Zvinyorwa, Kuyera uye Kururamisa kweFQ-9
Iyo PHQ-9 ndiyo imwe hurukuro yemubvunzo mukuru wePatient Health, chirongwa chekuti varwere vanogona kupedzisa kuvharo yehutano hwepfungwa. Zvinyorwa zveFQ-9 zvakananga zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo, uye mibvunzo yaro mipfumbamwe uye yakajeka inovakirwa pamitemo yekuderedza yakawanikwa muDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders, 4th edition ( DSM-IV ).
Iyo PHQ-9 inoongorora nzvimbo dzinotevera:
- Kurasikirwa kwechido uye kufara mukuita zvinhu
- Kunzwa kuora mwoyo kana kuti kusina tariro
- Dambudziko nekurara (kana kurara zvakanyanya, kurara hope, kana kurara hope)
- Kunzwa kuneta kana kushaya simba
- Kudya kana kurasikirwa nechido
- Kunzwa sekukundikana kana kuti wakaodza mwoyo mhuri yako kana iwe pachako
- Kuoma kuisa pfungwa, zvakadai apo iwe uri kutarisa terevhizheni kana kuverenga nyaya
- Kufamba kana kutaura zvishoma nezvishoma, kana zvakasiyana-kutaura zvakakurumidza uye kuva fidgety
- Kufunga kuti iwe uchange uri nani pane wakafa, kana uchida iwe unogona kuzvikuvadza neimwe nzira
Kune chirevo chega chega, munhu wacho anobvunzwa kuti kakawanda sei vakaona izvo zvakabuda mumavhiki maviri apfuura: kwete zvachose, mazuva mazhinji, kupfuura hafu yemazuva, kana mazuva ose.
Uyu mubvunzo wegumi unopindurwa kana chero ipi zvataurwa pamusoro apa inopindurwa ne "hongu": Zvakaoma zvakadini kuti iwe uite basa rako, kutarisira zvinhu kumba, kana kufambidzana nevamwe?
Kupindura zvisarudzo ndezvi: kwete zvachose, zvimwe zvakaoma, zvakaoma zvikuru kana zvakaoma kwazvo.
Ndeipi PHQ-9 Yakarongwa?
Kunyoresa chirevo chega chega ndotevera:
- Kwete zvachose: 0
- Mazuva mashomanana: 1
- Inopfuura hafu yemazuva: 2
- Inenge mazuva ose: 3
Nhamba yose yemibvunzo mipfumbamwe inowedzerwa uye inogona kubva kubva 0 kusvikira 27.
Chimwe chikamu chinopfuura makumi maviri chinoratidza kuora mwoyo kukuru (kwakanyanya) uko kusanganiswa kwemishonga inopesana nemishonga uye psychotherapy (kurapa kurapa) kunoratidzwa.
Kuenzanisa pakati pe15 ne19 kunoratidza kuora mwoyo kukuru (zvishoma nezvishoma zvakanyanya), apo zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvinodhaka kana kuti psychotherapy zvingangodaro zvakakodzera.
Kuverenga pakati pe10 ne14 kunoratidzira huwandu hwezvimwe zviratidzo pakati pediki kuora mwoyo, dysthymia uye kuora mwoyo kukuru (munyoro). Yakaratidza mhinduro dzezvikwata izvi zvinosanganisira mishonga inopesana nemanzwiro kana kuti psychotherapy. Kune vamwe vanhu vari munharaunda iyi, mhinduro yekutarisa nekumirira inogonawo kuva yakakodzera.
Chikamu pakati pe5 ne9 chinoratidza zviratidzo zvishoma zvekuora mwoyo izvo zvinoda dzidzo pamusoro pekuora mwoyo, mazano ekudana kana zviratidzo zvichiwedzerwa, uye kuongorora zvakare mumwedzi umwe.
Ndiani Akavaka PHQ-9?
Iyo PHQ-9 chikamu chimwe chezvinyorwa zvakakwana zvePatient Health Questionnaire. Bhuku reMibvunzo Yevarwere Mushonga rakagadzirwa naRobert L. Spitzer, Janet BW Williams, Kurt Kroenke, uye avo vashandi paColumbia University. Yakagadzirirwa muna 2001 kuitira kubatsira kubatsira kuziva nezvehutano hwepfungwa dzakadai sekuora mwoyo uye kuzvidya mwoyo kungave kuchikonzera kana kuwedzera zvimwe zvinetso zveutano.
Ndeye Yakarurama Sei PHQ-9?
Ongororo dzakawanda dzekutsvakurudza dzakaratidza kuvimbika (kusagadzikana) uye kuvimbika (kunyatso) kweFQ-9. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kakawanda kuti PHQ-9 inzira inobatsira yekuyera kuora mwoyo. Dzidzo dzakatsigira kuti PHQ-9 inonyatsoratidza kuti kune kuora kwekuora mwoyo, pamwe nekugadzirisa kuoma kwekuora mwoyo.
Vanhu vanoverengerwa kuti vaongorore kuti PHQ-9 yakabudirira inosanganisira vakadzi vari mukati mese mishonga yekliniki, varwere pamhuri yekudzidzira, uye nevakadzi vane chirwere chinoputika, uyewo kune vanhu vane chirwere chekufa, migraines, chirwere cheshuga, chirwere chemwoyo chinokonzerwa nemasana tsvimbo yakakuvadza, multiple sclerosis, kenza, kukanganisika kwepfungwa, HIV uye glaucoma, kutumidza vashomanana.
Iyo PHQ-9 yakanyatsodzidzawo kumakore ose evechiri kuyaruka, pakati pevakuru vakuru, uye vakuru vakwegura.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakare zvakatarisa kuti PHQ-9 inoona sei uye inoderedza kuora mwoyo mune dzimwe mimwe mitauro, nyika uye tsika, kusanganisira mutauro wemasaini weSpain neBritish, uyewo kumaruwa eChina, Nepal, Japan, Germany neUganda. Zvitsvakurudzo zvakave zvichiratidza kuti PHQ-9 ndiyo chiyero chakarurama chekuora mwoyo mumitauro yakawanda, nyika uye tsika.
Uyezve, kumwe kuongorora kwakawana kuti PHQ-9 inogona kutarisirwa pamusoro pefoni uye ichapa mhinduro yakarurama. Izvi zvingava zvinobatsira mukutevera nevanhu vasingakwanisi kana vasingadi kuuya kumusangano wevanhu vose.
Ipi uye Ndeipi Iyo PHQ-9 Inoshandiswa?
Iyo PHQ-9 inongororo inowanzobatanidzwa sechikamu cheongororo yakazara. Semuenzaniso, iyo inotarisirwa kuedzwa kwegore rimwechete sechikamu cheChina Chidiki Chinoisa kuti Centers for Medicare neMedicaid inoda kumusha wese anoyamura vanogara.
Iyo PHQ-9 inowanzoedzwa inowanikwa muongororo yakakwana yepanyama yakaitwa nachiremba wokurapa wekutanga kuti abatsire pakuongorora murwere. Inogonawo kuva chikamu chepfungwa yakakwana yekuongorora maitiro epfungwa dzinoongorora nzvimbo dzose dzehutano hwepfungwa.
Sei Kuongorora Kuora Kwepfungwa Zvinokosha?
Kuora mwoyo kunogona kuzviratidza nenzira dzakawanda. Mukuwedzera kune zvinosuruvarisa uye manzwiro asina tariro zvinogona kuumba, kuora mwoyo kunogona kuita kuti zviratidzo zvakawanda zvemuviri zvinotadzisa vanhu kutsvaga kurapwa. Zvakakosha kuziva chikonzero chekunyunyuta kwepanyama, uye kana kazhinji, kune chikonzero chekurapa kwezviratidzo zviripo, pane dzimwe nguva, zviratidzo izvozvo zvinowirirana nehutano hwepfungwa, dzakadai sekuora mwoyo kana kufunganya. Kunyatsoziva izvozvi zvinotungamirira kumushonga unoshanda.
Kuora mwoyo ndeimwe yehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa, pamwe nehutano hwepfungwa (kupiwa mazano), mishonga (antidepressants), kana kusanganiswa kwezvose. Vashandi vehutano vari kupa hutano hwakanaka kuvarwere vavo apo vanonyatsotarisa munhu wose, kusanganisira hutano hwepfungwa. Kurapa kunetseka (kana kupfuura) kunogona kuvandudza mararamiro ehupenyu, uyewo zvinogona kuchengetedza mari zvingave zvisina kukodzera kutungamirirwa mukurapa nyaya dzepanyama kwete kunetseka kwehutano hwepfungwa.
Shoko Rinobva
Iko-PHQ-9 isuedzo inogona kuzviriritira. Zviri pfupi, kutora maminitsi mashomanana kuti apedzise. Iko kusununguka, uye yakaratidzwa kuti inoshanda mumagadziriro akawanda uye mamiriro ezvinhu. Izvo hazvirevi kudzidziswa kwakakura kutungamirira kana kuverenga, zvichiita kuti ive nzira iri nyore uye inobatsira yekuongorora kuora mwoyo.
Kuziva kusuruvara kunotora danho rinokosha mukubata zvakakwana munhu wose. Iko-PHQ-9 ndiyo chiyero chakarurama chekuora mwoyo, kuita basa iri nekukurumidza uye nyore.
> Sources:
> Nharaunda yeUkuongorora Kuongorora nekuvandudza muMental Health. Patient Health Question Questionnaire (PHQ-9) - Pfupiso. http://www.cqaimh.org/pdf/tool_phq9.pdf
> Farzanfar R, Hereen T, Fava J, Davis J, Vachon L, Friedman R. Psychometric Properties of Automated Phone-based PHQ-9. Telemedicine Journal uye e-Health . 2014; 20 (2): 115-121. doi: 10.1089 / tmj.2013.0158. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3910472/
> Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. Iko-PHQ-9: Kuvonekwa kweKudzvinyirira Pfupi Kuoma Kwakawanda. Zvinyorwa zveGeneral Internal Medicine . 2001; 16 (9): 606-613. doi: 10.1046 / j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1495268/
> Muñoz-Navarro R, Cano-Vindel A, Medrano LA, et al. Unhu hweFQ-9 kuti uone hutano hukuru hwekuora mwoyo mune varwere vakuru muSpanish nzvimbo dzokuchengetedza. BMC Psychiatry . 2017; 17: 291. doi: 10.1186 / s12888-017-1450-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5550940/
> University of Washington. AIMS Center. PHQ-9 Kuora Mwoyo. https://aims.uw.edu/resource-library/phq-9-depression-scale