Upenyu Hwakatanga, Basa, uye Mipiro kuPychology
"Kunyange pasina kubudirira, vanhu vanosika vanowana mufaro mubasa rakanyatsoitwa. Kudzidza nokuda kwaro kune mubayiro." - Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi kubva kuKusikidzana: Kuyerera uye Psychology yekuwana nekuwana , 1996.
Chii Csikszentmihalyi Chakanakisisa Kwazvo
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi mupfungwa wepfungwa uyo akasika pfungwa yekuyerera. Iye anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuyerera kwepfungwa uye mafungiro akanaka.
Upenyu Hwekutanga hweCsikszentmihalyi
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (akadudzwa ini-HIGH chick-sent-me-HIGH-ee) akaberekerwa Fiume, Italy, iye zvino ari Rijeka, Croatia, musi wa29 Svondo 1934. Achikura, ainyatsoziva muHungarian, Italy uye German. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, akapedza nguva mumusasa wevasungwa weItaly kwaakawana chess. Akawana kutamba chesche kuti ive nzira yakanakisisa yekuita kuti asafuratira pane zvaive zvichiitika kwaari, chimwe chinhu chaaitenda chakamubatsira kuti ave nani pane dzimwe dzakawanda.
Pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu, akaenda kuSwitzerland uko aive nemukana wekunzwa Carl Jung achitaura. Chiitiko chacho chakange chiine simba kwaari. Akazotsanangura zvakare, "Sezvo mwana ari muhondo ndakanga ndaona chimwe chinhu chakanyanganisa nemaitiro evanhu vakuru-vakura vandaivimba-vakaronga mafungiro avo.Ndakanga ndichiedza kuwana huri nani huri kuronga hupenyu hwangu. achiedza kurarama nezvimwe zvezvinhu zvakanakisisa zvehupenyu hwevanhu. "
Mushure mokudzidza mabhuku naJung na Freud , Csikszentmihalyi akasarudza kutamira kuAmerica pazera remakore makumi maviri nemasere kuti ave nechidzidzo chepfungwa. Akaenda kuYunivhesiti yeChicago apo akawana BHA yake muna 1960 uye Ph.D. muna 1965. Muna 1969, akadzoka kuYunivhesiti yeChicago semuprofesa apo akaramba achishanda kusvikira 2000.
Basa raCsikszentmihalyi
Csikszentmihalyi anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuda kwekufunga kwake kwekuyerera , izvo zvaakatsanangura mumutambo wake 1990 bhuku Kuratidzika: The Psychology of Optimal Experience . Maererano neCsikszentmihalyi, vanhu vanofara apo vari mune imwe nzvimbo yekuyerera, rudzi rwekukurudzira kunosanganisira kunyatsofunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu kana basa. Anotsanangura kuratidzika se "kunyatsobatanidzwa mubasa rega pachako." Ego inowira "Nguva inobhururuka" Chiito chose, kufamba, uye fungiro zvinotevera zvisingaiti kubva kune yapfuura, kufanana nekutamba jazz. zvakare uchishandisa unyanzvi hwako kune zvakanakisisa. "
Contributions to Psychology
Nharo yaMihaly Csikszentmihalyi yekuyerera yakakonzera vanhu mumarudzi akawanda. Mutungamiri wekare weUnited States Bill Clinton uye aimbova gurukota reBrithani Tony Blair vakafanirwa kutungamirirwa neBhuku rake : Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience . Jimmy Johnson, aimbova mudzidzisi weDallas Cowboys, akashandisa pfungwa dzaCsikszentmihalyi kugadzirira 1993 Super Bowl. Csikszentmihalyi pfungwa dzave dzakakonzerawo vanhu mune zvebhizimisi, hurumende, dzidzo uye zvigadzirwa.
Zvinyorwa Zvakasarudzwa naMihaly Csikszentmihalyi
Csikszentmihalyi munyori akawandisa, achibudisa zvinyorwa zvinopfuura 120 uye zvitsauko zvemabhuku pamusoro pemhando dzakasiyana-siyana mune zvepfungwa.
Kutsvakurudza kwake uye zvinyorwa pamusoro pomufaro uye zvisikwa zvakagadzirisawo chikamu chinokosha chekuwedzera kufarira kufungidzira kwepfungwa. Heano vashoma vasarudzwa:
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Kunze kweBoredom nekuzvidya Mwoyo: Kuyerera Mukushanda Nekutamba, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. naCsikszentmihalyi, IS, eds. (1988). Optimal Experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Kuyerera: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper uye Row.
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1996). Kunaka: Kuyerera uye Psychology yekuwana uye Kuvhara. New York: Harper Perennial.
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1998). Kuwana Kuyerera : Psychology yekubatana neZuva reMupenyu. Basic Books.
- Gardner, H., Csikszentmihalyi, M., uye Damon, W. (2002). Bhizimisi Yakanaka: Utungamiri, Kuyerera, uye Kuita Kwechirevo. Basic Books.
Sources:
Cooper, A. (1998). Murume akawana kuyerera. Shambhala Sun. http://www.shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1942
Encyclopedia of World Biography. (2006). Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Michigan: Gale Group.
Geirland, John (1996). Endai nekuyerera. Wired. http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.09/czik_pr.html
Sobel, D. (1995). Kubvunzurudza: Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Omni 17 (4) , 73.