nguva. Yakadzorerwa kubva ku http://time.com/3595997/complex-jobs-mental-cognition/.
Smart, E. L, Gow, AJ, & Deary, IJ (2014). Occupational complexity uye hupenyu hwehupenyu hunyanzvi hwekuziva. Neurology, DOI 10.1212 / WNL.0000000000001075.