Interpersonal therapy (IPT) chirongwa chekurapa kune varwere vane kuora mwoyo kunotarisa pane zvekare uye zvemazuva ano masangano uye hukama hwevanhu. Munguva yekurapwa, murwere anowanzosarudza imwe kana mbiri nzvimbo dzine dambudziko mumararamiro emurwere iye zvino kuti atarise. Mienzaniso yenzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa inopesana neshamwari, mhuri kana vashandi pamwe chete, kushungurudzika uye kurasikirwa uye kuchinja kwezvinhu, zvakadai sekurega basa kana kurambana.
IPT hairi kuedza kuongorora mukati memukati mhirizhonga inokonzerwa nezvakaitika kare. Asi inoedza kubatsira murwere kuwana nzira dzakanakisisa dzokugadzirisa matambudziko aripo.
Chii Chinonzi Kuora Mwoyo?
Kuora mwoyo ndiko chirwere chepfungwa chinokonzera kunzwa kusuruvara kwekushungurudzika uye kurasikirwa kwechido. Uyewo unonzi guru kushushikana kwepfungwa kana kliniki yekuora mwoyo , inobata maonero aunofunga, kufunga uye kuzvibata uye unogona kutungamirira kune zvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfungwa uye zvepanyama. Iwe unogona kunge uine dambudziko kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva, uye dzimwe nguva unganzwa sokuti upenyu hahukodzeri kurarama.
Kuwedzera pane kungopedzisira kuitika, kuora mwoyo haisi utera uye haugoni "kungobuda". Kushungurudzika kunogona kutoda kurapwa kwenguva refu. Asi usaora mwoyo. Vanhu vazhinji vane kuora mwoyo vanonzwa zviri nani nemishonga , mazano ekufunga nezvepfungwa kana zvose.
Zvikamu zveUrongwa hweHurumende
Iko kune mazana maviri epa IPT. Rudzi rwekutanga runoshandiswa mukurapa kwenguva pfupi kwechiitiko chekuora mwoyo.
Murwere uye murwere anowanzosangana vhiki imwe neimwe kwemwedzi miviri kana mina uye kurapwa kunopera kana zviratidzo zvichinyanya. Rudzi rwechipiri nderekuchengetedza (IPT-M), iyo inogara kwenguva refu kurapwa nechinangwa chekudzivirira kana kuderedza nhamba yezviitiko zvekupedzisira zvekuora mwoyo. IPT-M inogona kunge iine masangano emwedzi nemwedzi pamusoro pemakore maviri kusvika matatu.
Zvimwe Zvipingamupinyi Zvipingamupinyi Zvitsva Zvinozivikanwa neHurumende Inopindira
IPT inotsanangura mana ematambudziko ematambudziko anokonzera kuora mwoyo. Murapi anobatsira murwere kuti aone kuti ndeipi iyo inonyanya kutungamirira kuora mwoyo uye kurapa inobva yatungamirirwa kubatsira murwere kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.
Izvo zvinetso zvina zvakakosha zvinzvimbo zvinozivikanwa nehutano hwevanhu vanoita:
- Kushungurudzika kusina kugadziriswa - Mukurasikirwa kwakasununguka, munhu anowanzotanga kudzokera kunowanzoshanda mumwedzi mishomanana. Kusagadziriswa kushungurudza kunowanzoshungurudza izvo zvinogona kunonoka uye ruzivo kwenguva refu mushure mekurasikirwa kana kukanganisa kushungurudzika, umo munhu wacho angave asina kunzwa manzwiro, asi pane zvaanoona zvimwe zviratidzo.
- Nharo dzepamberi - Nharo dzebasa dzinoitika apo murwere uye vanhu vanokosha muupenyu hwavo vane zvakasiyana zvakatarisana nezvehukama hwavo.
- Basa rekuchinja - Kuora mwoyo kunogona kuitika mukati mekuchinja kwehupenyu kana basa romunhu richichinja uye iye asingazivi nzira yekugadzirisa nayo shanduko.
- Kukanganisa kwevamwe - Iyi inogona kuva nzvimbo yekutarisa kana murwere aine matambudziko pakuumba nekuchengetedza hukama hwakanaka hwehukama.
Chii Chinonzi Utachiona Hwomunhu Akashandiswa?
IPT yakagadzirwa nokuda kwekurapa kuderedza uye kushanda kwayo kwechikumbiro ichi kwakatsigirwa nemamiriyoni makuru-scale randomized control trials.
Inogonawo kushandiswa sehutano hwemhuri kune avo vane matambudziko emhuri vanoita kuti vaore mwoyo. Nhoroondo ine chokuita nekubudirira kwayo mukurapa bulimia nervosa "inononoka asi ichivimbisa," maererano neThe International Society for Interpersonal Psychotherapy. Mukuwedzera, data yekutanga inoratidza kuti inogona kushandiswa mukurapa kushushikana kwevechiri kuyaruka, dysthymic disorder , bipolar disorder uye postpartum depression.
References:
"Utano hweHurumende". The Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders . Ellen Thackery, ed. Gale Group, Inc., 2003. eNotes.com. 2006.
"Utano Hwokurapa - An Overview." International Society for Interpersonal Psychotherapy Web Site . International Society for Interpersonal Psychotherapy.
Jacobson, James L., uye Alan M. Jacobson. Psychiatric Secrets . 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Hanley & Belfus, Inc., 2001.
Mayo Clinic. Kuora mwoyo (Major Depression Disorder). http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/basics/definition/con-20032977