Nzira, Makomborero, uye Zvinogona Kuwira pasi kwePsychoanalytic Therapy
Psychoanalytic therapy ndechimwe chezvinozivikanwa zvikuru kurapwa kwemaitiro, asiwo ndeimwe yevasinganzwisisiki nehutano hwevatano. Urwu urwu hwehutano hunobva pane zvidzidzo uye basa raSagmund Freud , uyo akateya chikoro chepfungwa chinonzi psychoanalysis.
Chii Chinonzi Psychoanalytic Therapy?
Psychoanalytic therapy inotarisa kuti pfungwa isina ruzivo inokanganisa pfungwa uye maitiro.
Freud akarondedzera kusaziva sechivako chechido, pfungwa, uye zviyeuchidzo zviri pasi pekuziva kuziva. Akatenda kuti aya ndiwo masimba asingazivikanwi aigona kutungamirira kukutambudzika kwepfungwa nekuvhiringidzika.
Psychoanalysis inowanzobatanidza kutarisa kuitika kwevana vaduku kuitira kuti vaone kuti zviitiko izvi zvingave zvakaita sei munhu uye kuti vanoita sei kune zviito zvezvino. Vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi psychoanalytic therapy vanowanzoonana nevarapi vavo kamwechete pavhiki uye vanogona kuramba vachirapa kwemavhiki, mwedzi, kana kunyange makore. Nenzira iyi, tariro ndeyokuti vanhu vachakwanisa kuwana njere nekuziva kwemasimba asingazivi anoita kuti vave nehutano hwemazuva ano.
The History of Psychoanalytic Therapy
Psychoanalytic theory yakakura kubva mubasa rechirwere chinonzi psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud uyo akatanga kukura maitiro ake ekurapa muma1900 apera.
Muna 1885, Freud akatanga kudzidza nekushanda naJean-Martin Charcot paSalpêtrière muParis. Charcot akashandisa hypnosis kuti atore vakadzi vanotambura kubva pane izvo zvaizivikanwa se hysteria . Zviratidzo zvehutano hwaisanganisira kupora zvishoma, kukanganisa uye kutya.
Freud akaenderera mberi kutsvakurudza hypnotism mukurapa, asi basa rake uye ushamwari pamwe naye Josef Breuer zvakaita kuti pave nekugadzirwa kwechirongwa chake chinonyanya kurapa.
Breuer akarondedzera kurapwa kwake kwemukadzi wechidiki, anozivikanwa munhau yakadai seAna O. , avo vane zviratidzo zvekunyengedzera zvakasunungurwa nekutaura pamusoro pezvakaitika kwaari. Freud naBreuer vakabatanidzwa mubhuku rainzi Studies on Hysteria uye Freud vakaramba vachiwedzera kushandiswa kwake kwe " chirongwa chekutaura ." Iyi nzira yakarongedza kuti kungotaura pamusoro pezvinetso kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kushushikana kwepfungwa.
Maitiro ePyyananalytic Therapy Anoshanda Sei?
Psychoanalytic therapists kazhinji vanopedza nguva vachiterera varwere vachitaura nezvehupenyu hwavo, ndicho chikonzero iyi nzira inowanzonzi "kutaura kurapa." Mupi wehutano uyo anotarisa mapeti kana zviitiko zvinokosha zvinogona kutora chikamu mumatambudziko emakero iye zvino. Psychoanalysts dzinofunga kuti zviitiko zvevechidiki uye manzwiro asingazivi, pfungwa uye zvinokurudzira zvinobatsira mukurwara kwepfungwa uye maradaptive behavior.
Psychoanalytic therapy inoshandisawo dzimwe nzira dzinosanganisira kusununguka kushamwaridzana, kutsvakurudza kwekuwedzerwa, kutarisa kudzivirirwa uye manzwiro omurwere angave asingazivi, pamwe chete nekududzira kurota .
Ndezvipi Zvinobatsira zvePyroanantic Therapy?
Sezvo chero nzira ipi neipi yehutano hwepfungwa, psychoanalytic therapy inogona kuva nezvinyorwa zvayo uye minuses.
Izvo zviyero izvo zvinogona kubatsira uye matambudziko zvinoita kuti sarudzo yekushandisa nzira iyi inotsamira pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira kusarudzwa kwevanhu uye kuoma kwezviratidzo.
Rudzi urwu rwechiremba rwakanga rune vatsoropodzi vanoti chirwere chepfungwa chinopedza nguva, chinodhura, uye kazhinji hachina kubudirira. Vamwe vakadai saNoam Chomsky naKarp Popper vakaratidza kuti psychoanalysis yakashaya nesayenzi. Manyepo emhando iyi yekurapa inowanzobatanidzwa kune imwe yepakutanga, mamwe mazana eClassu Freudian anoshandiswa ekurapwa kwepfungwa.
Mumakumi mashoma emakore akapfuura, pane zvakakosha kutsvakurudza kujekesa nzira iyi inobatsira.
Muongorori anopa kunzwira tsitsi uye kusagadzirisa nzvimbo iyo mutengi anogona kunzwa akachengeteka pakuzarura manzwiro kana zviito zvakakonzera kushungurudzika uye matambudziko muupenyu hwake. Kakawanda, kugoverana mitoro iyi mumamiriro ezvinhu ehukama hwekurapa kunogona kubatsira. Uyezve, zvakaratidzwa kuti rudzi urwu rwekuzviongorora runogona kutungamirira pakuenderera kukura kwepfungwa pane nguva.
Chii Chinonzi Downsides kuPychoanalytic Therapy?
Sezvo nemitoo yose yekurapa, kunewo zvingave zvisingakwanisi kugadziriswa zvinofanira kuonekwa zvakare. Mariro dzinowanzotaurwa sechirwere chakanyanya chepfungwa yepanchianalytic therapy. Vashandi vakawanda vari kurapa kwemakore kwemakore, saka mari uye nguva dzinodhura zvinosanganiswa nemutano uyu unogona kunge wakave wakakwirira kwazvo.
Shoko Rinobva
Psychoanalytic therapy inongova nzira imwe chete yeutano hwehutano hwehutano iwe unogona kufunga. Iyi nzira inogona kupa zvikomborero zvingave zvakafananidzirwa nemamiriro ako ezvinhu, asi nguva dzose taura nachiremba wako kana chiremba kuti uone kuti chirwere chepfungwa chinogona kuva chinonyanya kukosha pane zvaunoda iwe pachako.
> Sources:
> Eysenk, HJ. Migumisiro yePyrotherapy: Kuongorora. Nhaurirano yeKubvunzurudza Psychology. 1952; 16: 319-324.
Shedler, J. Kubudirira kwepfungwa dzepfungwa dzepfungwa. American Psychologist. 2010; 65 (2): 98-109.
Soromoni, D. The Professorial Provocateur. The New York Times; 2003 .