Zvichida Kunwa Nezvinodhaka, Kudzidza Kunoti
Zvichida hazvishamisi kuti vechidiki nevechidiki vanoita zvepabonde vakawanda vane mikana yekuwedzera kushungurudzwa kwezvinodhaka kupfuura avo vasina kumboita zvepabonde nevanhu vanopfuura mumwe chete.
Chingakushamisa iwe kuti izvi ndezvechokwadi kune vakadzi kunze kwevarume.
Asi, ndizvo chaizvo zvitsvakurudzo zvinotitaurira. Chimwe chekutsvakurudza kukuru kwevanhu vakawanda vanoita zvepabonde uye kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kwakaitwa paYunivhesiti yeManchester neDonna E.
Howard neshamwari. Chidzidzo chacho chaitaura nezvevasikana vechidiki vanosvika 3 288 vakanga vachiita zvepabonde.
Pakati pevaya vanoyaruka vane ruzivo rwepabonde, 24% vakashuma pasina varoorana zvepabonde mumwedzi mitatu yapfuura, inenge 63 muzana yakanga ine yega uye 13 muzana yaiva nevakadzi vaviri kana kupfuura vanoita zvepabonde.
Kushungurudzwa Kwemishonga Uye Zvimwe Zvimwe Zvinetso Zvinokuvadza
Chidzidzo chacho chakawana kuti vasikana vanoita zvepabonde nevanodarika mumwe chete munguva shomanana vanogona kupinda mune dzimwe nzira dzengozi dzakadai sokurwisana, kunwa doro, kusvuta fodya , vachishandisa cocaine kana kunyorera glue .
Kuita zvepabonde nevakawanda vanowedzera hutachiwana hwepamuviri, zvirwere zvepabonde uye zvinokonzera kukanganisa utano hwekubereka, Maryland inowanikwa. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti vasikana vari kutanga kuita zvepabonde pazera remakore, uye kutanga kunotanga kuita zvepabonde kazhinji kunotungamirira kune vazhinji vanoita zvepabonde maitiro.
Kunze kwokurwisana, kunwa uye kushandisa zvinodhaka, vasikana vane vanhu vakawanda vane zvepabonde vaigonawo kunge vaine zvepabonde zvisina kudzivirirwa pakupedzisira pavakaita zvepabonde, chimwe chiito chinokuvadza chinokonzera njodzi dzepabonde nevakawanda.
Kunwa Kunwa Kwevamwe Vazhinji Here?
Zvinofadza, kuongorora kwaHoward kwakawana kuti sezvo vechidiki vachiri kuyaruka vakatanga kukanganisa avo vanoita zvepabonde. Vane nhamba yepfumbamwe vakarondedzera huwandu huwandu hwepabonde hwekuita zvepabonde, asi nhamba yevakaroorana navo yakaderera nekuda kwevasikana muzana rechi11 ne12.
Kune kumwe kusabvumirana pakati pevanotsvakurudza pamusoro pekuti kuva nevarume vakawanda vanoita zvepabonde chinhu chinokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kwekushandisa kwekushandisa zvinodhaka , kana kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kunowedzera mikana yekuita zvepabonde nevakawanda pamwe navo.
Kufanana Nengozi Kutora
Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza ukama hwakafanana mumharadzano dzese, kuti nekunowedzera uye kunwa doro, kune mikana yakawanda yekutora njodzi, kusanganisira kuva nevarume vakawanda vanoita zvepabonde.
Chimwe chekudzidza chemashure makumi mashanu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu mumakore gumi nemasere akawana kuti kushandiswa kwewaini "kwaiva chiratidzo chinotungamirira chekuchinja kune vakawanda vanoita zvepabonde munguva yevechiri kuyaruka." Asi, iyo nzira yakatarisa yakanga isina kuwanikwa - kuva nevakabatana vakawanda zvepabonde kwakanga kusina kubatana nekuwedzera doro kushandiswa .
Kwete Link yeDambudziko rekuora mwoyo, Kufunganya
Zvisinei, chidzidzo chenguva refu cheNew Zealand chakaongorora hukama huripo pakati pehuwandu hwepabonde huri pakati pemakore matatu (18-20, 21-25, uye 26-32 makore) uye kuongororwa kwekuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, uye kuzvidya mwoyo kwezvinhu zvinosvika 21, 26, uye makore 32.
Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti nhamba inowedzera yevabonde yepabonde yaibatanidza ne "kukura kunokurumidza" mune zvekupedzisira kudengenyeka kwezvinhu zvinokonzera, kunyanya kuvakadzi. Kune rumwe rutivi, hapana maitiro akasagadzikana akawanikwa aine hutambudziro kana kuti kuora mwoyo pane imwe nguva.
Nei Kuita Zvepabonde Kunobatana Nokushungurudzwa Kwezvinhu?
Vatsvakurudzi vakafunga nezvechikonzero chokuti kuva nevanowanzoita zvepabonde zvingave zvakabatanidzwa mukugadzirisa zvinetso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka zvekare. Heano zvimwe zvezviitiko:
- Kuisa panjodzi dzepabonde kutora uye kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka ndizvo zvinowanzoisa pangozi-kutora mafambiro mukuyaruka uye kuve munhu mukuru.
- Mikana yekushandisa zvinodhaka ndiwo mikana yekuita zvepabonde nekuda kwekudzivisa zvirwere uye kuderedzwa kuona kwehuwandu.
- Vanhu vanowanzosangana nevanhu vatsva vepabonde mumamiriro ezvinhu umo doro rinoshandiswa uye doro rinogona kuita kuti pave nekubatana nevamwe.
- Chimwe chinhu pamusoro pekuita zvepabonde kakawanda pachako pachako kunoisa vanhu pangozi yekusawirirana kwezvinodhaka.
Vatsvakurudzi vanofungidzira kuti inogona kunge isiri yevanhu vasina hukama hukama hunoita kuti gare gare kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka. Kana kuti, vanoti, zvichida kuva nehukama hwakakundikana hunoita kuti tive nemafungiro ekushandisa zvinodhaka zvinowanzoitika.
Sources:
Cornelius JR, et al. "Kukura kwekutanga kwepabonde uye kubatana nevezera risina maturo kunofanotaura kufambiswa kweSUD: chinotarisira kudzidza kwenguva refu." Addictive Behavior April 2007
Dogan SJ et al. "Kubudirira hukama uye mararamiro ekushandura pakati pekushandisa doro uye vakawanda vanoita zvepabonde kubva paudiki kuburikidza nekukura." Developmental Psychology November 2010
Howard, DE, uye al. "Maitiro Akawanda Okuita Zvepabonde-Kuita Zvepabonde Pakati Pepabonde Nesimba US Vechidiki Vana Vasikana." American Journal of Health Behavior January 2004
Ramrakha, S et al. "Ukama Pakati Pakati Pevanhu Vakawanda Vokuita Zvepabonde Uye Kuzvidya Mwoyo, Kushungurudzika, uye Zvirwere Zvokutendeseka Zvidzidzo: Chidzidzo Cheboka." Archives of Sexual Behavior February 2013