Makadhiyadhi maitiro ndeaya anotonga unhu hwomunhu kusvika pakuti munhu anozozivikanwa kwavari. Don Juan, somuenzaniso, aive akakurumbira zvikuru nokuda kwebasa rake repabonde iro zita rake rakafanana nemafungiro e mwoyobreaker uye libertine. Uyu musikana anonzi Narcissus weGreek mythology akafadzwa zvikuru nekufungidzira kwake pachake kuti zita rake rakazova mudzi wezwi rokuti narcissism kana kuti kunyanya kuzvidzora.
Maererano neChadinal Trait Maererano neAllport
Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Gordon Allport aifarira mukuziva kuti ingani hune unhu huripo .
Mushure mokusangana neshoko rechiito reChirungu nezvemashoko akaenzana nouunhu, akaratidza kuti pane mazwi anopfuura 4 000 akasiyana anotsanangura unhu hweunhu. Mushure mokuongorora mazwi aya, akaita matatu matatu akasiyana ayo rimwe nerimwe rinogona kuwira.
1. VaKadhidheni Mitezo
Makadhiyadhi maitiro ainyanya kukosha, asiwo maitiro. Unhu hwakadaro hwakasungirirwa zvakanakira unhu hwomumwe munhu kuti munhu anove akafanana zvakafanana neunhu hwakadaro.
Maitiro eKadhidheni anowanzokura mushure mehupenyu uye anoshumira kugadzirisa zvinenge zvose zvechinangwa chemunhu, maitiro, uye mafungiro ake. Nhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare dzinowanzofungidzirwa maererano nematauriro avo.
Mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira:
- Amai Teresa anonyatsobatanidzwa nekunaka uye rudo. Nhasi, zita rake rinonyanya kufanana nezviito izvozvo.
- Adolph Hitler inobatanidzwa nechakaipa, uye zita rake rinovhiringidza kuenzanisa kwechisimba uye kuipa.
- Einstein anozivikanwa nokuda kwounyanzvi hwake, uye nhasi zita rake rinowanzoshandiswa sechirevo chekufananidzira kweuchenjeri.
- Machiavelli (utsinye)
- Kristu-akafanana (akanaka, akatendeka, mutsvene)
- Ebenezer Scrooge (makaro)
- Martin Luther King, Jr. (kururamisira uye kuenzana)
- Abraham Lincoln (kuvimbika)
- Sigmund Freud (psychoanalytical)
2. Central Central
Allport aidavira kuti humwe hutsika hunhu hunozivikanwa uye hunoita sechinhu chikuru chekuvaka kweunhu hwevanhu vakawanda. Kana iwe uchifunga nezvemashoko makuru iwe ungashandisa kurondedzera unhu hwako hwose; ipapo izvo zvichida iwe unhu hwako hukuru. Unogona kuzvitsanangura iwe wakachenjera, mutsa, uye unobuda. Icho ndidzo maitiro ako epakati.
Allport aidavira kuti vanhu vazhinji vane hutano hunosvika mashanu kubva kune gumi uye kuti vanhu vazhinji vane zvakawanda zvezviitiko izvi kune imwe nzvimbo. Mienzaniso mishomanana yehutano hunosanganisira kutendeseka, ushamwari, rupo, kushushikana, uye kushingaira.
3. Zviito zveChikoro
Idzi humwe hutsika hwaive yechitatu yezviito izvo Allport akarondedzerwa. Unhu hwakadaro hunowanzozviratidza mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, iwe ungangowanzova munhu akanaka kwazvo, asi iwe unogona kuva munyoro-nyoro paunozviwana uri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakawanda. Tsika dzakadaro dzinowanzozviratidza pachavo mumamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Kazhinji munhu anononoka, anounganidza, somuenzaniso, angave akazvidya moyo paanotarisana nokutaura pachena.
Pfungwa dzekupedzisira pamakadhidheni maitiro
Kunyange zvazvo makadhiine maitiro anoonekwa pakati pezvinonyanya kukoshesa maitiro, ivowo havashoma.
Vanhu vashomanana vanotongwa nemusoro mukuru mumwechete kuti inoumba mararamiro ehupenyu hwavo hwose.
Unhu hunhu hweunhu hunoratidza kuti unhu hwemunhu wese hunoumbwa nemhando dzakasiyana siyana. Apo maonero ekutanga ehutano wacho anoratidza mazana kana kunyange zviuru zvehutano zvaivepo (zvakadai seAllport's approach), mazano emazuva ano anotaura kuti humwe hunoumbwa hunenge hupamhi hupamhi hupamhi .