Pane kazhinji kacho kunoputika apo munhu waunoda anoshandisa doro
Ichokwadi-nyika inoshandiswa yekudhakwa zvisina kufanira inosvika kure kupfuura mari yemari. Kana munhu waunoda ane dambudziko nedoro, zvinogona kukanganisa imba yavo uye mhuri yavo yakareba. Panewo hutano hukuru munharaunda, zvikoro, nzvimbo yebasa, hurongwa hwehutano hwehutano uye kuvanhu vose.
Vanenge mamiriyoni 14 vanhu muUnited States vanosangana nemirairo yekudhakwa kwekushandisa doro nekudhakwa kunobatanidzwa mukufa kwevanopfuura 88 000 pagore.
Asi hazvirevi kuti vanhu vane doro rekudhakwa vane chinetso chikuru pane izvi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinopfuura 75 kubva muzana zvezvinodhaka zvekudhakwa zvakanyanya muUnited States zvinokonzerwa nekudhakwa , uye vazhinji vanonwa doro havasi ivo vanodhakwa-doro.
Mari Inokonzerwa Nekudhakwa Doro
Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), mari yekudhakwa kunodhaka muUnited States inopfuura $ 200 mabhiriyoni gore negore. Zvinopfuura makumi manomwe kubva muzana zvezvo zvinonzi kunwa doro , zvinotsanangurwa sechina kana kupfuura zvinwiwa zvinodhaka pane imwe nguva yevakadzi kana mashanu kana zvimwe zvinwiwa pane imwe nguva yevarume.
ICDC inofungidzira kuti 40 muzana yemari yekudhakwa kunodhaka inobhadharwa nehurumende, hurumende, uye hurumende.
Mari yacho yakaenda kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana zvekubhadhara, uye yakakura zvikuru chunk ichienda kune yakarasikirwa nehuwandu hwemabasa. Kurapa kwehutano, kuparwa kwemhosva uye kushandiswa kwemitemo, uye kuputika kwemotokari kwaivewo pakati pezvinodhura zvinodhaka zvinodhaka.
Iko CDC inofungidzira kuti nhamba idzi dzose dzinofungidzirwa nokuti kubatwa kwewaini mukurwara, kukuvadzwa, uye rufu haisi nguva dzose kana kuwanikwa. Izvi nhamba hazvirevi zvimwe zvirwere zvehutano uye zvepfungwa zvinokonzerwa nekushandisa doro zvisina kufanira.
Zvimwewo hazvina kuiswa mumatare aya ndezvamazuva ekushanda izvo nhengo dzemhuri dzisipo nekuda kwezvinetso zvewaini zvemudiwa.
Nheyo dzehutano hwekudhakwa doro
Doro inoshandiswa inokonzerwa nehutachiona muzvirwere zvisingaverengeki nemamiriro ezvinhu makumi maviri nemashanu, uye doro rinobatsira zvikuru mune mamwe marariya, mamiriro ekurapa, uye zvirwere zvakawanda zvepfungwa uye zvekudya. Uyezve, kunwa doro kunogona kuwedzera mungozi yehuga, chirwere, uye chirwere chemwoyo.
Ruzhinji rwemari inofungidzirwa $ 28 mabhiriyoni anoshandiswa gore rega rega pahutano hwehutano hwakabatana hunoenda kune kurapwa kwekukuvadza kunokonzerwa newaini uye kwete.
Doro-Yakabatana Kuzvikudza uye Chisimba
Pamwe nekukuvadza kusingarangariri, doro rinobatsira zvikuru mukukuvadzwa nemaune nekuda kwemhirizhonga uye chisimba. Doro rakabatanidzwa kumhirizhonga yemumuviri neongororo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutsvakurudza.
Pamusoro pehutano hwehutano hwehutano hunosangana nechisimba huchida muUnited States, mari inofungidzirwa gore negore kururamisiro yehurumende kune imwe inofungidzirwa $ 25 mabhiriyoni.
Dambudziko reInoro kuMhuri
Kuchinja kwevanhu munharaunda yekudhakwa kwekudhakwa ndeyekusiyana kwakasiyana kubva kune mari yemari inobatanidzwa, uye iyo inotangira mumusha, inowedzera munharaunda, uye inowanzokonzera sangano semhuri yose, kufanana nematambudziko emari anoita.
Kutsvakurudza pamusoro pemigumisiro yekudhakwa kwewaini pamhuri kunoratidza kuti kunwa doro nekudhakwa kunobatanidzwa muhukama hwepedyo hwemhirizhonga, hunoita kuti mhuri dzive nematambudziko emari, dzinokanganisa maitiro ekugadzirisa chisarudzo, uye inotora basa mukuregeredza vana uye kushungurudzwa.
Sezvo nemari yemari yekushandisa doro zvisina kufanira , zvidzidzo zvakawana dzimwe nguva kunwa doro zvinogona kukanganisa mhuri zvakare. Chimwe chidzidzo chakajekesa kuti "kurwisana nemudzimai kunowanzosangoitika kana mumwe munhu aine doro kana kuti anonwa doro, asiwo kana waanenge achinwa zvinwiwa zvinowanzoswa zvakanyanya."
Migumisiro Doro Doro Rokubata Vana
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) ndeimwe yemigumisiro yakazara yakakonzerwa yekudhakwa kwevabereki muUnited States, inokonzerwa nedoro rinoshandiswa naamai panguva yekuzvitakura. Vana vane FAS vanoratidza zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakawanda zvaro ndezveupenyu hurefu uye husingaperi.
Vana vanokura mumusha nemunhu waunoda kubata nechinwiwa chinodhaka kunogona kuchinjwawo; ivo vangangodaro vanowedzera doro kushandisa kushungurudzika ivo pachavo.
Kukura mumusha umo mubereki mumwe chete ane doro rakawandisa kushandisa chirwere chinogona kuwedzera mikana yevana yekukurira matambudziko epfungwa uye emuviri.
Sources:
Vakwegura Vana veAlcoholics World Service Organization, "The Laundry List - 14 Zviratidzo zveMwana Mukuru weDoro." (Yakapiwa na Tony A., 1978).
Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira. "Kuwedzerwa Kunwa Kwakanyanyisa Kudhonza Kwemari yeUnited States." Dhava & Statistics.
Gmel, G et al. "Zvinokuvadza Kunwa Doro." National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Publication.
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. "Kuyera Mutoro-Doro Rinochinja Kune Vose, Mhuri, uye Society." Doro Research: Current Reviews 2013
Moss HB, "Zvinokonzerwa nedoro munzanga: pfupiso pfupi." Basa reMagariro Munzanga Yehutano 2013