Uropi hwemunhu inhengo inoshamisa, inokwanisa kuita zvishamiso zvinoshamisa zvekuyeuka, inogona kukanganisa, uye ichigadziriswa kuchinja. Iko uropi hukuru zvakadini? Kunyange zvazvo uropi hwemunhu huine chimiro chakafanana neicho chezvimwe zvipfuwo, zvinoita kuti zvive zvakasiyana zvakadini ukuru hwahwo maererano nekukura kwemuviri . Kuenzaniswa nekukura kwemitumbi yedu, vanhu vane hukuru hwakakura kupfuura dzimwe dzakawanda.
The Size of the Brain
- Maererano nehuwandu, huwandu hwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu hunorema muna 1300 kusvika ku 1400 magamu kana kusvika ma 3 pounds .
- Mukutaura kwehurefu, hupakati hwehupombwe hunenge makiromita gumi nemashanu kureba .
- Nokufananidza, uropi hwomwana hunoberekwa hunorema hunenge mazana matatu kusvika ku400 magmita kana kwemakiromita matatu epaundi.
- Varume vanowanzova nehukuru hwakanyanya kupfuura vakadzi. Mushure mokutora uwandu hwenyama huri munyaya, ubongo hwevarume hunowanzova anenge magiramu zana kupfuura vakadzi.
- Madzimai, zvikamu zvepamberi ye lobe uye limbic cortex (nzvimbo dzinobatanidza nekugadzirisa matambudziko uye mutemo mupfungwa, dzinowanzove dzakakura pane dzevarume.
- Mune varume, parietal cortex (inobatanidza nemanzwiro epakati) uye amygdala (inobatanidza nehutano hwevanhu uye zvepabonde) inowanzove yakakura kune yevakadzi.
- Neurons ndiyo zvivako zvinoshumira sezvivako zvehuropi uye nervous system. Vanotumira uye vanotakura mashoko, vachibvumira zvikamu zvakasiyana zveuropi kuti vataurirane pamwe chete nekubvumira uropi kutaurirana nemativi akasiyana emuviri. Vatsvakurudzi vanofungidzira kuti kune mazana ezviyoni mabhiriyoni neuroni muuropi hwevanhu .
Ubongo Hwakakura Hwakawanda Here?
Zviri pachena kuti havasi vanhu vose vane uropi hwakafanana. Zvimwe zvikuru, uye zvimwe zviduku. Iwe unogona kuzviwana uchishamisika kana hukuru hwehuropi hunogona kubatanidzwa kune zviito zvakadai sekuremara kana njere .
Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti pane dzimwe nguva ushu hweuropi hunogona kubatanidzwa kune dzimwe zvirwere kana kuti hutsika.
Semuenzaniso, vana ve autistic vanowanzova nehukuru hukuru (uye nepamusoro pekusawedzera kwehuropi hukura) kupfuura vana vasiri autistic. Ikoko hippocampus inowanzova duku muvanhu vakuru vakwegura vanotambura neAlzheimer's disease. Iyi nharaunda yeuropi yakanyatsobatanidzwa nekuyeuka .
Zvakadini neuchenjeri? Mhinduro yemubvunzo iwoyo inobva pane yaunokumbira. Maererano nekutsvakurudza kumwe kwezvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakatarisa nyaya iyi naMichael McDaniel weVirginia Commonwealth University, uhu hukuru hwakabatana nehuchenjeri hukuru.
Havasi vese vatsvakurudzi vanobvumirana nemafungiro aMcDaniel. Dzidzo dzakadaro dzinomutsawo mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro pokuti tinotsanangura sei nekuyera huchenjeri, zvisinei kuti tinofanira kufunga nezvekukura kwemuviri patinenge tichigadzira kuwirirana kwakadaro, uye zvikamu zvipi zvehuropi zvatinofanira kutarisa patinenge tichiita sarudzo dzakadaro.
Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti patinoona nezvekusiyana kwevanhu pakati pevanhu, kusiyana kwehuropi huri duku. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuchinja kana kutamba basa rinokosha zvinosanganisira kuwanda kweeuroni muuropi, zvemagariro evanhu uye zvetsika, uye mamwe maitiro akasiyana mukati meuropi.
References:
Hoag, H. (2008, July 19). Zvepabonde pauropi. New Scientist .
McDaniel, MA (2005). Vanhu vakukuru-brained vakachenjera: Meta-kuongorora hukama pakati pehupenyu hwehupi hwehuropi nehuchenjeri. Intelligence, 33 , 337-346.
Park, A. (2012, April 16). Uburu hukuru uye hukuru hweIQ hune humwe hutano hwakasiyana-siyana. Nguva . Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://healthland.time.com/2012/04/16/bigger-brain-and-higher-iq-linked-with-specific-genetic-variants/
Park, A. (2011, May 3). Ukuru hwebongo, kukura kwekutanga: Zviratidzo zvezvikonzero zveAustism. Nguva . Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://healthland.time.com/2011/05/03/brain-size-early-growth-clues-to-autisms-causes/
Schoenemann, PT (2008). Kukura kwehupfungwa uye kuumbwa kwemuviri mumakemikari. Ubongo, Maitiro, uye Evhangeri.