Ndeupi musiyano pakati peGeneral and Specific Social Anxiety
Mhando dzehutano hwemagariro evanhu (SAD) dzinozivikanwa nehutano hwemagariro evanhu dzakashandura kupfuura kwenguva. Munguva yakapfuura, maitiro maviri ehutano hwehutano hwemagariro evanhu akaonekwa, ayo akasiyana maererano nezviratidzo zvavo: sAD generalized uye SAD chaiyo.
Kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga (SAD) munharaunda yose kunosanganisira kutya kwekunamatira uye kushanda mamiriro ezvinhu umo vamwe vangakutongai zvisina kunaka.
Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chacho vanozvifunga zvakanyanya, uye vanogona kunge vane zviratidzo zvepanyama zvakadai sokunyunyutika, kuzununguswa, kana kuora mwoyo pavanenge vachikomba vanhu kana kuita.
Zvisinei, ikozvino Kurapa uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM-5) hazvizivikanisa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekushungurudzika kwevanhu mumagariro nenzira yakangofanana neshanduro yapfuura (DSM-IV).
Generalized Social Anxiety Disorder
Pamberi peDMM-V, avo vane hutano hwemagariro evanhu vakatsanangurwa sevanotya pamusoro pemagariro evanhu uye maitiro, kusanganisira zvinotevera:
- achitaura nemasimba masimba
- kuenda pamazuva
- kutanga kukurukurirana
- kana kupa hurukuro
Vanhu vane hutano hwemagariro evanhu vaifungidzirwa kuti havanzwisisiki kune avo vose asi vedzimba dzavo dzepedyo. SAD yakawanda yaifungidzirwa kuva yakanyanya kuipa kwechirwere uye kazhinji yaifambidzana nekudarika kukuru kwezuva nezuva.
Kunyanya Kushungurudzika Kwevanhu Munhamo
Pamberi peDMM-V, kunyanya kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga kwakatsanangurwa sekutya nekutya kunobatanidza nemashoma emagariro evanhu panzvimbo pezhinji kana zvose. Somuenzaniso, munhu angave achitya kutaura kwevanhu asi anofanirana kuwirirana pamutambo. Iyi miitiro yekushungurudzika kwevanhu mumhuri yakanga ichiri kufunga kuti inokuvadza zvikuru, sezvo inogona kuderedza vanhu kuti vafarire hupenyu zvizere, vasangane neshamwari, kana kuti kubudirira mune basa.
DSM-5 Tsanangudzo
Nekusunungurwa kweDSM-5, maitiro ehuwandu uye ehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu hwakanga husisati hwazivikanwa. Pane kudaro, "kushanda chete" tsanangudzo kunogona kuwedzerwa kune kuongororwa kweSAD. Nenzira iyi, zvinoratidzika kuti kune zvimwe zvikamu zvehutano hwehurombo hwehutano (SAD) sekunge pane zvakaitika kare; zvisinei, nzira iyo chiremba wako anoita kuti aongororwe anoita kuti aone zvakasiyana pane yeDMM-5.
Chikonzero chakapiwa neAmerica Psychiatric Association (APA), muparidzi weDMM-5, nokuda kwekuparadzanisa rudzi rwevanhu vose, ndiko kuti zvakanga zvakaoma kuvanachiremba kuti vaone chirevo, "kutya kunosanganisira zvizhinji zvevanhu." Zvisinei, APA yakabvuma kuti vanhu vanongotya maitiro emamiriro ezvinhu vanoita kunge vakasiyana nevaya vane SAD yakawanda, maererano nezera rakaita sei pavanotanga kushungurudzika, chii chinoratidza zviratidzo zvekuzvidya mwoyo zvavanoona, uye kuti vanoita sei kurapwa.
Kurapa Kwemagariro Evanhu
Pasinei nokuti iwe wakamboita zvekare kana kuti zvinokonzera kushungurudzika kwevanhu, zvirwere zvinoshanda zvinowanikwa. Kuchengetedza-behavioral therapy (CBT), chimiro chepfungwa yehupfungwa chinotarisana nematambudziko aripo uye kuratidza mafungiro akaipa, anogona kubatsira zvikuru.
Kuburikidza neBBCT, uchadzidza mazano nemaitiro ekukubatsira kutsungirira mamiriro akasiyana. Mushure mekunge vanyora kugadzirisa maitiro ehutano hwehutano, vanhu vazhinji vane hanya vanoti ivo vakachinja hupenyu hwavo uye vakazarura mikova yavo; vanogona kuita zvinhu zvavasina kumbofunga kuti vanogona, sekufamba kana kuita pamberi pevamwe.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyanya kune avo vane hutano hwakawanda hwemagariro evanhu munzanga, chiremba wenyu anogona kukurudzira kuti uedze mishonga. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kubvisa pfungwa dzako nekudzivisa kuzvidzora-kutaura, kukubvumira kuisa pfungwa pane zverapi uye wotanga kufambira mberi.
Kutsvaga Murape weHuzhinji Hwevanhu
Tsvaga muongorori anonyanya kusangana nezvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo.
Pasina mamiriro ezvinhu mumamiriro aya, mushonga wako angasave akanyatsonzwisisa zviratidzo zvako kana kuti kuderedza kana kuti nyore nyore kubvisa zvaunonzwa. Mupi wehutano wehutano uyo anonzwisisa kusangana nehutano hwehutano uye kugadzirisa hutano hwehutano huchashanda newe kuti uite mazano anoshanda ekugadzirisa chirwere.
Shoko Rinobva
Zvakakosha kunzwisisa rudzi rwekushungurudzika kwehutano chirwere chinowanikwa iwe wakapiwa. Shanda nachiremba wako kana unyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pekuongorora kwako uye zvinorevei maererano nemashoko ekurapa kwako uye kufungidzira. Kana kuongororwa kwako kunosanganisira "kushanda chete" tsanangudzo, kurapa kwakakonzerwa nehutano hunoitika hunoita kuti iwe unetseke.
> Sources:
> Dalrymple K, D'Avanzato C. Kusiyanisa zvikamu zvehutano hwehutano hwevanhu. Nyanzvi Rev Neurother . 2013; 13 (11): 1271-1283.
> Heimberg RG, Hofmann SG, Liebowitz MR, et al. Kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga mune DSM-5. Deredza Kushushikana . 2014; 31 (6): 472-479.
National Institute of Mental Health. Kuzvidya Mwoyo Matambudziko.
University of Pennsylvania Department of Psychiatry. Kufunganya Kwemagariro evanhu.
Psych Central. DSM-5 Kuchinja: Kuzvidya Mwoyo uye Phobias.