Chikonzero chinokonzera kushandiswa kwekushungurudza chirwere uye nzira yekuchibata nayo
Vacheche bhandi nevakuru vanovapa kuchengetedza kwakasimba, rudo. Vanoziva vanhu vakuru vanovadzivirira uye vanovadzikama pavanonzwa vachinetseka.
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vanosimbisa hutano hwakanaka kune avo vanonyanya kutarisira, sevabereki vavo, vatarisi vezuva, kana kuti zvichida sekurukuru vanobatanidzwa zvikuru.
Asi dzimwe nguva, vacheche vanoomerwa kuti vave neukama hune utano nemunhu mukuru akatsiga.
Nokudaro, vanogona kukudziridza kugadzirisa kusangana kwepfungwa, hutano hwepfungwa hunoita kuti zvive nyore kuumba hukama hwakanaka uye hune rudo.
Zvinokonzera Reactif Attachment Disorder
Kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa dambudziko kunogona kuitika kana vana vasina kupiwa zvakakodzera nevakagadzikana uye vasingagadziri vatarisi. Kana muchengeti asingatauri kumucheche kwecheche kana mwana asingakudziwi uye anodiwa, angave asina kukurudzirwa.
Heano mimwe mienzaniso yenguva apo mwana angasazokwanisa kuumba chibatiso chakachengeteka kune muchengeti wekutanga :
- Amai vemwana vari mutirongo kubva mberi uye mberi. Mwana wacho anogara nehama dzakasiyana-siyana paanenge ari mujeri uye mwana haana kumbova mumusha mumwe chete kwenguva yakakwana kuti aite chisungo chakasimba nevanhu vose vakuru.
- Amai vane kuora mwoyo . Somugumisiro, anoedza kutarisira mwana wake. Haasi kumuteerera paanochema uye haairatidzi rudo rukuru.
- Mwana anobviswa kubva kuvabereki vake akaberekwa uye akaiswa muchecheche. Anogara mumisha yakasiyana-siyana yevabereki kune imwe gore. Haana kusimbisa ukama hwakasimba nevarapi vese.
- Vabereki vaviri vane zvinetso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka zvakanyanya. Pasi pesimba remishonga uye doro, havakwanise kupa mwana wavo kuchengetwa kwakakwana.
- Mwana anoiswa munherera. Kune vakwegura vakawanda vakasiyana asi mwana haawanzochengetwa kana kunyaradzwa paanochema. Anopedza nguva yakawanda yenguva yake muchikwereti.
- Amai amai vaduku havanzwisisi nheyo dzekuvandudza vana. Haana ruzivo rwekutarisira mwana wake mumuviri uye mupfungwa. Mwana wacho haafaniri kushamwaridzana naamai vake nokuti haasi kuteerera zvaanoda.
Chero nguva iyo pane kusagadzikana kusakanganwa zvinodiwa nemwana kana zvepanyama, mwana angave pangozi yekuvandudza chinetso chekubatanidza chinokanganisa. Kusava nekusimudzirwa uye rudo kunogonawo kuita basa.
Symptoms of Reactive Attachment Disorder
Vana vane chirwere chekubatanidza chinokanganisa kazhinji vanoramba kutevera mitemo uye vanogona kupedzisira vachirwisana nevamwe vasinganzwiri tsitsi. Asi kugadzirisa kusangana kwepfungwa kunodarika zvinetso zvematambudziko.
Kuti zvikwanisire kuongororwa kwekuita basa rekugadzirisa kushungurudzika, mwana anofanira kuratidza mufambiro wakaenzana wekudziviswa, kusinganzwisisiki kutadza kune vakwegura vakura. Vana vane chinetso chekubatanidza zvakagadzikana:
- Kazhinji kana zvishoma zvishoma vanotsvaka nyaradzo kana vakaora mwoyo
- Kazhinji kana zvishoma vanopindura kunyaradzwa kana vakaora mwoyo
Kuti vaite zvinotarisirwa, vanofanirawo kuratidza zviratidzo zviviri zvinotevera:
- Kuzvidzivirira kwevanhu mune zvepabonde uye mupfungwa kune vamwe
- Chikanganiso chakanaka chinochinja
- Zvikamu zvekusanzwisiswa kusinganzwisisiki, kusuruvara, kana kutya kunoonekwa munguva isingatyi kuwirirana nevakuru vakwegura
Mukuwedzera pakuratidza zviratidzo izvi, mwana wacho anofanirawo kunge ane nhoroondo yekutarisirwa kwakakwana sezvinoratidzwa nezvimwe zvezvinotevera:
- Kuchinja kune vanonyanya kuchengetedza vana vanoita kuti mukana wevana udzike kusungirirwa kwakasimba
- Kuramba uine urombo hwekunzwa uye rudo kubva kuvanhu vakuru
- Kurudzirwa munzvimbo isina kujairika iyo inopesana zvakanyanya mukana wemwana wekugadzirisa zvisungo (zvakadai senherera)
Zviratidzo zvinofanirwa kuvapo vasati vava nemakore 5. Uye mwana anofanira kunge ane makore ekukura anopfuura mwedzi mipfumbamwe kuti awane chirwere chekugadzirisa chinetso chekubatanidza.
Kuwanda kweReactive Attachment Disorder
Sezvo kugadziriswa kwekushungurudzika kwechirwere kunongoratidzika kutsva-uye vana vakawanda vanoenda vasina kutenderwa, hazvina chokwadi kuti vangani vana vangasangana nemirairo. Muna 2010, kumwe kuongororwa kwakawanika pasi pe 0,4 muzana yevana vechiDanish vaine chirwere chekugadzirisa chinetso chekugadzirisa.
Chidzidzo che2013 chakafungidzirwa pamusoro pe4,4 muzana yevana vanogara mune imwe nzvimbo isina urombo muUnited Kingdom vane dambudziko rekubatanidza.
Inofungidzirwa kuti vana vari kutarisira vana-uye avo vanogara mumisha yenyati-vanoratidzira zvikwereti zvakanyanya zvekuita basa rekugadzirisa dambudziko. Nhoroondo yekubatwa zvisina kunaka nekuvhiringidzika kutarisira kwevana zvinowedzera kuwedzera njodzi.
Sei Reactive Attachment Dambudziko Rinozivikanwa
Vadzidzisi, vatarisi vezuva, uye vatarisi vepamusoro vanogona kuona kuti mwana ane chirwere chekugadzirisa chinokonzera kugadzirisa zvinoratidza manzwiro nemafungiro emafungiro.
Kuongororwa kwakakwana nenyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa kunogona kusimbisa kana mwana ane chirwere chekushungurudza chinogadziriswa.
Iko kuongorora kunogona kusanganisira:
- Kutarisa zvakananga mwana wacho achibatana nemutarisiri
- Nhoroondo yakazara yekukura kwomwana uye mamiriro ehupenyu
- Kubvunzurudza nevanonyanya kutarisira kuti vadzidze zvakawanda nezvekurera vana
- Kucherechedza maitiro omwana
Kune dzimwe mimwe mimwe mitemo inogona kupa nemafungiro akafanana kana maitiro. Muongorori wehutano hwepfungwa achaona kana zviratidzo zvemwana zvinogona kutsanangurwa nedzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu akadai:
- Kugadzirisa kusagadzikana
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Kuchengetedzeka kwekuremara
- Autism
- Matambudziko epfungwa
Dzimwe nguva, vana vane chinetso chekugadzirisa chinetso chekugadzirisa zvinetso vanogadzikana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti vana vane zvinetso zvekubatana vanowana huwandu huwandu hweHDH , zvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo , uye zvinetso zvekuita .
The History of the Reactive Attachment Disorder Diagnosis
Kushungurudzika kunetseka kunongoratidzika kutsva. Yakatanga kubudiswa muna 1980.
Muna 1987, mazana maviri emagetsi ekubatanidza kugadzirisa chirwere akabatwa; inhibited uye disinhibited. Muna 2013, chirwere chacho chakavandudzwa zvakare. Iyo DSM-5 inoreva rudzi rusina kudzivirirwa sehutano hwakasiyana hunonzi hutachiona hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano.
Kurasikirwa kwehutano kusangana nehutano chirwere chekubatanidza chinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwakachengeteka nemutarisiri-sekuita basa rekubatanidza dambudziko. Vana vane hutachiona hwekushamwaridzana nehutano hwekusangana uye vanobatana nevanhu vakuru vasina kujaira pasina kutya. Vanowanzoda kuenda nemumwe mutorwa pasina kushamisika.
Reactive Attachment Disorder Treatment
Nhanho yekutanga mukurapa mwana nehutano hwekugadzirisa chinetso chinowanzobatanidza kuve nechokwadi kuti mwana anopiwa nzvimbo ine rudo, inochengetedza, uye yakagadzikana. Kurapa hakuzobudiriri kana mwana achienderera mberi achifamba kubva kumusha kuti ave neimba kana kuti iye arambe achigara munzvimbo yekugara nevasingatarisirwi.
Therapy inowanzobatanidza mwana pamwe chete nemubereki kana mutarisiri mukuru. Muchengeti anodzidziswa nezvekuita basa rekugadzirisa dambudziko uye akapiwa ruzivo pamusoro pekuvaka kuvimba nekuvandudza hukama hwakanaka.
Dzimwe nguva, vatarisiri vanokurudzirwa kuenda kumakirasi ekurera vana kuti vadzidze kugadzirisa matambudziko ehutano. Uye kana muchengeti wacho achiedza kupa mwana kushamwaridzana uye rudo, kudzidziswa kwevabereki kunogona kugoverwa kubatsira mwana kuti anzwe akachengeteka uye achidiwa.
Zvinokakavadzana Zvisina Kurapa Zvisingaumbirwi
Munguva yakapfuura, mamwe masangano ekurapa akashandisa nharo dzakasiyana-siyana dzevana vane chinetso chekubatanidza chinetso.
Somuenzaniso, kubata chirwere ichi kunosanganisira mushonga kana muchengeti wepanyama achidzivirira mwana. Mwana wacho anotarisirwa kuti apinde nemanzwiro akawanda kusvikira apedza kumira. Zvinosuruvarisa, vamwe vana vakafa pavanenge vachidziviswa.
Imwe mhirizhonga inosanganisira rebirthing. Munguva yekuberekwazve, vana vane chirwere chekugadzirisa chinokonzera kushungurudzika vakaputirwa mumabheti uye vanachiremba vanofananidza nzira yekugadzirisa nekuita sekunge mwana ari kufamba achipfuura mumugero wekubereka. Kuzvarwa patsva kwakave kusina mutemo mune dzimwe nyika mushure mekunge mwana achinetseka.
IAmerica Psychiatric Association uye The American Academy of Child neAdolescent Psychiatry inoratidzira pamusoro pekuchengetedza kurapwa uye maitiro ekuberekwazve. Nzira dzakadaro dzinoonekwa sepseudoscience uye hapana humwe uchapupu hwokuti dzinoderedza zviratidzo zvinosanganiswa nehutachiona hwekubatanidza dambudziko.
Kana iwe uchitarisa mishonga isiri yechechi kumwana wako, zvakakosha kutaurira chiremba wemwana wako usati watanga kurapwa.
Kuramba Kwemazuva Akareba Kwevana Vachiita Basa Rinoshandiswa Kuchinja
Pasina kurapwa, mwana ane chirwere chinokonzera kushungurudzika chinokonzerwa nehutano angasangana nematambudziko anogara mumagariro evanhu, mupfungwa, uye maitiro. Uye izvozvo zvinogona kuisa mwana pangozi yezvinetso zvakakura sezvaanokura.
Vatsvakurudzi vanofungidzira kuti 52 muzana yevaduku vanokanganisa vane chirwere chekubatanidza kana kuti borderline attachment disorder. Vakawanda vevaya vechidiki vainge vaona kushungurudzwa kana kusaregererwa muhupenyu hwavo.
Kupindira kwepakutanga kunogona kuva chinhu chikuru chekubatsira vana kukudziridza zvibatanidza zvakanaka kare muupenyu. Uye nokukurumidza vogamuchira kurapwa, matambudziko mashomanana avangave nawo munguva yakareba.
Nzira Yokuderedza Dambudziko reReactive Attachment Disorder
Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana umo vatarisiri vepamusoro vanogona kukwanisa kuderedza ngozi iyo mwana achakudziridza kugadzirisa kusanganisa dambudziko.
- Dzidza pamusoro pekukura kwevana. Kudzidza kuti ungapindura sei zvido zvemwana wako uye kuti ungabatsira kuderedza kushungurudzika kwevana vako kunogona kubatsira pakudzika chibatanidzo chakare.
- Taura zvakanaka. Kutamba nemwana wako, kumuverengera, uye kukwikwidzana naye kunogona kubatsira kusimbisa ukama hune rudo uye hwekuvimba.
- Kurera mwana wako. Zvisi nyore mabasa ezuva nezuva, kufanana nekushandura mwana wako uye kumudyara, ndiwo mikana yekubatana.
- Dzidza nezvezvinhu zvokubatanidza. Kana uri kurera mwana ane nhoroondo yekuregererwa, kushungurudzwa, kana kukanganiswa kwevatarisi, dzidza iwe pamusoro pezvinhu zvakagadziriswa.
Kwokuwana Rubatsiro
Kana uchinetseka kuti mwana wako angave ane chirwere chepfungwa kana chetsika, tanga kutaura nechiremba wemwana wako. Chiremba wevana vanogona kuongorora mwana wenyu uye vagoona kana kutumira kune mumwe mupfungwa wehutano hwepfungwa zvakakodzera.
> Sources:
> Mayes SD, Calhoun SL, DAA Waschbusch, Breaux RP, Baweja R. Reactive attachment / disinhibited social engagement disorders: Callous-unemotional traits uye zvinokonzerwa ne comorbid. Research in Developmental Disability . 2017; 63: 28-37.
> Minnis H, Macmillan S, Pritchett R, et al. Kuwandisa kwekuita basa rekugadzirisa dambudziko mumatambudziko akawandisa. British Journal of Psychiatry . 2013; 202 (5): 342-346.
> Moran K, Mcdonald J, Jackson A, Turnbull S, Minnis H. Kuongorora kweEngredient Disorders muvaduku vaduku vanopinda mazano ehutano. Kushungurudzwa Kwevana & Kusateerera . 2017; 65: 77-87.
> Skovgaard, AM Matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa uye psychopathology mucheche uye achiri muduku. Chirwere chepachivande. Danish Medical Bulletin. 2010; 57: 193.