Sezvo isu tose tinokanganiswa nehupfumi hwekuchinja, vazhinji vedu tiri kushanda zvakaoma kudarika kare kare uye tinonzwa takashanda zvakawanda semugumisiro. Asi kune vamwe, chido chekushanda zvakawedzera chinowedzera kupfuura kungodiwa chete kubhadhara zvikwereti-vamwe vakagadzirirwa kushanda.
Work Addiction
Kushanda kunetseka, kana kushandiswa kwepfungwa, kwakatanga kushandiswa kurondedzera chikonzero chisingadzorwiki chekushanda nguva dzose.
Munhu anotambudzika ndiye munhu anotambura nechiitiko ichi. Kunyangwe chirevo chinogamuchirwa uye chinogamuchirwa munharaunda yakakurumbira, uye pasinei nekuvapo kwemakore makumi mana emabhuku pamusoro pehurukuro, kushandiswa kwemishonga hakusi mamiriro ezvinhu ehutano anozivikanwa zvakananga kana kuti chirwere chepfungwa pakuti hachiratidziri mune shanduro yezvino yeChirwere uye Statistical Manual ye Mental Disorders ( DSM ), DSM-V.
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvekusaziva kwekushanda kwebasa ndechokuti basa-kunyange basa rakawandisa-rinowanzofungidzirwa semunhu akanaka pane chinetso. Kushanda zvakawandisa kunokomborerwa, zvose zvemari uye tsika, uye zvinogona kutungamirira kumushandi kuonekwa nenzira yakajeka nenzira dzakasiyana. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwebasa kunogona kuva dambudziko rechokwadi uye rinogona kukanganisa kushanda uye hukama, nenzira dzakafanana kune zvimwe zvinodhaka.
Chikonzero chepakutanga izwi rokuti "workaholic" rakagadzirwa raiva kuratidza kufanana kwebasa rekudhakwa nekudhakwa, uye izvi zvingangodaro zvakarurama kudarika pfungwa yakawanda yokuti mumwe munhu anoshanda zvakawandisa ndiye munhu ane hanya uye ane tsika.
Matambudziko Akabatanidzwa Nebasa Rokuita
Kunyange zvazvo basa rakawandisa rinowanzotarisirwa uye rakapiwa mubayiro, kune matambudziko anowanikwa nebasa rinodhaka.
Sezvimwe nezvimwe zvinodhaka, kushandiswa kwemishonga kunokonzerwa nekukamanikidzwa, kwete nehupenyu hunozadzika hunozivikanwa pakati pevanhu vanongotanga kushanda nesimba nekuzvitsaurira mubasa ravo, kana vanhu vakanyatsozvipira kumabasa avo sechivako .
Kutaura zvazviri, vanhu vanogumburwa kushanda mumishonga vanogona kunge vasina kufara uye vakaora mwoyo nebasa, vangave vaine hanya zvikuru nebasa, vanganzwa vasingagoni kudzora chido chavo chekushanda, uye vanogona kupedza nguva yakawanda, simba, uye kushanda pabasa kuti inokanganisa ukama husina basa-uye mabasa kunze kwebasa.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Pasinei nezvinetso pakutsanangura zvakajeka basa rekuita zvinodhaka, zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutanoholism zvakaonekwa. Dzinosanganisira:
- Kuwedzerwa kubatikana kusina kuwedzera mukubudirira
- Kunyanya kufunga pamusoro pekuti ungasununguka sei nguva yakawanda yebasa
- Kutora nguva yakawanda kushanda pane yakarongwa
- Kushandisa zvakawandisa kwebasa kuti urambe uchizvikoshesa
- Kushanda kuderedza kunzwa manzwiro, kuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo, kana kusava netariro
- Kunyatsoteerera mazano kana zvikumbiro zvevamwe kuti vadzike pabasa
- Dambudziko rehukama hunokonzerwa nokushanda zvakawandisa kana kufungisisa nebasa
- Matambudziko ehutano anokonzerwa nebasa rinokonzerwa nebasa uye / kana kushanda zvakanyanya
- Kushandisa basa senzira yekugadzirisa nayo, kupukunyuka, kana kuderedza manzwiro
- Kukudziridza kushivirira kushanda, saka unoda kushanda zvakawanda kuti uwane zvakafanana
- Kunyanya kushungurudzika kana ukadziviswa kushanda kana kuona kubviswa kana iwe usingashandisi
- Kudzokerazve kubasa zvakanyanya paunoedza uye kuderedza kana kumira
Izvi zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvekushanda kwemishonga zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda nezvimwe zvinodhakwa, kunyanya zvimwe zvido zvekuzvibata, umo kuzvipira kune chiito kana mufambiro kunowedzera kukosha, uye kunowedzera dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokosha dzehupenyu uye hukama.
Ko Kana Ndichinge Ndapindwa Muropa Nokushanda?
Kana iwe uchifunga kuti unogona kunge uri mishonga yekushanda , edza kutora nguva uye ona kuti unonzwa sei. Kana iwe usingakwanisi kuchinja kubva pakufunga nezvebasa, uye kana iwe uchiona kuti uri kupukunyuka mubasa kuti udzivise mamwe mabasa kana kuti manzwiro asinganzwisisiki, unogona kubatsirwa nekurapa kubva kune unyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa.
Kunyangwe iwe usingakwanisi kuwana basa remishonga yekurapa, mamwe maitiro anoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvimwe zvinodhaka zvinogona kushandiswa kubatsira kutonga mararamiro ekurwisa.
Sources:
Andreassen, CS., Griffiths, MD., Hetland, J., naPallesen, S. Kuvandudzwa kwebasa rekuita zvinodhaka. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 53: 265-272. 2012.
Andreassen, C., Ursin, H., Eriksen, H. Ukama huri pakati peshumo yakasimba yekushanda, "workaholism," uye utano. Psychology uye Utano 22: 615-629. 2007.
Bakker, A., Demerouti, E., naBurke, R. Workaholism uye ukama hwehukama: Maonero ekuputira. Nyaya ye Occupational Health Psychology 14: 23-33. 2009.
Shifroni, R. & Reysen, R. Workaholism: Kutsiva kushanda. Zvinyorwa zveMunhu mumwechete Psychology 67: 136-146. 2011.
Wojdylo, K., Baumann, N., Buczny, J., Owens, G., Kuhl, J. Kushuva basa: Kufunga uye kuenzanisa. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 35: 547-568. 2013.