Fromm yaizivikanwa nekupikisa dzidziso yeSigmund Freud.
Erich Fromm akanga ari muGermany wepfungwa dzepabonde uye psychoanalyst, uyo akabatanidzwa neFrankfurt School yekutsoropodza dzidziso. Akanga akazivikanwa nekuvandudza pfungwa yokuti rusununguko rwaive chikamu chekuita kwevanhu, uye kupikisa pfungwa dzeSigmund Freud.
Fromm akanga ari mwana akaberekwa nevabereki veOrthodox vechiJudha muFrankfurt musi waMarch 23, 1900.
Iye aizotevera anotsanangura huduku hwake se "zvikuru neurotic." Pazera remakore gumi nemashanu, Fromm yakanyanyiswa zvikuru nekutanga kweHondo Yenyika I uye yakatanga kufarira zvakasimba mufambiro wemapoka . Akatanga kutsvaga mhinduro dzemibvunzo yake mune zvinyorwa zvevanyori vaisanganisira Sigmund Freud naKar Marx.
Akaenderera mberi kudzidza dzidzo yehutano paYunivhesiti yeHeidelberg, achiwana chikoro chake muna 1922 pasi pekutariswa kwaAlfred Weber. Muna 1924, akatanga kudzidza psychoanalysis paYunivhesiti yeFrankfurt asati atamira kuBerlin Institute of Psychoanalysis. Muna 1926, akaroora Freida Reichmann, mukadzi ane makore gumi mukuru wake uyo akambove aAm's psychoanalyst. Muchato wacho wakapera pashure pemakore mana.
Fromm's Career
Muhupenyu hwake hwose, Fromm akachengetedza basa rakabatikana iro raisanganisira nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekudzidzisa pamwe nekudhinda mabhuku akawanda uye kuita zvemakiriniro ake oga.
Fromm akabatsira kuwana Frankfurt Psychoanalytic Institute, kwaakadzidza kubva muna 1929 kusvika muna 1932. Mushure mekunge vaNazi vauya simba, Institute yakaendeswa kuGeneva, kuSwitzerland uye gare gare kuenda Columbia Columbia kuNew York.
Mushure mekusimuka kuUnited States, Fromm inodzidziswa kune zvikoro zvakawanda kusanganisira New School for Social Research, Columbia, uye Yale.
Kushora kwake kwemashoko aSigmund Freud akatanga kumuisa mukupesana nemamwe psychoanalysts, uye muna 1944 New York Psychoanalytic Institute yakamurambidza kubva pakatarisa vadzidzi.
Fromm akaroorazve muna 1944, akava mugari weUnited States uye akatamira kuMexico achivimba nekuderedza chirwere chake chechipiri. Akatanga kudzidzisa pa National Autonomous University yeMexico muna 1949 uye akaenderera mberi kushanda ikoko kusvikira apedza basa mu1955. Mushure mokufa kwomudzimai wake muna 1952, Fromm akasika Mexican Institute of Psychoanalysis ndokuramba achishanda semutungamiriri wayo kusvikira muna 1976. Akawana zvakarezve muna 1953 uye akapfuurira kudzidzisa muMexico. Akadzidzisawo kune dzimwe zvikoro kusanganisira Michigan State University uye New York University.
Fromm akatamira kuMexico City kuenda kuMuralto, Switzerland muna 1974, kwaakagara kusvikira afa muna 1980.
Contributions to Psychology
Nhasi, Erich Fromm anowanzoonekwa somumwe wevanyori vanokosha kupfuura mamwe ose ezana remakore rechi20. Kunyange zvazvo Freud aive nemafungiro ake pakutanga, Fromm akazova chikamu cheboka rainzi neo-Freudians iro raisanganisira Karen Horney naCarl Jung . Kubvira kwaive kunotsvaga pfungwa dzakawanda dzeFrud, kusanganisira dambudziko reOedipus , hupenyu nehupenyu hwekufa uye dzidziso ye libido.
Fromm aidavira kuti hutsika uye tsika zvakakoshawo basa rinokosha mukukura kwevanhu.
"Basa guru rehupenyu muhupenyu nderekuzvara iye pachake, kuva izvo zvaanogona kuita. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chekuedza kwake unhu hwake." - Munhu Yega , 1947.
Kubvira kunewo zvakakosha zvikuru pamagariro evanhu . Akatenda hupenyu hwakanga hwakapesana sezvo vanhu vose vari chikamu chezvisikwa uye vakasiyana nacho. Kubva pakurwisana uku kunobuda zvinokosha zvekushaiwa izvo zvinosanganisira kuwirirana, zvisikwa, midzi, huzivi uye chimiro chekutungamira, maererano neKubva.
Kubva pabasa rake pachake, Tom aizotsanangura zvakare, "Ndaida kunzwisisa mitemo inotungamira hupenyu hwomurume mumwe nomumwe, uye mitemo yevanhu-iyo, yevanhu mune hupenyu hwavo.
Ndakaedza kuona chokwadi chisingaperi mumafungiro aFrud sekupokana nemaonero aya aida kubvunzwa. Ndakaedza kuita zvakafanana nemafungiro aMarx, uye pakupedzisira, ndakaedza kusvika pane imwechete yakatevera kubva pakunzwisisa nekutsoropodza kwevadzidzi vose. "
Selected Publications
- Pukunyuka Rusununguko, 1941
- Munhu wega, 1947
- Psychoanalysis uye Chitendero, 1950
- The Sane Society, 1955
- Unyanzvi Hwokuda, 1956
- The Heart of Man, 1964
- Mhando Yevanhu, 1968
- Anatomy of Human Destructive, 1979
- The Art of Being, 1993
- On Being Human, 1997
References
Fromm, E. (1947) Munhu Kwaiye. Anobvunzurudza mukati mehupfungwa yehutsika. Greenwich, Conn: Fawcett Premier.
Fromm, E. (1962). Pasi pemaketani ekunyengera: ndinosangana naMarx na Freud. New York: Simon uye Schuster.
Funk, R. (1999) Erich Fromm's Life and Work, erichfromm.org, http://www.erichfromm.de/english/life/life_bio2.html
Smith, MK (2002) 'Erich Fromm: kuparadzanisa, kuva uye dzidzo' encyclopedia yekusadzidzisa dzidzo, http://www.infed.org/thinkers/fromm.htm