Ko James-Lange dzidziso inobata sei manzwiro?
Chii chinokonzera manzwiro ? Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinodzora manzwiro aunoona? Chinangwa chei manzwiro anoshumira? Mibvunzo yakadaro inofadza mafirologist kwemakore emakore uye nhamba dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana-siyana dzakabuda kuti dzinotsanangura kuti sei uye nei tine manzwiro . Imwe yezvinyorwa zvekutanga zvakagadziriswa nevatsvakurudzi dzaizivikanwa seJakobe-Lange nheyo yemanzwiro.
Yakagadzirirwa kuzvimiririra nemagariro ezvepfungwa William William uye physiologist Carl Lange, James-Lange nyanzvi yemanzwiro anoratidza kuti manzwiro anoitika semugumisiro wehupenyu hwekuita kune zviitiko. Mune mamwe mazwi, dzidziso iyi inotaura kuti vanhu vanogona kugadzirisa mafambiro ehupenyu kune zvinokonzera zvakatipoteredza uye kuti kududzirwa kwavo kwekuita kwechimiro ichocho kunoguma nemanzwiro ekunzwa.
Iko-James-Lange Dzidziso Inoshanda Sei?
Maererano nedzidziso iyi, kupupurira kwekunze kwekunze kunotungamirira kumararamiro ehupenyu. Manzwiro ako emanzwiro anobva pane kuti iwe unodudzira sei maitiro ako chaiwo.
Somuenzaniso, ngatiti iwe uri kufamba mumasango, uye iwe unoona bheji rinopisa. Iwe unotanga kudedera, uye mwoyo wako unotanga kukwikwidza. Iko-James-Lange dzidziso inokurudzira kuti iwe uchadudzira mararamiro ako chaiwo uye kugumisa kuti iwe unotya ("Ndiri kudedera, saka ndinotya.")
William James akatsanangura, "Mafungiro angu, zvakasiyana, ndeyekuti kuchinja kwemuviri kunotevera zvakananga PERCEPTION yezvinofadza, uye kuti manzwiro edu ehumwe shanduko sezvaanoitika ISI manzwiro."
Kune mumwe muenzaniso, fungidzira kuti uri kufamba mumoto wakavhara motokari kumotokari yako. Iwe unoona munhu ane rima ari kutevera shure kwako uye mwoyo wako unotanga kukwikwidza. Maererano nekaJakobho-Lange dzidziso, iwe zvino unoshandura mararamiro ako pamusana pekutya sekutya. Nokudaro, unonzwa uchitya uye wotamira kumotokari yako nokukurumidza sezvaunokwanisa.
Vose James naLange vaitenda kuti kunyange zvazvo zvaive zvichikwanisika kufungidzira kuva nemanzwiro akadai sekutya kana kutsamwa, pfungwa yako yakafungidzirwa yemanzwiro aizove yakagadzikana patsika remanzwiro chaiwo. Sei? Nokuti vaifunga kuti pasina mhinduro chaiyo yepanyama iyo yavakatenda yakagadzirisa manzwiro, hazvingakwanisi kutarisana nemanzwiro aya "paanoda." Mune mamwe mazwi, maitiro epanyama anofanira kuvepo kuitira kuti awane chaiyo mafungiro chaiwo.
Mitsoropodzi yeThe James-Lange Theory
The Cannon-Bard theory of the emotions , proposed in the 1920s by Walter Cannon and Philip Bard, directly in the theory James-Lange theory. Cannon uye nharo yaBard pane zvinoratidza kuti maitiro edu emuviri, akadai sokuchema uye kudedera, anokonzerwa nemanzwiro edu.
Kunyange zvazvo vatsvakurudzi vemazuva ano vanonyanya kupedza dzidziso ye James-Lange, pane dzimwe nguva apo mhinduro dzepanyama dzinotungamirira pakuva nemanzwiro. Kukudziridza chinotyisa chirwere uye phobias chaiyo mienzaniso miviri.
Semuenzaniso, munhu angave ane hutano hwehuviri hwakafanana nekurwara munharaunda, izvo zvino zvinotungamirira kumanzwiro emanzwiro akadai sokuti unonetseka. Kana kushamwaridzana kunoumbwa pakati pemamiriro ezvinhu nemamiriro ekumanikidzwa, munhu wacho anogona kutanga kudzivisa chero chinhu chingazokonzera mafungiro akadaro.
Chimwe chinonyanya kutsoropodza pfungwa yacho ndechokuti hakuna James kana Lange vakatevedzera pfungwa dzavo pane chero chinhu chakange chichiita sechiedza chakaongororwa. Pane kudaro, chidzidzo chacho chaive chikuru chekutsvaga nekushambadzira kwehurumende. Vose James naLange vakapa zvimwe zvipatara zvinowanikwa kuti vatsigire dzidziso yavo. Semuenzaniso, Lange wakataura nezvekuona kwechiremba mumwechete kuti ropa rinopfuurira kune dhehenya rakawedzerwa apo murwere ainge akatsamwa, izvo zvaakadudzira sekutsigira pfungwa yake kuti kugadzikana kwemuviri kune zvinokonzera kukanganisa kwakakonzera ruzivo rwemanzwiro iwayo.
Yaiva basa rekupedzisira remasayendisiti uye masayendisiti ekuongorora avo vakaratidza zvimwe zvinokanganisa nedzidziso yaJakobe-Lange yemanzwiro.
Semuenzaniso, vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti zvose zvipenyu nevanhu vakange vambosangana nekurasikirwa kukuru vaikwanisa kugona kunzwa. Maererano naJames naLange, kupindura kwepanyama kunofanirwa kuve kwakakosha kuti uwane manzwiro. Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti kunyange avo vane musuru wechirwere uye kusagadzikana kwepfungwa vakakwanisa kuramba vachinzwa manzwiro akadai sokufara, kutya, uye kutsamwa.
Imwe nyaya ine pfungwa ndeyokuti kana yakaedzwa nokushandisa magetsi ekusimudzira, kushandiswa kwekusimudzira kune imwe nzvimbo haina kutungamirira kumanzwiro mamwechete nguva dzose. Munhu angave akave nemafungiro akafanana ehupenyu kune chinokurudzira, asi anoziva mafungiro akasiyana zvachose. Zvinhu zvakadai semunhu aripo mupfungwa, zvinotaurwa mumamiriro ezvinhu, uye kugadzirisa kwevamwe vanhu zvese zvinogona kuita basa mukukonzera mafungiro evanhu.
Kutsigira kweJames-Lange Theory of Emotion
Kunyange zvazvo inoratidzika sokunge iyo James-Lange dzidziso haifaniri kuva chimwe chinhu kunze kwechinhu chaunogona kudzidza nokuda kwezvakakosha zvekare, inoramba ichikosha nhasi nokuti vanotsvakurudza vanoramba vachiwana uchapupu hunotsigira zvimwe zvikamu zvemashoko aJakobe naLange ekutanga.
Humwe humwe uchapupu mukutsigira chirevo:
- PET zvidzidzo zvakajekesa kuti maitiro makuru anokonzera kusiyana kwemaitiro emabasa muuropi.
- Zvidzidzo zvakafanana zvakaratidza kuti chiroto chinonzi somatosensory cortex, uye nzvimbo yeuropi inobatanidza nekugadzirisa ruzivo rwemashoko kubva mumasumbu, ganda, uye nhengo, yakatanga kushingaira munguva dzemhinduro dzepfungwa.
- Zvidzidzo zvakare zvinoratidza kuti maonero ezvinyorwa zvemuviri anowanzoita kuti vanhu vanzwe sei manzwiro. Chimwe chekudzidza, somuenzaniso, chakawana kuti vatori vechikamu avo vainyanya kufunga nezvemiviri yavo miviri yavo vakaonawo mamwe mafungiro asina kufanana akadai sekuzvidya mwoyo.
Shoko Rinobva
Manzwiro anoumba chikamu chakakura chehupenyu hwedu saka hazvishamisi kuti vatsvakurudzi vakashanda nesimba rakawanda kuti vanzwisise kuti sei uye nei zvichibva shure kwemashoko edu emanzwiro. Iyo James-Lange dzidziso yemanzwiro inomiririra imwe chete yezvinyorwa zvekutanga. Kunyange zvazvo dzidziso dzave dzakatsoropodzwa uye dzakashandurwa zvakanyanya mumakore, pfungwa dzaJames naLange dzinoramba dzichishandisa uye dzinofadza nhasi.
Nheyo yacho yakashandurwa kwenguva yakareba uye ichikwikwidza pfungwa dzemazwi akadai seCannon-Bard nharo yemanzwiro uye Schacter's two-factor theory of emotion akaiswawo. Nhasi, vanotsvakurudza vakawanda vanogona kupa pfungwa panzvimbo yekuti manzwiro edu ari mugumisiro wekuita sezvinoitwa naJames naLange, zviitiko zvedu zvepfungwa zvinoshandurwa pane zvose zviri zviviri kugadzirisa pamwe nemamwe mashoko.
> Sources:
> Feldman Barrett, L. Tsanangudzo ndeyechokwadi. American Psychological Association . 2012; 12 (3): 413-429.
> Hockenbury, DH & Hockenbury, SE. Kuziva Psychology. New York: Worth Worth Publishers; 2011.
> Pastorino, EE & Doyle-Portillo, SM. Chii Chinonzi Psychology? Essentials. Belmont, CA: Wadworth Cengage Kudzidza; 2013.