Ubongo 'Hutsva' Dzimwe Mapoka Okubatsira Kubata Mabasa
Kunyange zvazvo zvizhinji zvekuvhiringidza kusingaperi kwechinwa doro zvinoshandiswa kuuropi zvinotanga kushandura mushure mokunge doro rinorega kunwa, zvimwe kukanganisa kwekufunga kunopfuurira kunyange mushure mekugara kwenguva refu.
Chimwe chidzidzo chakawana kuti kunyange humwe unyanzvi hwemotokari hunokonzerwa nehuwandu hwekushandisa doro zvisina kunaka hunoramba huri kwenguva refu mushure mekudhakwa. Asi, zvisingatarisirwi nhau kune uchapupu hwokuti uropi huri kuedza kubhadharisa kukanganisa ikoko nokushandisa dzimwe nzvimbo dzeuropi kuita mabasa iwayo.
Kushandisa magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), masayendisiti akakwanisa kuongorora nzvimbo dzouropi panguva yemaitiro emhando yemotokari uye akawana kuti uropi hunoita se "kuunganidza" dzimwe nzvimbo, dzisingatarisiri kubhadhara kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekushandisa doro zvisina kunaka.
Ubongo Zvikamu Zvinokuvadza muAdha
"Tinoziva kubva pamapurogiramu europathological kuti zvikamu zviviri zveuropi izvo zvinowanzokuvadzwa kune vanodhakwa zvinodhaka ndezvokugadzirisa uye zvinonzi lobes," akadaro Peter R. Martin, purofesa wepfungwa nemapirmacology, mutungamiriri weVanderbilt Addiction Center pa Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, uye munyori anonyatsokodzera kuti adzidze. "Kukurumidza kufamba-famba motokari yakadai seminwe yekuputika ibasa re motor motor, rekusimba chikamu chetambo rekutanga, iyo inotanga kukurudzira kumisungo yoruoko, iyo iyo inoshandiswa nekubatana pakati pe cerebellum uye frontal lobes.
"Mune mamwe mazwi, ndakafunga kuti pangadai paizova nokusava nekunaka kwekuvamba kwenharaunda idzi mune zvinodhakwa panguva yechipfupa."
Kuongorora Basa reBongo
Martin navanoshanda navo vakacherechedza mapoka maviri ari kutarisana neFMRI paanoita kudzokorora, kuzvidzora kwekodhi manyorero-kugadzira maitiro, kushandura pakati pemasimba avo ane simba uye asingashamisi.
Mapoka acho aiva masere (vanhurume vanomwe, 1 vakadzi) doro-vanovimba nevarwere mushure memavhiki maviri ekurega; uye mapfumbamwe (7 vakadzi, 2 varume) vane hutano vanozvipira kana kutonga.
Kushandisa Kuwedzera kweBongo
Sezvakatarisirwa, varwere vanoramba vachiripira doro vanoita basa rekugunzva zvigunwe zvishoma kudarika zvinotungamirira.
Kusiyana nezvakatarisira, kuderera kunononoka kwakanga kusingatauriki nehuwandu hwakaderedza fMRI kuburitsa kushanda mu cerebral cortex uye cerebellum; pane kudaro, madhakwa aiva nekuwedzera kukuru kwekushanda mumakirini e cortical ypsilateral kusvika (kune rumwe rutivi rwakafanana) ruoko runoshanda mukati mekutonga kwemaoko.
Mune mamwe mazwi, vakatsvakurudza vakawana, madhakwa aya aifanira kushandisa humwe hutano hwavo kuita zvishoma.
"Kutanga, tawana kuti madorokwa , kazhinji achitaura, akafuridzirwa zvisingabatsiri," akadaro Martin. "Chechipiri, kuitira kuti pave nehuputi imwe chete, doro rinoshandisa chikamu chikuru cheuropi dzavo kupfuura munhu chaiye.Zvino, migumisiro inoratidzika inoratidza kuti kunyange zvazvo doro, kana vachirwisa kubva kunwa, zvinogona kuratidzira kuratidzika kwemazuva ose , vanofanira kushandisa zvimwe zvehuropi hwavo kubudisa matepi. "
"Chidzidzo ichi chinosimbisa kukosha kwekutarisa kushanda kwehutano hweutano hunobatanidzwa kunyange mubasa rakajeka," akadaro Edith Sullivan, purofesa wehupfungwa wepfungwa dzekuStanford University School of Medicine.
"Uyezve, uchapupu hwekutora nzvimbo dzeuropi dzisingabatanidzwi mubasa rakapiwa dzinoisa munhu panjodzi yekushanda kusakwanisa kwebasa iri, mamwe mabasa anongoda kuitwa panguva imwe chete, uye zvakaoma zvakaenzana-kutarisa mabasa, akadai kutyaira. "
Basa Rokumusorosoro
Basa rakawedzerwa muIpsilateral cortical region yeuropi rakanga risingatarisirwi, akadaro Martin.
"Kazhinji, pandinobata neruoko rwangu rworudyi," akadaro, "kazhinji kacho motokari yangu cortex (chikamu chepamberi lobes) chiri kupisa, pamwe chete nekodzero yangu yakarurama. 'Ipsi' zvinoreva rutivi rumwe, 'contra' zvinoreva zvinopesana.
Saka, tirikutaura pamusoro pekudzivirira kwangu cortex uye mypateral cerebellum yangu. Basa rakakosha zvikuru iro ratakawana kune vakadhakwa raive mu-ipsilateral cortex, rutivi ratisingawanzodi kuti rushandiswe.
"Izvi zvinowirirana nemafungiro ekuti nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeuropi dziri kudanwa kuita basa raisingawanzoshandurwe kuti riite zvinodiwa nemitemo. Uyezve, izvi zvinoratidza kuti kunyange zvazvo doro kune rimwe divi rinogona kuratidzika riri kuita kazhinji kana iwe ukakudza huwandu hwekusagadzikana kwavari kubvunzwa kuita, vanogona kupedza simba ravo - hapangange kusisina uropi hwekuunza, kuunganidza, kubhadhara. "
Ubongo Hunowana Zviri nani Pakubhadhara
Izvi zvinotungamirira kumibvunzo mitsva, akadaro Martin. "Kana tikadzidza varwere sezvavanenge vachifambira mberi nekuzvidzora kwavo, vanoita izvi zvisinganzwisisike here? Zvichida kuti huropi hunova nani pakubhadhara, asi haisi tsika, inongodzidza nzira yekuunza, kunyanya, zvikamu zve uropi iwe unogona kuti unodzidza kubhadhara pachako.
"Zvimwe zvingangodaro kuti sezvo uropi huchiporesa, zvishoma zvinoshandiswa zvinodiwa, uye iyo ndiyo nzira chaiyo yekugadzirisa.Mhinduro dzacho dzinoramba dzichinzwisisa kwete kubhurwa pachako, asi nzira dziri shure kwekugunzva."
Sources:
Parks, MH, et al. "Ubongo fMRI Kuita Kubatanidzwa neUni-Paced Finger Tapping MuHorosa Doro-Varwere Vanorindira." Kunwa doro: Kuongorora uye Kuongorora Ongororo Muna 2003