Kana iwe ukachenesa kana kushandisa zvekuita zvakanyanya, iwe unganetseka kana iwe unganzi uine bulimia nervosa. Zvisinei, zvichida haufaniri kuzvidzora . Izvi zvinogona kureva kuti une dambudziko rakasiyana: iwe unogona kuva nechirwere chekuchenesa.
Chii Chiri Kuchinja Dambudziko?
Kuchengeta dambudziko chirwere chekudya chinowanikwa kana munhu akachenesa kuti ave nechimiro chimiro kana uremu asi haafaniri kubata.
Inogona kufungidzirwa sebulimia nervosa pasina kubhadhara. Kunyanya kunyora nezvechirwere ichi chinoratidzika kufungidzira kuti kurutsira ndiyo nzira isina kukwana yekuchenesa , asi kushandiswa kwechisimba uye diuretic kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kunewo. Varwere vazhinji vanoitawo mune dzimwe tsika kuti vatsigire kudya, kusanganisira kurapa kwakanyanya uye kunyanya kudya.
Kunyange zvazvo kuchenesa kusagadzikana kwave kuripo kwenguva yakati, yakatanga kuzivikanwa naKeel uye vashandi pamwe chete muna 2005. Kuchengeta dambudziko kwave kuchidzidzwa zvikuru kudarika bulimia nervosa. Zvechokwadi, varwere vakawanda vane chirwere chekuchenesa vangangodaro vasina kunyatsoonekwa kuti vane bulimia nervosa kana kuti vanga vasina kuonekwa zvachose.
Kubvisa chirwere hachina kuverengwa sechirwere chepamutemo muDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM-5). Pane kudaro, inosanganiswa semamiriro akatsanangurwa mukati mechikamu cheZven Specified Feeding uye Kudya chirwere (OSFED) .
Izvi zvinosanganisira vanhu vane chirwere chinokonzerwa nezvinetso zvekudya vasingakwanisi kugadzirisa zvirongwa zveimwe yezvokudya zvinotanga kusanganisa kusanganisira anorexia nervosa , bulimia nervosa, kana binge kudya chirwere . Kunyange zvazvo isina chikamu chayo chepamutemo, kuchenesa dambudziko kunogona kunge kwakangoita seimwe yezvimwe zvinetso izvi.
Hazvanotsanangurwi Zviri pachena
Nokuti kuchenesa kusagadzikana hakutsananguri zvakanaka, vatsvakurudzi havana kubvumirana zvachose pane zvarinosanganisira. Chimwe chezvinetso nehutano huno hutano hwekuongorora huri kusarudza mukati medu mabhasiki munhu ane rimwe boka rezviratidzo anofanira kuiswa.
Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwekutengesa kunowanzove kunosanganiswa sekunogona kuchenesa maitiro. Kunyange zvazvo kurovedza muviri kunowanzoonekwa seine utano hwakanaka uye hwemagariro anogamuchirwa nevanhu-nenzira iyo kusuruvara kana kushandiswa kwemalasi kusashandisa-kupedza muviri kunogona kuva dambudziko rakakomba.
Zvisinei, hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kuti kunyanyisa kwekuita muviri kunowedzera kukwana kwekutsvaga kwekuchenesa chirwere. Imwe yevatsvakurudzi inofunga kuti inofanira kuva. Mukudzidza kwavo munguva pfupi yapfuura, vakawana kuti vanhu vanoita basa rekushanda nguva dzose (asi vasingashandisi dzimwe nzira dzokuchenesa) vane psychopathology yakafanana sevaya vanochenesa nguva dzose nekurutsa kana kushandiswa zvisina kunaka.
Nokudaro kutsvakurudza kuri kuenderera mberi uye semugumisiro, hazvinyatsonzwisisi kuti kusuruvara kwepfungwa kunotsanangurwa sei.
Ndiani Anowana Kukonzera Matambudziko?
Kuita chirwere chinowanzowanzoitika pakupera kwekuyaruka nekukura kwekukura. Inosanganisa zvikuru vakadzi uye vanhu vanorondedzerwa sechinhu chakareruka ure kana chikuru.
Nemhaka yezvino maitiro ekuongororwa, izvo zvinonyanya kukosha kuongororwa kweanorexia nervosa, kuchenesa dambudziko zvakanyanya hakugoni kuonekwa kune vanhu vari pasi pehutano. Vanhu vane uremu huri pasi uye vanobatanidzwa mukuchenesa kunogona kuonekwa kuti vane anorexia nervosa, binge / purge subtype.
Sekuda kwevaya vari kutsvaga kurapwa kwechirwere chekudya, kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti kuchenesa dambudziko ndiro dambudziko riripo iye zvino mu5 kusvika ku10 muzana yevarwere vakuru uye 24 kusvika ku 28 muzana yevanenge vachiri kuyaruka. Inogona kuva yakajairika kuongororwa kana vanhu vane utano hwakawandisa vachienzaniswa sevanenge vaine chirwere chekuchenesa.
Kurapa Kwakaita Sei Kusiyana NeBurlimia Nervosa uye Anorexia Nervosa?
Nenzira, vanhu vane chirwere chekuchenesa havachina zvikamu zvekudya zvisingaverengeki zvakawanda zvezvokudya izvo zvinofananidzira bulimia nervosa (zvisinei kuti vangasangana nekodzero yebulimia nervosa). Zvisinei, vangave vachinzwa kuti vakadya "zvakanyanya" apo ivo vakangodya chete zvakakwana zvezvokudya. Vanogona kuchenesa mushure mekudya. Vanogona kuwana maitiro akafanana eine mhosva uye kunyadziswa kune avo vanochenesa mushure mekudya zvokudya zvakawanda.
Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti varwere vanochenesa asi vasingateereri zviratidzo zvakakomba zvinosanganisira kudzivirira kudya, kunyanya kufunga nezvekudya kwepfungwa, uye zviratidzo zvemuviri . Chinokosha chikuru pakati pekuchenesa chirwere uye bulimia chingave kuti varwere vane bulimia nervosa vanorayira kurashikirwa kukuru kwekudya. Imwe tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti kuchenesa dambudziko kunogona kunge kusina kuoma kupfuura bulimia nervosa.
Varwere vane chirwere chekuchenesa vanowanzotaura manzwiro ekudzivirira kwepamuviri mushure mekudya uye kutambudzika kwakawanda kupfuura vanhu vane utano uye varwere vane bulimia nervosa. Vamwe varwere vane chirwere chekuchenesa vanogona kunzwa sokuti kusuruvara kwavo kunongoerekana kwaitika.
Maererano neKeel uye vashandi pamwe chete (2017), varwere vane chirwere chekuchenesa "kazhinji vanoita sevarwere vane anorexia nervosa muhutano uye kushamwaridzana kwevamwe kune zvavanoita sevarwere vane bulimia nervosa" (peji 191).
Zvimwe Zvinetso Zvinokonzera Kufambisa Dambudziko
Varwere vane chirwere chekuchenesa kazhinji vane zvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa:
- Kusvika makumi manomwe kubva muzana vane chirwere chepfungwa
- Kusvika 43 kubva muzana vane dambudziko rekuzvidya mwoyo
- Kusvika kusvika ku17 muzana vane dambudziko rekushandisa dambudziko
Kuchengeta dambudziko kunobatanidzwawo nehuwandu hwekuzviuraya uye kuzvizvivadza kuzvida.
Ngozi Dzokugadzirisa Matambudziko
Kufuridzira nekurutsa chinhu chakanyanya pamusoro pounhu nokuti inotakura zvinetso zvehutano zvakawanda zvichibva pakusanganiswa kwemagetsi, kusagadzikana kwe electrolyte kunogona kutungamirira kukurwisa mwoyo, zvinetso zvemazino, kusvimha misodzi, uye kusuruvara kwemazamu. Kuvhara dambudziko kunogona kukonzera matambudziko nemapfupa uye maitiro emitemo uye inobatanidza nehuwandu hwekufa hunogona kuitika . Kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwemarara kunogona kukonzera kuzvidzora pavari uye kuvhiringidzwa kwemazuva ose ekubata. Kushungurudzwa kwehutachiona kunogona kutungamirira pamigumisiro inokosha yezvoutano.
Kurapa Kwekugadzirisa Matambudziko
Zvinosuruvarisa, sezvenguva yekunyora, hapana maitiro ekurapa anorongeka anorongwa akaitwa kune vanhu vane chirwere chekuchenesa. Hapana humwe humwe hupupuri hunotungamirirwa nehutano. Pane humwe hunoratidza kubva kune vanorwara vane chirwere chekuchenesa mu transdiagnostic maitiro ekurapa avo vanogona kubatsirwa neCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT-E) , kurapwa kwakanyanya kune vanhu vakuru vane bulimia nervosa. Modules iyo inogadzirisa kusagadzikana kwemaitiro uye kugadzirisa zvinetso zvingave zvakanyanya kubatsira. Aya mazano anobatsira varwere kushivirira manzwiro ekuzara uye kuzvidya mwoyo uye kuvabatsira kuti vawedzere dzimwe hutano hwekubata.
Varwere vane chirwere chekuchenesa vanogonawo kubatsirwa nekudzivirirwa nekudzivirira kupindura, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira kudya kudya kwakakwana kwezvokudya, kudzidza kudzorerazve manzwiro emuviri sechinhu chinowanzogadzirwa chekudya, nekudzivirira kuchenesa. Vachiri kuyaruka vane chirwere chekuchenesa vanogona kushandiswa zvakanakisisa neMhuri-Based Treatment (FBT) , iyo inotungamirira kurapwa kwevechiri kuyaruka aneorexia nervosa, kunyange zvazvo tsvakurudzo ishoma.
Maererano naKeel uye vashandi pamwe chete (2017), varwere vane chirwere chekuchenesa vanochenesa zvavanotenda kuti havakwanisi kudya-maitiro akafanana nevarwere vane bulimia nervosa-vanogona kupindura zviri nani kurapwa. Izvi zvinogona kuva nokuti kunzwa kwekurasikirwa kwekutya kudya hakusi kufadza. Kusiyana neizvi, varwere vanochenesa asi havaoni chero manzwiro ekurasikirwa kwekutarisa pamusoro pekudya vangave vasisina chikonzero chekurapa nokuti mufambiro wavo haunzwi uchinetsa kwavari. Zvinogona kuonekwa sevarwere vane anorexia nervosa vasingaoni kuvharirwa kwavo sechinetso. Iri boka rekupedzisira rinogonawo kunge risina chido chekuita kurapwa nekuda kwekutya kuwedzera kukura kana ikamira kuchenesa.
Shoko Rinobva
Vanhu vanoita mukuchenesa nemafambiro akafanana vanogona kunyara uye kusada kutsvaka rubatsiro. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuwana unyanzvi hwekutsvaga uye nokukurumidza zviri nani. Kana iwe kana munhu waunoda ari kuita zvirwere zvekudya zvakadai sekurutsa, kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kweaxatives kana diuretics, kana kuti kurovedza muviri, tapota tsvaka rubatsiro.
> Sources
> Keel, Pamela K., Jean Forney, uye Grace Kennedy. 2017. Kurapa Matambudziko. Clinical Handbook of Complex uye Atypical Eating Disorders . 189-204. Oxford University Press. New York.
> Keel, Pamela K., Alissa Haedt, naCrystal Edler. 2005. "Kukonzera Matambudziko: Chimwe Chinhu Chinokanganisa ChaBulimia Nervosa?" International Journal of Eating Disorders 38 (3): 191-99. https://doi.org/ > 10.1002 / kudya.20179 >.
> Lydecker, Janet A., Megan Shea, naCarlos M. Grilo. nd "Driven Exercise muKutadza kweBinge Kudya: Zvinokonzerwa nePurging Disorder." International Journal of Eating Disorders, n / > an > / a. Yakasvika musi waDecember 16, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22811.
> Smith, Kathryn E., Janis H. Vakawanda, uye Jason M. Lavender. 2017. "Kudzokorora kwePuring Disorder kuburikidza neMeta-Analysis." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 126 (5): 565-92. https://doi.org/ 10.1037 / abn0000243.