Industrial-organizational psychology ndiro bazi rezvepfungwa rinoshandisa pfungwa dzepfungwa uye mazano kumasangano. Kazhinji inonzi iO psychology, iyi inotarisa kuwedzera kwekushanda kwebasa kune dzimwe nzvimbo uye nyaya dzakabatana dzakadai sehutano hwepanyama uye hwepfungwa dzevashandi. Industrial-organizational psychologists vanoita mabasa akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kudzidza mafungiro evanoita uye maitiro, kuongorora makambani, uye kutungamira hutungamiri .
Icho chinangwa chikuru chebasa iri ndechekudzidza uye kunzwisisa maitiro evanhu panzvimbo yebasa.
Izvozvo Zvisingaiti zveIO Psychology
Iwe unogona kufunga nezvemaindasitiri-sangano rezvemagariro evanhu seine maviri makuru makuru. Kutanga, kune rumwe rutivi rwemabhizimisi, urwo runosanganisira kutarisa kuti ungakwanisa sei kutarisana nevamwe kune mamwe mabasa emabasa. Ichi chikamu cheIO psychology chinowanzonziwo sevashandi vepfungwa.
Vanhu vanoshanda munzvimbo ino vanogona kuongorora vashandi vemuitiro uye vagofananidza vanhu ava kumabasa avanogona kuita zvakanaka. Mimwe mabasa inowira pamativi emabhizimisi eIO psychology inosanganisira vashandi vekudzidzisa, kusimbisa mabasa ekushanda kwemaitiro, uye kuenzanisa kushanda kwebasa.
Chikamu chehurongwa chepfungwa chinonyanya kuisa pakunzwisisa kuti masangano anobata sei maitiro evanhu. Masangano ehurongwa, tsika dzezvemagariro evanhu, maitiro ekutarisa, uye zvinotarisirwa ndezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa maitiro anoita vanhu mukati me sangano.
Nokunzwisisa zvinhu zvakadaro, IO magweta epfungwa anofunga kuvandudza hutano hwevanhu uye hutano panguva imwe chete vachibatsira sangano rose.
Yakasiyana Sei?
Kunyange zvazvo hupfumi-sangano rezvepfungwa inoshandiswa mumunda, kushandiswa kwemashoko ezvinyorwa kunokosha zvakare. Ne midzi mukuongorora kwepfungwa, IO inyanzvi yepfungwa ine nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai sekubatana kwevanhu-kombiyuta, zvepfungwa dzevanhu , uye zvinhu zvevanhu .
Nhanhatu Zvikamu Zvikuru
Maererano nebhuku raMininsky, "Psychology Applied to Work: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology," vazhinji vanoita zvemagetsi-masangano epfungwa vanoita mune imwe yezvitanhatu zvidzidzo zvikuru:
- Kudzidziswa uye kubudirira: Vashandi munharaunda ino vanowanzoziva kuti ndeapi hutano hunokosha kuti huite mabasa chaiwo uyewo nekuvandudza nekuongorora maitiro ekurovedza basa.
- Kusarudzwa kwevashandi : Nharaunda iyi inosanganisira kuwedzera kuongorora kusarudzwa kwevashandi, zvakadai sekuongorora miedzo kuti vaone kana vashandi vebasa vanofanirwa pane imwe nzvimbo.
- Ergonomics: Munda we ergonomics unosanganisira kugadzira nzira uye zvishandiso zvakagadzirirwa kuita kuti basa riwedzere uye kuderedza dambudziko.
- Kutungamirirwa kwehutano: IO psychologists vanoshanda munharaunda iyi vanokudziridza kuongorora uye maitiro kuti vaone kana vashandi vachiita mabasa avo zvakanaka.
- Kushanda hupenyu: Iyi nharaunda inotarisa kuvandudza kushandira kwevashandi uye kuwedzera kuwanda kwevashandi. IO nyanzvi dzepfungwa munzvimbo iyi inogona kushanda kuwana nzira dzekuita mabasa mamwe anobudirira kana zvirongwa zvekugadzirisa izvo zvinovandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu munzvimbo yebasa.
- Kuvandudza sangano: IO psychologists vanoshanda munharaunda ino vanobatsira kuvandudza masangano, kazhinji kuburikidza kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekuwedzera, kugadzirisa zvinhu, nekuvandudza sangano rehurongwa.
Vanhu Vakakosha muIO Psychology History
- Hugo Münsterberg
- Frederick W. Taylor
- Robert Yerkes
- James McKeen Cattell
- Elton Mayo
- Kurt Lewin
Ndiani Anofanira Kudzidza Industrial-Organisational Psychology?
Vadzidzi vanofarira kushandisa mazano epfungwa kumunhu chaiye-nyika inofanirwa kufungidzira mafashoni-masangano epfungwa. Kana uine chido chakasimba pakupfungwa kwepfungwa uyewo nyaya dzakabatana dzakadai sekugadzirwa kwemagetsi, makombiyuta, nhamba uye unyanzvi, iyi inogona kuva munda wakakodzera kwauri.
Major Topics
- Product design
- Kuedza kwevashandi
- Utungamiri
- Kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana
- Kubasa kwebasa
- Mushandiradzi anokurudzira
Careers
Kufarira mune zvemabhizimusi-masangano epfungwa yepfungwa yakakura. Bhizinesi reUnited States of Labor Statistics rakafanotaura kuti IO inyanzvi yepfungwa yaizove imwe yezvokukurira zvakanyanya kukura, uye mibairo yave ichikwira kupfuura 10 muzana pagore.
Maererano nehuwandu hwemabasa kubva kuBore of Labor Statistics, zvinorehwa mubhadharo wegore negore weIO psychologists kubva muna May 2016 waiva $ 104,570. Pasi 10 kubva muzana yeIO dzepfungwa dzepfungwa dzakagamuchira madhora 52,950 uye 10% yepamusoro yakawana mavhareji e $ 184,380, ane mubayiro wegore rose we $ 82,760
Sezvimwe nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana, mubhadharo husiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira nzvimbo, nzvimbo yezvidzidzo, nzvimbo yebasa, uye makore ane ruzivo mumunda. Vanhu vane tenzi kana chiremba yechikoro vanorairawo mari yepamusoro yemari.
Nenzira yakawanda, avo vari mumaguta makuru vachawana mikana yakawanda yemabasa pamwe chete nemisha yepamusoro, kunyange zvazvo zvikomborero zvakadaro zvinowanzosangana nemari yakakwirira yekurarama. Nyika dzinoshandisa iyo yeIO yepamusoro pepfungwa dzepfungwa inosanganisira Virginia, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Missouri, uye New Jersey. Vashandi vanoshanda muVirginia vakawana avhareji ye $ 120,260, apo avo vakashanda muMassachusetts vakagamuchira mavhareji $ 84,550.
Dhipatimendi reUnited States of Labor rinoshuma kuti mubhadharowo unopesana zvakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nemashandisirwo ayo mashandisirwo emagetsi-masangano epfungwa anoshandiswa. Zvinorehwa mubhadharo wegore negore kumakambani akasiyana-siyana ndeaya:
- Svesheni Inotsvakurudza Nekugadzirwa Kwemashoko: $ 123,290
- Kutungamira, Scientific, uye Technical Consulting Services: $ 98,600
- Hurumende Yehurumende: $ 78,340
- Makoroji, Masayunivhesiti, uye Professional School: $ 67,250
> Sources
- > Bureau of Labor Statistics. Industrial-Organisational Psychologists. Occupational Employment Statistics.
- > Hockenbury SE, Hockenbury DH. Kuziva Psychology . New York: Worth Worth Publishers; 2016.
- > Muchinsky PM. Psychology Inoshandiswa Kubasa: Nheyo yeZveshu neHurumende Psychology . Summerfield (NC): Hypergraphic Press; 2009.