Kusiyanisa Pakati Pezvinowanikwa Maitiro Evanhu Anokonzerwa Nezvidambudziko
Ndezvipi kufanana uye kusiyana pakati pezvechirwere chinokonzera kushungurudzika uye kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga? Ngatitarisei pane zvakaparadzaniswa zvezviitiko izvi zviviri uye zvakasiyana nekusiyana kwekufunga nemafambiro akasiyana pane imwe neimwe mamiriro.
Chirwere Chekunyanya Kuzvidya Mwoyo (GAD) vs Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
Kunyange zvazvo kuchinja kwakawanda kwakagadzirwa mukugadzirisa kwezvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo nekudhindwa kwechishanu yeChirongwa cheDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM-5 yenguva pfupi), kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga (pane dzimwe nguva kunonzi social phobia) uye zvinokonzera kushungurudzika kwepfungwa (GAD ) ramba richigara pamwe chete muchikamu chakafanana chekuongorora.
Asi, kunyange zvazvo vachigoverana zvimwe zvinhu, GAD uye kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga (SAD) zvinetso zvakasiyana.
Zvikamu Zvakagoverwa - Zvakafanana pakati peGAD neSAD
Vose GAD neSAD vanoratidzirwa nekuramba vachizvidya mwoyo izvo zvinopfurikidza kana zvisingaverengeki kune chaiyo pangozi. Chii chinorehwa ne "kutyisidzira." zvisinei, zvakasiyana pakati pezviviri (ona pasi apa.) Vanhu vane chirwere chekunyanya kushungurudzika dzimwe nguva vanoona zviratidzo zvepanyama zvinokonzerwa nekuzvidya mwoyo kwavo, sezvinoitwa nevaya vane GAD. Vakaderedza kufunga-munyaya dzakawanda dzinoparadza (kufungidzira zviitiko zvakanyanya-zviitiko) -pakati pemhando mbiri dzekuzvidya mwoyo pamwe chete.
GAD uye SAD zvinogonawo kuitika pamwe chete, uye kuva nechimwe chezviitiko izvi kunowedzera mukana wekuti munhu angava nekuora mwoyo kana zvimwe zvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo zvakadai sekugadzirisa dambudziko rekushungurudzika kwepfungwa kana kuvhara-kusagadzikana kwepfungwa.
Kusiyanisa Mukufungisisa Pakati peGAD uye Social Anxiety Disorder
Kunyangwe mhando dzekufunga misungo ingave yakafanana, ndeyo Pfungwa inogutsikana iyo inoparadzanisa GAD kubva mune zvinetso zvevanhu.
Vanhu vane GAD vanowanzozvidya mwoyo pamusoro pemhando dzakasiyana. Zvinotambudza zvinogona kunge zviri pamusoro pehupenyu hwehupenyu-hwakadai sehutano kana mari-asiwo kune zvezvimwe zviduku, zuva rimwe nerimwe zvinonetsa izvo vamwe vangatadza kuti varege kuona zvakanyanya. Kushungurudzika kwevanhu mune zvekugarisana hakusi kazhinji kune avo vane GAD; zvisinei, chinangwa chavo chinowedzera kuva pamusoro pehukama hwehukama panzvimbo yekutya kuongorora.
Semuenzaniso, jaya rine GAD rinogona kunetseka zvisingatarisirwi pamusoro pezvinoreva kurwisana nemusikana wake. Amai vane GAD vangave vaine hanya zvikuru nekutaura kuti kana kwete here akaita sarudzo yakarurama yekuita kuti mwana wavo ashandure zvikoro uye kana mwanasikana wake aine kuchinja kwakanaka.
Vanhu vane chirwere chekushushikana mupfungwa, kune rumwe rutivi, vanotanga kunetseka nekusangana nevanhu vatsva, kuonekwa, nekuita pamberi pevamwe (somuenzaniso, vachitaura mukirasi kana kutamba chiridzwa mubhande.) Mufungo wavo unowanzo nzvimbo pamusana pekutsvaga kuongorora uye pamwe nekuramba. Semuenzaniso, murume ane chirwere chinokonzera kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga angave akaoma kutanga kutaurirana mubasa rinofadza nguva nokuti anotya kuti achaonekwa achizvidya mwoyo, achiti "chimwe chinhu chisina maturo," uye anosekwa navamwe vake. Mukadzi asina kuroorwa ane chirwere chekushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga anogona kudzivisa kufambidzana zvachose nekuda kwekuzvidya mwoyo pamusoro pekunyadzisa kana kuzvinyadzisa pazuva.
Tsanangudzo yakafanana pano, zvakare, inyanzvi yekutambudzika inokonzera kukwanisa komumwe munhu kukudziridza kana kuchengetedza ukama, kuzadzisa zvisungo zvekutanga, nekusangana nehupenyu hwake hwepamusoro uye hwehutano.
Kusiyanisa mune Maitiro pakati peGAD uye Social Anxiety Disorder
Tichifunga kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvekufunganya -emotions nemafungiro-zvinobatana, zvinotevera kuti maitiro akasiyana pakati peGAD nehutano hwehupfumi hwevanhu huri pachena.
Zvose zviri zviviri zvinoratidzirwa nehupamhi hwekudzivisa, asi chikonzero chinoita kuti kudzivisa kunogona kunge kwakasiyana. Ngatitii munhu anoshevedza murwere pazuva rekuendesa kubasa. Kana munhu uyu aine GAD, angave achidzivisa musangano kunze kwekutya kuti haana kuisa zvakakwana pakugadzirira hurukuro yake uye kuti haazombopedza nguva. Kana munhu uyu ane chirwere chekushungurudzika kwevanhu, angave achidzivisa musangano kunze kwekunetseka kuti hapana munhu angada pfungwa dzake kana kuti vamwe vangaona kana akapika paanenge achitaura.
Kubudirira uye Kuvandudza Matambudziko Munyika Yose
Ivhareji yemakore ekutanga ndiyo inotevera yeGAD pane kudengenyeka kwevanhu munzanga, makore 31 kune yekare uye yezera rechigumi chekupedzisira.
Izvozvo zvakati, avo vane GAD vanowanzova nezviratidzo kare vasati vatsva kurapwa.
Kushungurudzika kwevechiri kuyaruka nekukura kwevanhu vakuru, apo vanhu vanowanzova nehuwandu hwekushanduka-shanduka kwevanhu (somuenzaniso, zvikoro, ushamwari, kana hukama hwepabonde), zvinogona kuwedzera kukanganisa kwevanhu mumagariro. Basa revanhu vakuru (somuenzaniso, mari, kuberekera vana, kana kusarudza basa) kunogona kuwedzera zviratidzo zveGAD.
Kune vanhu vakwegura, zvinyorwa zvekunetseka uye maitiro akabatanidzwa zvinogona kuchinja zvishoma. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vakwegura vane chirwere chekushushikana kwevanhu munzanga vanogona kushungurudzika uye kunyara pamusoro pechiratidzo kana kukanganisa (somuenzaniso kusanzwa kwakashata kana kutengesa kukuru) kunovatungamirira kudzivisa kana kukuvadza zvakanyanya kushamwaridzana kwevanhu. Mharidzo yeGAD kune vanhu vakwegura vakuru ( inowanzosangana nezvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo muzera rezera iri ) inofanirwa nekuratidzwa kwezviratidzo zvemuviri nyore nyore kupfuura zviratidzo zvepfungwa. Gare gare muhupenyu, vanhu vane GAD vanonyatsokwanisa kutadza kuzvidzora kusazvidzora nezvehutano hwemhuri kana hupenyu hwavo.
Unoita Matambudziko Aya Co-Occur?
Hazvishamisi kune vanhu vane GAD kuti vasangane nemiganho yemumwe mupfungwa dzepfungwa dzepfungwa munguva yeupenyu hwavo, kana kunyange panguva imwecheteyo. Dambudziko rinonyanya kuitika iri kuora mwoyo . Kunyange zvakadaro, chikamu chikuru chevanhu vanorwisana neC-inowanikwa GAD uye kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga. GAD uye mushure mekurwadziwa kwepfungwa zvinokonzera chirwere (PTSD) zvinowanzoitika pamwe chete.
Nenzira yakanaka, mishonga yeGAD uye yehutano hwepfungwa inowanikwa. Mishonga yakawanda inobatsira zvose zvinetso. Kuziva kwepfungwa maitiro epfungwa yepfungwa ndeyekutanga maitiro epfungwa dzemamiriro aya; rudzi urwu rwemishonga runobatsira munhu kugadzirisa kusava nehanya mukufunga uye kubvisa zvakanyanya kudzivisa maitiro sezvinobvira.
Pasi Panoenderana Nezvakafanana uye Kusiyanana Pakati Pezvakawanda Zvekunyanya Kuzvidya Mwoyo Dambudziko uye Kwemagariro Anetseka Dambudziko
Kunyange zvazvo GAD neSAD vachigovana chiratidzo chekuzvidya mwoyo, vanosiyana mune zvakagadziriswa zvakagadzikana zvine chokuita nekuzvidya mwoyo uye pamwe nezvikonzero zvinoita maitiro anokonzerwa nehutano. Zvose izvi zvinogona kuderedza hupenyu hwehupenyu, uye zvakakosha kune vanhu vane mamiriro ezvinhu aya kutsvaga kurapwa. Zvose zvepfungwa nemishonga zvinogona kuderedza zviratidzo zvisinganzwisisiki uye kubvumira vanhu kuti vararame hupenyu hwavo sezvakakwana.
> Sources
- > American Psychiatric Association. Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual ye Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
- > Castonguay, L., naT. Oltmans (eds). Chirwere chinokonzera kushungurudzika. 2013. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
- > Ruscio, A., Haloni, L., Lim, C. et al. Cross-Sectional Kuenzaniswa kweEpidemiology ye DSM-5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Munyika Yose. JAMA Psychiatry . 2017. 74 (5): 465-475.