Kuchengetedza Kushungurudzika Kwemagariro evanhu neInterpersonal Therapy
Interpersonal therapy (IPT) chirongwa chekurapa kwevhiki 12 kusvika ku16 chakatanga kugadziriswa. IPT yakasikwa naGerald Klerman naMyrna Weissman muma1980. Mushonga wacho wakanyatsorongeka uye unotarisa pamusoro pehutano hwemagariro ehutano hwekusawirirana nekuvandudzika kwebasa rinoshanda.
Kurapa kwevamwe vanhu kwakaratidzwawo zvinobudirira mukurapwa kwezvinetso zvekudya uye bipolar disorder .
Sezvo chikamu chimwe chetatu chevarwere vane chirwere chekunyanya kushungurudzika kwevanhu (SAD) hazvipinduri nemishonga kana kugadzirisa-maitiro-behavioral therapy (CBT) , uye nekuda kwehupenyu hweSAD, IPT iko zvino inofungidzirwa seimwe nzira inogona kurapa kurapa.
Zvikamu zveInterpersonal Therapy
IPT kazhinji inopfuurira kuburikidza nemitatu yakasiyana-siyana inosanganisira vhiki yega yega zvirwere.
- Chikamu 1: Zvidzidzo 1 - 3
Panguva yechikamu chekutanga, mushonga wako achacherechedza nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana muupenyu hwako dzinoda kutarisirwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira nhoroondo inoratidzira hukama hwose hukuru muhupenyu hwako, uye nheyo dzepamusoro dzezvinetso zvevamwe, zvakadai sekudzivirirwa mune zvemagariro kana kusingabatsiri .
- Chikamu 2: Misangano 4 - 14
Murapi wako achagadzirisa matambudziko muhukama hwako.
- Chikamu chechitatu: Zvidzidzo 15 - 16
Muchikamu chekupedzisira, mushonga wako achakurukura uye oongororazve kufambira mberi kwako uye anokugadzirira iwe kuguma kwerapi.
Nzvimbo dzekupindira
Muchikamu chePT chekuora mwoyo, nzvimbo nhatu dzinowanzotariswa panguva yekurapa: kukakavadzana kwevanhu, kushanduka kwebasa, kushungurudzika, uye kukanganisa kwevanhu. Pasi pane zvinhu zvinokosha munharaunda imwe neimwe.
- Kuwirirana kwevamwe: Murapi wako achaona zvinetso nekukurukurirana uye anokudzidzisa mazano ekugadzirisa matambudziko ehukama hwako.
- Basa rekushandura: Murapi wako achakubatsira kuwana mhinduro yekugadzirisa matambudziko mukugadzirisa mamiriro matsva.
- Kushungurudzika: Kana kushungurudzika pamusoro pekufa kana imwe kurasikirwa kwakabatanidzwa mumatambudziko ako, ichaongororwa.
- Kukanganiswa kwevamwe: Murapi wako achakubatsira kuona zvinetso nenzira yaunofanirana nevamwe. Kana iwe usiri kukama hukama pakati pehupenyu hwako, mushandi wako achashandisa ukama pakati pako sechikonzero chekuongorora matambudziko, uye achakubatsira iwe kudzidza kudzidzira hukama hutsva.
Interpersonal Therapy Techniques
Nzira dzepamusoro dze IPT dzinogamuchirwa kubva kune dzimwe mishonga, dzakadai sepanotheran psychotherapy uye CBT. Zvimwe zvehutano hunoshandiswa nemudzidzisi we IPT dzinosanganisira kujekesa, kuteerera, kutsigira, kutaurirana, uye kukurudzira kuita.
IPT uye Social Anxiety Disorder
Kutsvakurudza mukushandiswa kwe IPT neSAD kuchiri mucheche. Muchidzidzo chechidiki chevashandi vanomwe vane SAD, 78% vakaverengwa sekuve nehuwandu kana huwandu hunovandudzwa zviratidzo mushure mekurapwa ne IPT. Varwere vakapawo mienzaniso yakanakira yekuchinja kwakanaka mushure mekurapa, zvakadai sekuwana basa idzva, kudzokera kuchikoro, kana kufambidzana.
Mukuongorora kwakakosha, IPT yakawanikwa kuratidza mhinduro dzakanakisisa dzeSAD kupfuura psychodynamic psychotherapy, asi zvishoma zvishoma zvakaenzaniswa neCBCT.
IPT yeSAD yakave yakambotambidzwa kuburikidza nemichina (mIPT); zvisinei, zvitsva zvinoratidza kuti IPT yakaburitswa mumhando iyi yekuzvidzivirira maitiro isinganyanyi kuenzaniswa neyemCBT.
Kunyange zvazvo IPT ichiita sechivimbiso sekurapa kweSAD, kutsvakurudza kwakawanda kunodiwa. Kunyanya, vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti IPT inogona kudikanwazve kuchinjwa kuti iite zvinoshanda kune zvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo.
Uri kuwana IPT yekushungurudzika kwevanhu here? Kakawanda, haigoni kukuvadza uye inogona kubatsira. Zvisinei, zvinoratidzika kuti kana ukapiwa sarudzo pakati pe CBT kana IPT, wakapa uchapupu huripo huripo, iwe unofanirwa kuenda munzira ye CBT.
Sources:
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Lipsitz JD, Markowitz JC, Cherry S, Fyer AJ. Vhura muedzo wehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwemagariro evanhu. American Journal of Psychiatry . 1999; 156: 1814-1816.
Markowitz JC, Lipsitz J, Milrod BL. Chirwere chinokonzera kuguma kutsvaga tsvakurudzo panyaya dzehutano hwepfungwa nokuda kwehutano hwekuzvidya mwoyo. Deredza Kushushikana. 2014; 31 (4): 316-25.
Robertson M, Rushton P, Wurm C. Kukurukurirana kwePsychotherapy: An Overview . Yakasvika paFebruary 26, 2016.