Edward Bradford Titchener akanga ari mudzidzi weWilhelm Wundt uye anowanzotumidzwa nekuisa chikoro chekugadzirisa mafungiro. Kunyange zvazvo Wundt dzimwe nguva inzikanwa sevakagadzira sangano, Titchener dzidziso dzakasiyana nenzira dzinokosha kubva kuWundt's. Kunyange zvazvo aive nesimba guru mune zvepfungwa panguva yehupenyu hwake, chikoro chepfungwa chaakagadza chakanga chave chafa pamwe naye.
Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehupenyu hwake, basa rake, uye kuchinja kwepfungwa panyaya iyi pfupi.
Edward Titchener Aizivikanwa Kwazvo Kwazvo
- Structuralism
- Introspection
- Akaita shoko rokuti ' tsitsi ,' shanduro yeshoko rechiGerman rokuti 'Einfühlung.'
- Aitarisira zvidzidzo zvekupedza kudzidza kwaMargaret Floy Washburn, mukadzi wokutanga kugamuchira PhD mu Psychology
Upenyu Hwekutanga
Edward Bradford Titchener akaberekwa musi waJanuary 11, 1867 muChichester, England uye akapinda kuMalvern College pane unyanzvi. Apo mhuri yake pakutanga yaida kuti apinde mafundisi, zvido zveTitchener zvaive kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Muna 1885, akatanga kudzidza kuOxford. Pakutanga akaisa pfungwa pane biology, asi akakurumidza kuenda kune chidzidzo chekuenzanisa kwepfungwa . Munguva yake paOxford, akatanga kuverenga zvakanyorwa naWilhelm Wundt uye akazoshandura bhuku rekutanga reWundt rakakurumbira mavara Mazano ePhysical Psychology kubva muchiGermany muchiChirungu.
Titchener akapedza kudzidza kubva kuOxford muna 1890 ndokubva atanga kudzidza naWundt muLeipzig, Germany.
Akaenderera mberi kuti awane yake Ph.D. mu Psychology kubva kuYunivhesiti yeLeipzig muna 1892.
Career
Mushure mokunge awana Ph.D., Titchener akashanda semupurofesa wepfungwa paC Cornell University kuIthaca, New York. Yaiva pano iyo yakagadzira chikoro chepfungwa chekufunga chinonzi structuralism.
Titchener aidavira kuti nokujekesa nekugadzirisa zvikamu zvepfungwa, vatsvakurudzi vangave vanonzwisisa maitiro ekugadzirisa kwepfungwa.
Apo iye anowanzotsanangurwa semuapositori weWundt, maonero aTitchener akasiyana neaya omudzidzisi wake. Akashandisa nzira yaWundt yekuzivisa pachena asi pasi pemitemo yakawanda. Akanga achingofarira zvinhu zvaive zviri mumucherechedzo, naizvozvo zvinhu zvakadai semasikirwo kana kuti zvisingazivi zvakanga zvisingafariri kwaari.
Kunyatsozivikanwa kwaiva nzira inotsamira pakuzviona. Vadzidzisi vakarovedzwa vakaiswa nezvinhu zvakasiyana kana zviitiko uye vakakumbira kurondedzera maitiro ekufunga avo vakaona. Kubva pane rudzi urwu rutsvakurudzo, Titchener akagumisa kuti pane zvinhu zvitatu zvinokosha zvakaumba zvose zvakaitika: kuziva, manzwiro, nemifananidzo.
Chii chaiva Edward B. Zvipo Zvikuru zveTitchener kuMapfungwa?
Titchener inonzi ndeyekuunza maitiro eWundt kuUnited States. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti vanyori venhoroondo vanoziva kuti maonero eTichener akasiyana kubva kune avo vanopa mazano uye vatsoropodzi vakawanda vanotaura kuti Titchener akanyatsotaura nezvemamwe mazano eWundt.
Kunyange zvazvo chikoro chepfungwa chisina kupona murufu rwake, akaita basa rinokosha pakugadzira pfungwa dzepfungwa semusayenzi yekuedza.
Titchener aiva nhengo yepakutanga yeAmerican Psychological Association. Zvisinei, haana kumbopinda musangano mumwe chete. Muna 1904, akatanga nhengo yake yaizivikanwa seVergealists. Titchener akatenda kuti APA yakanga isina kururama uye yakagamuchira shanduro dzakashandiswa zvepfungwa.
Boka raTitchener raizivikanwawo nekurambidzwa kwavakadzi, izvo zvakaenderera mberi kusvikira mushure mekufa kwake. Pasinei nokuramba kwaTitchener kubvuma vakadzi muboka rake, mudzidzi wake wokutanga chiremba aiva Margaret Floy Washburn.
Muna 1894, akava mukadzi wokutanga kuwana PhD mune zvepfungwa. Munguva iyo vakadzi vakawanda vakadziviswa kudzidzira kumayunivhesiti makuru kusanganisira Harvard naColumbia, Titchener vakatarisa zvidzidzo zvechiremba zvevakadzi vakawanda kupfuura chero imwe nyanzvi yezvepfungwa dzepanguva iyoyo.
Mukuwedzera kwebasa rake sepurofesa anozivikanwa uye anodiwa zvikuru, Titchener akashanda semupepeti wemagazini akawanda akakurumbira kusanganisira Mind , Studies kubva kuDhipatimendi rePiychology yeCornell University , uye American Journal of Psychology . Akabudisawo mazita akawanda ekunyora kwepfungwa dzepfungwa, kusanganisira Outline of Psychology (1897), A Primer of Psychology (1898), uye mavhesi mana ekuongorora masayendisiti (1901-1905).
Titchener akafa musi waAugust 3, 1927, uye nekufa kwake, chikoro chechirongwa chekufunga chakanga chakanyangarika zvakare.
> Sources
> Leahey, TH. A History of Psychology: Kubvira Antiquity kusvika kuNhasi. New York: Routledge; 2017.
> Hergenhahn, BR & Henley, T. An Nhoroondo yeNhoroondo yePsychology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Kudzidza; 2014.
> Schultz, DP & Schultz, SE. A History of Modern Psychology. Boston, MA: Cengage Kudzidza; 2016.