Freud akatenda chii?
Sigmund Freud anozivikanwa zvikuru nokuda kwechikoro chake chepfungwa chepfungwa, asi akafarirawo chitendero. Sezvo akwegura, Freud akafunga kuti haatendi kuti Mwari haasi, asi rutivi rwake rwechiJudha uye kurera uye mamiriro ake ezvinhu zvakaita basa rinokosha pakuvandudza pfungwa dzake. Akatonyora mabhuku akawanda akatarisa pamusoro pehurukuro yechitendero.
Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehukama hwakaoma hwaFrud nechitendero uye zvimwe zvezvaanofunga nezvechitendero uye zvekunamata.
Freud's Early Influences Religious
Sigmund Freud akaberekerwa nevabereki vechiJudha mumaguta makuru eRoma Katurike e Freiburg, Moravia. Muhupenyu hwake hwose, Freud akaedza kunzwisisa zvechitendero uye zvekunamata uye akanyora mabhuku akaverengeka akazvipira munyaya yacho, kusanganisira "Totem and Taboo" (1913), "The Future of a Illusion" (1927), "Upenyu Hwakanaka uye Hwakarasika" (1930) , uye "Moses uye Monotheism" (1938).
Chitendero, Freud chaitenda, chaiva chiratidzo chepfungwa dzepfungwa dzakagadzikana uye kushushikana. Panyaya dzakasiyana-siyana muzvinyorwa zvake, akataura kuti chitendero chaiva chiedza chekutonga doro reOedipal (kusiyana nematambudziko eElectra ), nzira yekupa maitiro kumagariro evanhu, kuda kugutsikana, nevana vaduku, uye kuedza kudzora kunze kwenyika.
Freud's Jewish Heritage
Kunyange zvazvo akanga ari pamberi pekudavira kwake uye achitenda kuti chitendero chakanga chiri chinhu chokukunda, akanga achiziva simba guru rechitendero pahuzivi.
Akabvuma kuti vaJudha vake, uyewo kusateerera kwevanhu vaigara vachingosangana navo, vakanga vaumba unhu hwake.
"Mutauro wangu ndiGermany." Chimiro changu, zvandinowana ndiGermany.Ndakazviona ndiri chiGermany mupfungwa, kusvikira ndakacherechedza kukura kwevanhu vanopesana neSamitic muGermany neGermany Austria.
Kubvira panguva iyoyo, ndinosarudza kuzvitumidza ndiri muJudha, "akanyora muna 1925.
Chitendero Maererano naFranud
Saka Freud akanzwa sei pamusoro pechitendero? Mune mamwe magwaro ake anozivikanwa zvikuru, akaratidza kuti yakanga iri "manyepo," maitiro eurourosis, uye kunyange kuedza kuwana simba pamusoro penyika yekunze.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinyorwa zvakakurumbira zveFrud zvechitendero, akataura kuti, "Chitendero chinhu chisingafungi uye chinowana simba rayo kubva pane kuti inowira mukati medu nezvido zvedu zvepanyama." Sigmund Freud mubhuku rake "New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis" (1933)
Mune "Ramangwana rekufungidzira," Freud akanyora kuti, "Chitendero chinofananidzwa nehuduku hutsinye."
"Mosesi uye Monotheism" yaiva imwe yemabasa ake ekupedzisira asati afa. Mariri, akataura kuti, "Chitendero ndechiedza chekutonga pamusoro penyika inonzwisisika, iyo yatinoiswa, kuburikidza nenyika inofarira, iyo yatakagadzira mukati medu semugumisiro wezvinodiwa zvehupenyu nepfungwa. [ ...] Kana munhu achiedza kugovera chitendero nzvimbo yawo mukushanduka kwevanhu, zvinoratidzika kunge zvisingaiti kuva nekugara kwenguva refu, sechichienderana neurosis iyo munhu akabudirira anofanira kupfuurira nenzira yake kubva paucheche kusvika pakukura. "
Freud's Criticism of Religion
Kunyange zvazvo akafadzwa nechitendero uye zvekunamata, Freud aivewo pane dzimwe nguva zvakaoma zvikuru.
Akatsoropodza chitendero nokuda kwekusagamuchirwa, kushatirwa, uye kusada kune avo vasiri nhengo dzeboka rechitendero chaidzo.
Kubva ku "Ramangwana rekufungidzira" (1927): "Zveruzivo rwedu pamusoro pezvakakosha zvezvimwe zvitendero zvechitendero zvinowedzera ruremekedzo rwavo kwavari, asi haruiti kuti isu tirambe tichida kuiswa mberi sezvikonzero zvezvirevo zve mararamiro.Zvino zvinopesana! Zvakasara zvezvakaitika kare zvakatibatsira kutarisa dzidziso dzechitendero, sezvazvakaita, semhando dzetsvina, uye isu tingati iye zvino nguva ingangove yauya, sezvinongoita mukuongorora, kubvisa migumisiro ye kudzvinyirirwa nemigumisiro yekushanda kwemazano euchenjeri. "
Zvimwe zvemashoko ake anonyanya kutsvaga zvinogona kuwanika mumashoko ake "Kubudirira uye Kuravira Kwaro." "Chinhu chose chakanyanyisa kuberekwa, saka hachisi chinhu chaicho, kuti kune munhu ane ushamwari hwevanhu kune zvinorwadza kufunga kuti vazhinji vevanhu havazombokwanisi kuwedzera pamusoro pehupenyu huno," akadaro. "Zvichinyanyisa kunyadzisa kuona kuti vanhu vakawanda vari kurarama nhasi, avo vasingakwanisi asi kuona kuti chitendero ichi hachikwanisiki, asi zvakadaro edza kuzvidzivirira pachikamu chezvinhu zvakasuruvara zvekare zvekare."
"Zvitendero zvakasiyana siyana hazvina kumbokanganwa chikamu chakaitwa nemanzwiro ekupa mhosva mune hupenyu." Uyezve, vanouya mberi nekutaura ... kuti vaponese vanhu kubva pamanzwiro ekupa mhosva, ayo vanonzi chivi. "
Freud's Psychoanalytic Perspective on Religion
Freud's psychoanalytic maonero aiona chitendero sechikonzero chekusaziva kwechido chokuda kuzadzika. Nokuti vanhu vanoda kunzwa vakachengeteka uye kuzvisunungura ivo pachavo mhosva, Freud vaitenda kuti vanosarudza kutenda muna Mwari, uyo anomiririra baba vane simba.
> Kwakabva:
> Novak D. Pane Freud's Theory of Mutemo uye Chitendero. International Journal of Law uye Psychiatry . 2016; 48: 24-34. doi: 10.1016 / j.ijlp.2016.06.007.