1 - Zvimwe zveZvidzo zveMagariro eZveshu (Psychology Experiments) Zvinogona Kukusimudzira
Sei vanhu vachiita zvinhu zvavanoita? Sei vanhu vachiita sevanoita zvakasiyana mumapoka? Vamwe vanoita sei kuti vamwe vave nemafungiro ekuzvibata kwedu? Kwemakore aya, masayendisiti ezvepakatiro evanhu akaongorora mibvunzo iyi chaiye. Migumisiro yeimwe yedzidzo dzinonyatsozivikanwa inoramba yakakosha (uye inowanzokakavadzana) kusvikira nhasi.
Dzidza zvakawanda nezvedzimwe tsvakurudzo dzakakurumbira munhoroondo yehupfumi hwemagariro evanhu.
2 - Kuongorora kweAsch Maonero
Unoitei kana iwe uchiziva kuti uri kutendeseka, asi vamwe vose veboka havabvumirani newe? Iwe unopfugama kumakwikwi eboka here? Mune mitsva yezvidzidzo zvakakurumbira zvakaitwa mukati me1950, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Soromoni Asch akaratidza kuti vanhu vaizopa mhinduro isina kururama pamuedzo kuitira kuti vawirirane neboka rose reboka racho.
Mukutsvakurudza kwakakurumbira kweAsch , vanhu vakaratidzwa mutsetse uye vakabvunzwa kusarudza mutsetse wehurefu hwakaenzana kubva kune boka revatatu. Asch akaisawo vatungamiri muboka iro raigona kusarudza nemaune mitsara isina kururama. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti apo vamwe vanhu vakatora mutsara wakaipa, vatori vechikamu vaizogona kuwirirana uye kupa mhinduro dzakafanana sevamwe veboka.
Sei kuedza kwekufananidza kweAsch kuchizivikanwa zvikuru nhasi? Apo isu tingada kudavira kuti tinoda kurwisana neboka (zvikurukuru kana tichiziva kuti boka racho harina kunaka), mitsva yaAsch yakaratidza kuti vanhu vanoshamisika kuti vanogona kuwirirana . Handizvo zvakaitwa naAsch chete zvidzidzisa zvakawanda pamusoro pesimba rekuenzanisa, rakafuridzirawo ruzhinji rwekutsvakurudza kwakawedzerwa pamusoro pekuti vanhu vanoteerera sei uye vanoteerera, kusanganisira maitiro aMilgram ekuteerera ekuteerera.
3 - Bobo Doll Kuongorora
Kutarisa chisimba pane terevhizheni kunoita kuti vana vaite zvisina kunaka here? Mune mitezo yeongororo yakaitwa munguva yekutanga kwema1960, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Albert Bandura akasarudza kuongorora kukanganisa kwekuona kushungurudzika kwetsika dzevana. MuBhobo doll anoedza , vana vaizoona vhidhiyo yemunhu mukuru achikurukura neBobo doll. Mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, mufananidzo mukuru akazvibata asingatauri kune chido, asi mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, munhu mukuru aizotamba, achinyorera, otora, uye achishevedzera pachido. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti vana vakatarisa mufananidzo wevakuru vanoita zvechisimba kumadhora vakange vachida kutevedzera maitiro ane utsinye gare gare.
Sei chiitiko cheBhobo doll chichiri chikanakidzwa nhasi? Nhaurirano pamusoro pehuwandu hunoshandiswa nehutachiona hweterevhizheni hunoita kuti vana vave nehupenyu huri kuramba hutsamwa nhasi, saka zvichida hazvizoshamisi kuti zviwanikwa zveBurura zvichiri zvakakosha. Kuedza kwakabatsira zvakare kukurudzira mazana ezvipi zvedzidzo kuongorora zvinogadziriswa zvekuona chisimba uye chisimba.
4 - Stanford Prison Experiment
Mumakore ekuma1970, Philip Zimbardo akaisa jeri rakaipa muchitsime chemuStanford psychology, akaunganidza vatori vechikamu kuti vaite vasungwa nevarindi, uye vakatamba basa remufambisi wejeri. Kuedza kwakagadzirirwa kutarisa mamiriro ekuti nzvimbo yejeri yaizova nemafambiro, asi zvakakurumidza kuva imwe yezvinyanya kuzivikanwa uye zvinokakavadzana nguva dzose.
Chiitiko cheStanford chinyorwa chakanga chagadzirirwa kupedza mavhiki maviri azere. Yakapera mushure memazuva matanhatu chete. Sei? Nemhaka yekuti vatori vechikamu vakanyatsogadziriswa mumabasa avo ekufungidzirwa kuti varindi vakava vachishushikana nechisimba uye vasungwa vakava nekuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, uye kushungurudzika mupfungwa. Kunyange zvazvo kuedza kwakagadzirirwa kutarisa mufambiro wejeri, yakabva yava chiratidzo chekuti vanhu vane simba zvakakanganiswa sei nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Sei Chirongwa cheStanford chichiri chine mbiri nhasi? Chikamu chekucherechedza kunobva pakuongorora kwekudzidza kwevatori vechikamu. Zvidzidzo izvi zvakaiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaita kuti pave nedambudziko guru repfungwa. Zvakanyanya zvokuti chidzidzo chacho chaifanira kumira pasi pehafu yepakati kuburikidza nekuedza. Chidzidzo chacho chakasimbiswa semuenzaniso wekuti vanhu vanobvuma sei mamiriro ezvinhu, asi vatsoropodzi vakaratidza kuti mufambiro wevatori vechikamu angangodaro akatungamirirwa zvisina kufanira naZimbardo pachake mukukwanisa kwake se "mutariri wejeri" "mutariri."
5 - Milgi Ongororo
Pashure pekutongwa kwaAdolph Eichmann nekuda kwemhosva dzehondo dzakapiwa munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Stanley Milgram aida kunzwisisa zviri nani nei vanhu vachiteerera. "Zvichida here kuti Eichmann pamwe chete nemamiriyoni evanhu vakaurayiwa muHolocaust vakanga vachingovera mirairo? Milgram akashamisika.
Migumisiro yekukakavadzana kwake kwekuteerera kwakange isinganzwisisiki uye inoramba ichingokurudzira uye ichikakavadzana nhasi. Chidzidzo chacho chaisanganisira kuronga vatori vechikamu kuti vataure zvinosuruvarisa zvakanyanya kune mumwe munhu. Kunyange zvazvo munhu akabatwa aingova akabatanidzwa achiita sekukuvadzwa, vatori vechikamu vakatenda zvakakwana kuti vari kupa magetsi kumunhu mumwe. Kunyange apo munhu wacho aipikisa kana kuti achin'un'una nezvemwoyo, 65 muzana yevatori vechikamu vakapfuurira kupa zvinorwadza, zvichida zvinouraya pamirairo yekuedza.
Sei chiitiko cheMilgram chichizivikanwa nhasi? Zviri pachena kuti hapana munhu anoda kudavira kuti vanokwanisa kukuvadza kana kutambudza kune mumwe munhu kunze kwekuraira kwechiremera chiremera. Migumisiro yekuteerera kuedza kunovhiringidza nokuti inoratidza kuti vanhu vakawanda vanoteerera kupfuura zvavanoda kutenda. Chidzidzo chacho chinokakavadzana nokuti chinotarisana nehutano hwakawanda hwemitemo, kunyanya kushungurudzika kwepfungwa kwakagadzirirwa avo vanotora.
6 - Dzidza zvakawanda
Iwe unoda kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekuongorora kwepfungwa dzepfungwa, zvidzidzo, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinonakidza nezvehutano hwepabonde? Zvadaro iva nechokwadi chekutarisa zvinotevera zvinoshandiswa kuti uwedzere ruzivo uye zvinhu.