Nepo kune marudzi mazhinji ehutano hwemagariro evanhu, zvitatu zvinowanzosiyana nekuora mwoyo kwevana maererano neMuongorori Mukuru weHurumende yeHurumende ndeyekunyanya kuora mwoyo (MDD), dysthymic disorder (DD), uye bipolar disorder (BD).
Major Depression Disorder in Vana
Dambudziko rekuora mwoyo dambudziko chirwere chakakomba umo mwana anowana zvikamu zvekuora mwoyo.
Zvikamu izvi zvinowanzopedza mwedzi 7 kusvika ku9. Maererano neDSM-IV, zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo kwevana zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kudzidza kunodzika
- Kubva kune shamwari neshamwari
- Pfungwa kana zviito zvekuzvikuvadza
- Kurasikirwa kwechido kune zvinhu zvekunakidzwa kwekare
- Zvinetso nehope
- Appetite uye / kana uremu hunochinja
- Manzwiro eine mhosva kana kusanzwisiswa
- Kunamatira kumubereki
- Kusatsanangurwa kuchema
Uyezve, vana vane MDD vanogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvekuzvidya mwoyo, sekunyara , kutya, uye kunyunyuta kusinganzwisisiki .
Inenge 2 kusvika ku3 muzana yevana vasati vava nemakore gumi vanosangana nemirairo ye MDD, asi pakati pezera remakore gumi nemana, mutengo unowedzera kusvika 5 kusvika ku8 muzana kune vana vose. Vanenge kaviri vasikana vakawanda vachaona kuora mwoyo sevakomana nezera remakore gumi nemashanu. Kusati kwava kuyaruka , vakomana vane uwandu hwekuora mwoyo kupfuura vasikana.
Kubhadharwa kwemitengo ye MDD yakakwirira kune vana vanogamuchira kurapwa. Zvisinei, ndizvo zvakaita zvikamu zvekare zvekuora mwoyo.
Sangano reNational Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) rinokurudzira kushandurwa nekurapa kuora mwoyo kwevana , zvichipiwa migumisiro pfupi uye yakareba, yakadai sokusazviremekedza , kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, kutora matambudziko, kushanda zvakanaka kwekudzidza, kusagadzikana kwehupfumi hwevanhu , uye njodzi yekuzviuraya.
Dysthymic Dambudziko muvana
Dysthymic disorder chirwere chinoramba chiripo asi chinotyisa kupfuura MDD, chinogara kwemakore maviri.
Vana vane DD vanoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura vana vane MDD. Pasinei nezviratidzo zvavo, vana vane DD vanogona kuenda kuchikoro uye kuita zvimwe zvinhu izvo vamwe vana vane MDD vangasakwanise. Vana vane DD vangangodaro vakatambura neDD kwenguva yakareba zvokuti vanotenda kuora mwoyo kwavo kune "zvakajairika". Vabereki kana vamwe vari pedyo nemucheche vanogona kungofunga kuti ane unonyara kana unhu hunoita kuti ave nehutano pane kuora mwoyo.
Zviratidzo zveDD muvana zvakafanana nezviratidzo zveDDD, asi zvishoma. Mutengo weDD muvana 3%. Maererano naDr. Daniel Klein nevamwe vaaishanda navo, avo vakabudisa chidzidzo mu Journal of Psychiatric Research muna 2008, 75 muzana yevana ivavo vanozoona MDD. Kusanganiswa kweMDC uye DD kunofungidzirwa kuora mwoyo kaviri.
Kudzoka kwemitengo ye dysthymic disorder yakakwirira muvana, zvikurukuru nekurapa kwakakodzera. Zvakare, ndizvo zvinodzokorora zvakare. Dr Klein nevamwe vaishanda navo vakawana kuti kudzokazve kwemitengo yeDD yaiva inenge 70% kupfuura makore gumi muvana. Uyezve, zvakashumwa kuti kana mwana achiri kugara neDD, zvinowanzoitika kuti ave neMDC kana DD.
Bipolar Dambudziko muvana
Kuora mwoyo kunogona kuitika sechikamu chebipolar disorder.
Iyi ndiyo mamiriro ayo mwana anoona manic pamwe nekudzvinyirira zvikamu.
Pane mhirizhonga pamusoro pekuongororwa kwepipolar disorder muvana. Zvisinei, Dr. Elizabeth Weller, chiremba chepfungwa chekuongorora kwehuduku BD yakashumwa muPsychiatric News muna 2002, inoshuma kuti nepo BD isingawanzove muvana, inowanzo uye inowanzosazivikanwa.
Kutanga kweBD kunowanzopera pakuyaruka kana kukura, asi zvinogona kuitika kuvana vaduku. Zviratidzo zveBD muvana vaduku zvakasiyana nevakuru: Vana vasati vava nemakore 9 vangaratidza kusagadzikana uye kufungidzira kwepfungwa , kuwedzera kana kudzokorora, kufamba kwepanoia, uye zviratidzo zvepfungwa.
Mushure memakore gumi nematanhatu, zviratidzo zveBD zvakafanana nevakuru vane BD: Elation kana nyika inofadza kwazvo; kutora ngozi; kukwanisa kuita zvishoma kana kuti kwete kurara; racing thoughts; kurumidza kana kutaura kukuru; kusanganisa; uye kuwedzeredza pfungwa dzekwaniso kana zvakaitwa.
Bhuku ra2007 rakabudiswa kubva kuNIMH rakaratidza kuti kuwanda kwehutano hwebipolar disorder kwaiva ne1%, iyo inowanikwa makumi mana neyaka kupfuura makore gumi.
Kurapwa kunowanzodiwa kune vana vane BD vakapa migumisiro yaro yakaipa, sekutadza kushevedza, kushungurudza ukama hwevanhu, kushandisa zvinodhaka, nekuzviuraya. Mishonga inogona kubatsira mukugadzirisa mafungiro emwana, asi BD inowanzova chirwere cheupenyu.
Zvingaitwa nevabereki
Kana ukacherechedza zviratidzo zvehutano hwekuora mwoyo mumwana wako, taurirana nachiremba wevana pakarepo. Chiremba anogona kutonga kunze kwechikonzero chekurapa uye kurudzira kurapwa kana zvakakodzera.
Kunyange zvazvo zvingave zvinotyisa kunzwa kuti mwana wako ane dambudziko rekuora mwoyo, haisi "mutongo weupenyu." Nekurapa uye kutsigirwa, mwana wako anogona kudzoka uye kufara paudiki hwake.
Sources:
American Psychiatric Association. Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
Kushungurudzika uye kuzviuraya muvana nevana vaduku. Mushumo wechiremba Mukuru. http://mentalhealth.about.com/library/sg/chapter3/blsec5.htm
Jim Rosack. "Bipolar Disorder Inowanzosanganiswa Muvana, Nyanzvi Inotaura." Psychiatric News , July 5, 2002 37 (13): 26.
NCHS Data Brief: Kuora mwoyo muUnited States Vagari Veimba, 2005-2006. Zvivako Zvokurwara Zvirwere. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db07.htm
Dhiyabhorosi Rhepfenyuro: Mitengo yeBipolar Inotarisa muVechidiki Kurumidza Kukwidza, Kurapa Maitiro Akafanana Nevakuru. Svondo 03, 2007. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2007/rates-of-bipolar-diagnosis-in-youth-rapidly-climbing-treatment-patterns-similar-to-adults.shtml
Ndezvipi zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo? National Institute on Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/index.shtml