Ko fodya tsvuku inoderedza hutano hwehutano hwekusvuta here?
Yaimbova yekuti vanhu vanoputa vangagona kutenga fodya iyo inonzi i "ultra-light", "munyoro" kana "chiedza" muUnited States.
Makambani efodya akagadzira fodya yakashambadzirwa sechisarudzo chine utano pane "nguva dzose" kana kuti "full-flavor" fodya muma1960 nemakore makumi manomwe, achitaura kuti vaiva necheti duku uye nicotine. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvave zvakabudiswa izvo zvakabatanidza kusvuta kune kenza, uye iyi ndiyo yaive yakaita Gorosi guru remhinduro panyaya iyi.
Vasvuta vakacherechedza kuti utsi hunobva pamidzanga yakasviba hwakanzwa hunochera uye huchiwedzera pamutsipa uye pachipfuva. Zvaiita sechokwadi kuti fodya tsvuku inofanira kunge iine hutano kupfuura nguva dzose, zvakarurama? Kwete chaizvo. Zvisinei, pfungwa yokuti cigareti tsvuku yakanga iri kusarudza kusvuta kusvuta yakatorwa uye yakabata zvakasimba kwemakumi emakore.
Chii Chinokonzera Chigarire "Chiedza"?
Vagadziri vegakureti vakatsanangura pasi-tar tarara nenzira inotevera:
| Nguva yeCigarette Packaging | Machine-Measured Tar Tarudza (milligrams) |
| Ultra-chiedza kana Ultra-low Tar | Approx. 7 mg kana pasi |
| Chiedza kana Low Tar | Approx. 8 - 14 mg |
| Yakazara-Flavour kana Yakawanda | Approx. 15 mg kana kupfuura |
Machinisi "anosvuta" fodya yakashandiswa kuwana mazamu e "tarisa" uye "chiedza" fodya. Kune matambudziko nekuita zviyero nenzira iyi. Machini anosvuta fodya zvakasiyana nevanhu, saka zvakaoma kuwana kuverenga kwakarurama. Uyezve, hapana vanhu vaviri vanosvuta nenzira imwecheteyo, saka tar inogona uye ichasiyana zvakanyanya.
Mushonga unopisa tariti inowanzove yakaderera kupfuura iyo yakawanda yekubata inogadziriswa nemunhu.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mhizha yefodya pachayo yakasarudza pane izvo zvichitsanangurwa kuti "chiedza" uye "chiedza" - kwete sangano reGermany raunogona kutarisira.
Vagadziri vegakure vanoshandisa mazano mashomanana kuedza kushandura kuumbwa kweutsi hwefodya uye kuti utsi hunovhiringidzika sei kuti ugoisa fodya se "chiedza".
1. Zvidzitiro zvegakure zvakagadzirwa ne cellulose acetate zvinoshandiswa kuvhara nyaya yakawanda muutsi hwefodya ine inozivikanwa sehuti kuti ichengetedze kubva pakuputika mumapapu. Cellulose acetate ndiyo yakachena cotton-like zvinhu izvo zvinoumba mukati mefriji. Mafirimu anoteya imwe tar, asi zvizhinji zvaro zvinopukunyuka firiji uye zvinoputika. Iyo inofambawo mumhepo uye inhengo yeutsi hwefodya inonzi inozivikanwa sechitatu-ruoko tsvina .
2. Peji yerigare inoshandiswa mumidzanga ine chiedza yakanyanya kupisa kupfuura pepa inoshandiswa mumatare yenguva dzose. Izvi ndechokubvumira makemikari muumisi kuti abve kuburikidza ne pepa asati asvika mumuromo wemusvuta. Izvozvo zvakati, makemikari achiri munharaunda yakapoteredza fodya, uye kana iri munzvimbo yakapoteredzwa, ichaputirwa seutsi hwechipiri.
Mapepa emapurogiramu anopisa nokukurumidza, saka nguva iyo cigaiti inopenya inopfupiswa.
3. Kuwedzerwa kwemakomba maduku, akaputirwa mumucheka wefodya inobvumira mweya kufungidzirwa pamwe neutsi hwefodya, nokudaro kuideredza. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vasingazivi vachivhara mapako neminwe yavo pavanenge vaine fodya, vachikunda chinangwa. Uye vamwe nemaune vanovhara pinholes nokuti utsi hwakasvibiswa hahupi hunoita chiitiko chinogutsa chekusvuta.
Vanogonawo kutora hutsinye hukuru uye kusvuta midzanga shoma shomanana pazuva kuti vawane chikamu chepasi chinokonzera.
Ndicho Chiedza Cjereti Chakatengeswa muUnited States?
Mhuri Kusvuta Kuchengetedza uye Fodya Control Act we 2009 yakapa US Food and Drug Administration simba rokutonga michina yefodya.
Chimwe chezviito zvekutanga zvakatorwa ndechokugadzirisa kuti makambani emidzanga anokwanisa kutsanangura sei zvigadzirwa zvavo. Havagoni kushandisa izwi rokuti "chiedza", "pasi" uye "munyoro" pamuchengetedza fodya, nokuti sayenzi haitsigire kudai, uye inotsausa vanhu.
Makambani efodya anoshandiswa pakukanda michina yavo mukanaka rakanaka kwazvo, zvichidaro kurasikirwa nekwanisi yekuisa fodya semuchena kana kuti unyoro.
Sineakily, vazhinji vakatora kuti vape ruvara rwekodhi yekutengesa fodya mazuva ano kuti vatange "chiedza" pfungwa yevasvuta vagara vachishandisa kutenga mabhii mamwechete (kazhinji ane mavara akafanana) munguva yakapfuura. Camel Lights ikozvino Camel Blues, uye Marlboro Ultralights ikozvino Marlboro Silver, somuenzaniso.
Kune imwe nzvimbo munyika, fodya "chiedza" achiripo.
Sayenzi Inoti Chii Pamusoro Pechiedza Cigaretti?
Mushumo unobva kuNational Cancer Institute (NCI) wakagumisa kuti fodya yakachena hairevi chero rubatsiro kune utano hwehusi. Vanhu vanoshandura kumucherecheche wakachena kubva pamidzanga yenguva dzose vanowanikwa kune mishonga inobata tsvina uye vari pangozi imwe chete yezvirwere zvine chokuita nekuputa.
Hapana Chero Chinhu Chakadai Sokuchengetedza Sirivha
Chiedza chekuedza hachideredzeri utano hwehutano hwekusvuta . Nzira chete yekuderedza njodzi yako, uye njodzi kune vamwe vakakupoteredza, ndeyekurega kusvuta zvachose.
Heino mashoko akanaka: Vakasvuta vanorega vasati vava nemakore makumi mashanu vanochera mungozi yekufa muhafu yevamwe makore 15 anotevera vachifananidza nevanhu vanoramba vachiputa.
Kurega kunoderedzawo mukana wako wekenza yemapapu, kurwisa kwemwoyo, kurwara, uye chirwere chisingaperi chemapapu.
Sources:
Zvinyorwa zveNational Cancer Institute. 'Chiedza' Cigarettes Hazvipi Kubatsira Kwavasvuta, Mharidzo inoti. https://academic.oup.com/jnci/article/94/3/162/2520050/Light-Cigarettes-Offer-No-Benefit-to-Smokers
National Cancer Institute. "Chiedza" Cigaretti uye Kungozi yeKana. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/light-cigarettes-basa rekuongorora rakagadziriswa Gumiguru 28, 2010.
National Institutes of Health. National Library yeMishonga. The Impact of Cigarette Package Design pamusana peDambudziko. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19636066. July 27, 2009.