Dopamine inonzi neurotransmitter (ikemikari yakabudiswa nemasero emagetsi) iyo inobata basa rinokosha uye rakasiyana-siyana mukushanda kwehuropi hwako.
Basa reDopamine muBongo
Dopamine neurons (nerve cells) dzine masero mukatikati memabhodhoni ane tsinga dzemuviri (dzinonzi axons) dzinowedzera mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda muuropi. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti dopamine iparidzirwe kubva pane imwe nzvimbo yeuropi kuenda kune imwe, uye izvi zvinosangana zvinonzi dopaminergic nzira.
Imwe nzira inonzi dopaminergic pathway kubva kune imwe nzvimbo ye midbrain inonzi substantia nigra kune basal ganglia, iyo inobatanidza kufamba mumumuviri. Kana pane kurashikirwa kweDopamine neurons mu substantia nigra, chirwere chePasinson chinoitika - chirwere chepfungwa chinoratidzirwa nekufamba kunonoka, kuonekwa kwakasimba, nekudengenyeka kwezororo.
Dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuisa dopamine dzinosanganisira prefrontal cortex, nzvimbo yeuropi iyo inokosha pakugadzirisa matambudziko, kufunga kwakaoma, chiyeuchidzo, njere, uye mutauro. Minor dopamine kuisa nzira dzinosanganisira amygdala, iyo inobata basa rinokosha mukufungidzirwa kwemazwi, uye hippocampus, inokosha pakuyeuka.
Mukuwedzera kune kufamba, manzwiro, kuyeuka, uye kufunga, dopamine neurons inobata basa rinokosha mukukurudzira uye mubairo. Ichi ndicho chikonzero zvimwe zvinhu zvekushungurudzwa, kunyanya cocaine uye nicotine , zvinodhaka - sezvo zvinhu izvi zvinoita kuti dopamine-mediated system system muuropi.
Dopamine's Link to Your Health
Kunze kwechirwere chePasinson, zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfungwa zvakabatanidzwa kune dopamine dysregulation schizophrenia, kucherechedza chirwere chinokonzera (ADD) , bipolar disorder, uye kuora mwoyo.
Nzira iyo dopamine yakakanganisa zvirwere izvi zvepfungwa zvakasiyana.
Somuenzaniso, muna ADD, kuora mwoyo mu dopamine system kunokonzera kusava nehanya. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinokurudzira, saRitalin (methylphenidate) kana Adderall (amphetamine), iyo inowedzera dopamine maitiro muuropi, kubatsira kubatsira kutarisa nekuchenjerera.
Kune rumwe rutivi, mune schizophrenia, dopamine system inopedza simba. Ichi ndicho chikonzero mishonga inodzivirira dopamine receptors muuropi (inonzi antipsychotics) inoshandiswa mukurapa kwayo.
Ko Dopamine Inotamba Basa Mukurongwa Kwevanhu Kunetseka Here?
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanodavira kuti dopamine kusagadzikana kunogona kubatanidzwa mukukudziridza we borderline personality disorder (BPD) . Izvi zvinowanzobva kune zvidzidzo zvinotsigira dopamine basa mukufunga, kutonga manzwiro, nekudzivirira kwechisimba - izvo zvose zvisingakwanisi kune vanhu vane BPD. Uyezve, mishonga yekurapa inoratidzika seinochera dzimwe zviratidzo zveBPD, kunyanya izvo zvekutsamwa uye zvinetso zvekufunga (sekufanana nekufungidzira).
Izvozvo zvichiti, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti nzira iyo antipsychotics inobatsira varwere neBPD ndeyekuti kwete-dopamine nzira. Kakawanda, zvakaoma kutaura panguva ino kuti dopamine inokosha sei mukukudziridza kana nzira yeBPD. Kutsvakurudza kwakawanda kunobatsira pakujekesa kuwirirana uku.
Pasi Pasi
Iyo dopamine system inyanzvi, inonakidza nzira inobatanidzwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano hwepfungwa nehutano. Nokuwedzera kuongorora basa re dopamine muuropi, masayendisiti achange achitarisira kuwana ruzivo rwavanoda kuti vawedzere mamwe mazano ekurwarisa dopamine - saka vanhu vane zvirwere zvepopamine-mediated, schizophrenia, vanogona kuve vakanaka uye kudzivisa kusavhiringidza.
> Sources:
> Cohen, BM & Carlezon, WA (2007). Haigoni kuwana zvakakwana zveiyo dopamine. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 164 (4): 543-6.
> Friedel, RO (2004). Dopamine kusagadzikana mumuganhu wehutano hwehutano hwevanhu: a hypothesis. Neuropsychopharmacology, 29 (6): 1029-39.
> Ingenhoven, TJ, & Duivenvoorden, HJ (2011). Kusiyana kwehutano hwema antipsychotics mumuganhu wehutano hwehutano: meta-analysis ye placebo-inodzorwa, randomised clinical trials on symptomatic results results. Nyaya yeCliniki Psychopharmacology, 31 (4): 489-96.
> Siddiqui SV, Chatterjee U., Kumar, D., Siddiqui A., & Goval, N. (2008). Neuropsychology ye prefrontal cortex. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 50 (3): 202-8.