Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) chirwere chepfungwa chinokanganisa 1% - 2% yevanhu. Kunyange zvazvo munhu anokwanisa kukura OCD pane imwe nguva, muvhareji wezera hwekutanga kune makore 19.5, uye 25% yevanhu vanovandudza zviratidzo nemakore gumi nemashanu. Kunyange zvazvo varume vanoratidzira kuratidza zviratidzo kakawanda muhuduku, vakadzi vanowanzovhiringidzika pamamwe mazinga akakwirira nevakuru.
Zvimwe pakati pe "Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders" muDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5 ), zvirongwa zvekuongorora zvinosanganisira:
- Kuvapo kwekunyengera, kumanikidza, kana zvose
- Kutarira kunotsanangurwa se:
- Kucherechedza kunotsanangurwa nezvakaitika nguva dzose, zvinoramba zvichiramba, zvisingabviri, pfungwa dzisina kufanira, mifananidzo, kana kukumbira kunokonzera kushushikana kana kushushikana
- Kuedza kusazvidza kana kudzivisa kukanganisa kwakadaro kana kuvadzivisa kuburikidza nekuita kumanikidza
- Makambani anotsanangurwa se:
- Kudzokorora maitiro kana mafungiro evanhu munhu anoshandiswa kuti aite pakupindura kwekunyengera kana kuti maererano nemitemo yakasimba
- Maitiro kana maitiro epfungwa anofanirwa kuderedza kushushikana kana kushushikana, kana kudzivirira kutarisana kwekutya; zvisinei, zviri pachena zvakanyanya kana kuti hazvina kubatanidzwa nenzira chaiyo yezvavari kutarisirwa kuita
- Kuvhiringidzika kana kukamanikidzwa kunopedza nguva (semuenzaniso, tora nguva inopfuura 1 awa pazuva) kana kukonzera kutambudzika kukuru kana kuora mwoyo mukushanda kwezuva nezuva
- Zviratidzo hazvisi nani zvinoratidzirwa nehutano hwehupenyu hwechirwere, chirwere chehutano, kana zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa
- Zvinonzwisisika kuti vanhu vangave vakanaka / vakanaka kana kuti vasina njere kunzwisisa kwokunzwisisa kwezviratidzo zvavo. Kana kuve nenjere isina njere, zviratidzo zvomunhu wacho zvinogona kuonekwa zvisina kunaka mumasikirwo. Zvinowanikwa zvakare kuti zviratidzo zvingangodaro zvine chokuita nehupenyu , kana murwere ane nhoroondo yechirwere chechi.
- Kutarira kunotsanangurwa se:
Kusiyana nekusawirirana kusanzwisisiki mumitambo yep pop, kuvharirwa hakusi kunakidza; kuva "kushungurudzika" nechimwe chinhu kana mumwe munhu hachisi icho chiri kuitika kana munhu achifunga zvakawanda pamusoro pechinhu chavanoda uye kubva kwavanowana kufara. Kucherechedza, mupfungwa yekliniki, inopesana nezvisikwa.
Izvo zviitiko zvemukati zvinowanzoitika, zvisingadiwi, uye zvinonzwa sekunge zviri kunze kwekutonga kwomunhu. Zvinokonzera kusuruvara kwakanyanya, zvakadai sokuzvidya mwoyo, kunyangadza, kutya, uye kukurira. Kukurudzira kwemashoko aya kazhinji kunovhiringidza kukwanisa komumwe munhu kupinda kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha kwavari. Kuvhiringidza kunowanzosanganisira:
- Kusvibiswa (semuenzaniso, tsvina, majeremusi, mvura yemvura, zvirwere, kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, makemikari)
- Kukuvadza (semuenzaniso, kutya kuzvikuvadza kana vamwe, kutya kuve nemhosva kune chimwe chinhu chakaipa chinoitika kana kukuvadza zvisingaiti kune chimwe chinhu kana mumwe munhu)
- Zvido zvisingabatsiri zvepabonde (semuenzaniso, zvisingadikanwi, zvinorambidzwa, kana zvepabonde zvido zvepabonde, mifananidzo, kana mafungiro, kusanganisira kusavhiringidza pamusoro pehuchani, zvepabonde pamusoro pevana, kubatana, kubatwa chibharo kana kurwisa zvepabonde)
- Kutendeseka / Kurwisana (semuenzaniso, pfungwa pamusoro pokunyomba kana kukanganisa Mwari, kufunga nezvekutonga mutsika kana mufambiro)
- Kurasikirwa Kudzora (semuenzaniso, kutya kuita zvisiri izvo uye kuzvikuvadza iwe pachako kana vamwe, kutya kuita zvisingatauriki nekuzvidza vamwe kana kutaura chimwe chinhu chinorambidzwa kana chinorambidzwa, kutya kuita zvisingaiti uye kuba, zvisingadadi zvidhori zvepfungwa zvinotyisa, zvechisimba, kana zvimwe zvakashata zvakasikwa )
- Kuita zvinhu zvakakwana (semuenzaniso, kunetseka nehupfungwa, kutenderera, kuenzanisa, chido chekuziva kana kuyeuka, kuendeswa kunamatira kune zvakasimba nguva dzose kana kutarisira, zvido zvechimwe chinhu kuti uchinzwe zvakanaka )
- Chirwere chepanyama (semuenzaniso, kutya kuwana chirwere kana chirwere chisingawirirani nekusvibiswa kwekunetseka)
- Kutenda Mashura (semuenzaniso, nhamba dzinotyisa kana dzisingatauriki, mavara, mazwi, kana mazwi)
Kuyeuka kunowanzobatanidza kuguma kunotyisa, sekuita sekutarisira kukuvadza iwe pachako kana kune vamwe, kurondedzerwa sechinhu chisina kunaka kana chepombwe, kana kusakwana. Semuenzaniso, kuvhiringidzika pamusoro pekukuvadza kune vamwe kunogona kusanganisira kutya kuti munhu angangoita moto asingaiti nekutadza kushandira.
Kutya kunogona kuve kwakanyanya zvokuti zvinotungamirira kumamanikidziro kuderedza zvingaonekwa kuti zvinogona kukuvara uye kuderedza kushungurudzika. Mumuenzaniso wataurwa pamusoro apa, mumwe angasarudza kuongorora nzvimbo dzose mumusha asati abva mumba kuti aderedze njodzi inonzwisisika yokuti moto huchaitika uye zvinowedzera kuderedza kufunganya kunoenderana.
Makambani anowanzosanzwisiswa uye anoshandiswa mukuratidza.
American Psychiatric Association. Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders, Fifth Edition. 5thed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013: 251-4.
Clark, David A .; & Radomsky, Adam S. (2014). Nhanganyaya: Maonero epasi rose pamusoro pemafungiro asina kufanira. Zvinyorwa zveIndessive-Compulsive uye Nezvimwe Zvimwe Zvinetso. Inowanika paIndaneti 18 February 2014.
Goodman, WK, Price, LH, Rasmussen, SA et al: "Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale." Arch Gen Psychiatry 46: 1006-1011 1989.