Chirongwa cheHuman Psychology
Chii chinoumba maitiro edu? Sei vamwe vanhu vakadaro vatungamiri vakuru? Kusarura kunowedzera sei, uye tingakunda sei? Izvi zvinongova mashomanana emibvunzo yakawanda yekufarira mundima yehupfumi hwepabonde. Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinogadzirisa nyaya dzinogona kuita kuti munhu ave nehutano hwakanaka uye hukama hwakanaka, kubva pakunzwisisa kuti nei kutyidzana nemhirizhonga zvichiitika pakuongorora kuti sei dzimwe nguva vanhu vanokundikana kubatsira vanhu vanenge vachida.
Chii Chinonzi Social Psychology?
Maererano nomudzidzi wepfungwa Gordon Allport , social psychology chirango chinoshandisa nzira dzesayenzi "kunzwisisa uye kutsanangura kuti mafungiro, manzwiro, uye mufambiro wevanhu pachavo zvinokanganiswa sei, chaiwo, kana kuti kuvapo kune vamwe vanhu." Chaizvoizvo, hutano hwepfungwa hwevanhu hune chokuita nekunyatsonzwisisa mararamiro emunhu mumwe nomumwe anokonzerwa nehutano hwemunharaunda umo maitiro aya anoita.
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Kunzwisisa Kubatana Pakati Pezvokuzvizivisa Nehukama
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Kutsigirwa Kwemagariro Evanhu Kunokonzera Utano uye Zvakanaka-Kuva
Iwe zvichida watoziva kuti vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vane simba guru pane zvaunoita uye zvisarudzo zvaunoita. Chimbofunga kuti ungaita sei mumamiriro ezvinhu kana iwe uri wega uye kana pane vamwe vanhu vari muimba. Zvisarudzo zvaunoita uye maitiro auri kuratidza zvinogona kuvimba kwete chete kuti vanhu vangani varipo asi chaizvoizvo iwe uripo. Semuenzaniso, iwe unogona kunge wakaita zvakasiyana zvakasiyana kana iwe uri neboka revanoshamwaridzana kupfuura iwe unenge wakakomberedza boka revamwe vashandi kana vatariri kubva kubasa.
Mafungiro evanhu mune zvepabonde anotarisa nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzevanhu, kusanganisira:
- Maitiro eboka
- Maonero evanhu
- Utungamiri
- Maitiro asina vanhu
- Kuwirirana
- Kukanganiswa
- Kusarura
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti social psychology haisi kungoona kutarisana kwevanhu. Kunzwisisa kwehutano uye kushamwaridzana kwenharaunda zvakare kunokosha pakunzwisisa maitiro evanhu. Nzira iyo yatinoona nayo vamwe vanhu (uye nzira yatinofunga kuti vanotiona isu) inogona kuita basa rakasimba mumabasa akasiyana-siyana uye zvisarudzo. Chimbofungidzira kwekanguva nezvekuti iwe dzimwe nguva unoita zvakasiyana sei munzvimbo yevanhu kupfuura iwe ungaita kana iwe uri pamba iwe pachako. Pamba iwe unogona kunge uine ruzha uye unofara, uchiri munharaunda unogona kunge wakanyanya kukundwa uye wakachengetwa.
Sei ichi? Nokuti vanhu vanotenderedza isu vanoita pfungwa dzedu, manzwiro, mafungiro, mafungiro, uye pfungwa. Kuvapo kwevamwe vanhu kunogona kuita musiyano muzvisarudzo zvatinoita uye nezviito zvatinotora.
Kunyange ruzivo rwemagariro evanhu hunowanzova munharaunda yekudzidzira, tsvakurudzo yokuti masayendisiti ezvemagariro evanhu anoita anogona uye ane simba rakawanda pakunzwisisa kwedu kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano hwepfungwa nehutano.
Semuenzaniso, kutsvakurudza pamusoro pekuenzanisa kwakakonzera kuti tinzwisise kuti nei vechidiki dzimwe nguva vachienda kune zvakakura zvakakwana kuti vataridzane neboka ravo revanhu-dzimwe nguva kuti vakuvadze utano hwavo uye hukama hwakanaka. Somugumisiro, vanodzidza nezvepfungwa vanokwanisa kukurudzira zvirongwa zvehutano zvehutano uye nzira dzekurapa dzinobatsira kubatsira vechidiki kurwisa zvinogona kuita zvinokuvadza zvakadai sekusvuta, kunwa, uye kushandisa zvinhu.
Vanhu Vakava Sei Nehanya Nezvemagariro Evanhu Pepychology?
Apo Plato aireva pane pfungwa ye "vanhu vakawanda," uye pfungwa dzakadai sekushamwaridzana kwevanhu uye hurumende yekufambisa kwakatangwa kuma1900 apfuura, yakanga isati yavapo mushure meHondo Yenyika II iyo kutsvakurudza pamusoro pehutano hwepabonde kwakatanga zvakasimba.
Izvo zvinotyisa zveHolocaust zvakaita kuti vatsvakurudzi vadzidze migumisiro yehukama hwevanhu, kufanana , uye kuteerera . Chii chinogona kutsanangura kuti sei vanhu vakawanda vakapinda muzviito zvakashata uye zvakashata zvakadaro, vepfungwa dzezvemagariro evanhu vanozvibvunza? Ko vanhu vaingova vachitevera mirairo uye vachikotamira kumagariro evanhu, kana kuti kune mamwe masimba ekushanda akaita kuti vanhu vaite zviito zvinoparadza zvakadaro here?
Nokutsvaga mibvunzo iyi, masayendisiti ezvepabonde akazokwanisa kuwana kunzwisisa kukuru kwesimba rezvemagariro evanhu semasimba, kuterera , nekuteerera.
Somuenzaniso, nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu, Stanley Milgram, akakwanisa kuratidza kuti vanhu vanoda kusvika sei kuteerera kuteerera masimba. Mune mitsva yezvino yakaipa yakaongororwa , Milgram nevamwe vake vakaraira vatori vechidzidzo kuti vauye zvavaifunga kuti zvinogona kutyisa mumwe munhu. Muzvokwadi, kushungurudzwa kwakanga kusiri kwechokwadi uye mumwe munhu aingozvifungidzira kuti anokuvadzwa nemagetsi emagetsi-asi kuvhara 65 muzana yevaya vakapinda muchidzidzo vakapa huwandu hwekutyisidzira chete nokuti chiremera chikavaudza kuti ita saizvozvo.
Mafungiro evanhu evanhu akaenderera mberi kukura mukati mezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, zvichifuridzira tsvakurudzo yakave yakakonzera kutinzwisisa kwedu kwehupenyu hwehutano nemafambiro. Nyika yedu yehupfumi inoumba chikamu chakadaro chehupenyu hwedu, saka hazvishamisi kuti nyaya iyi inonakidza kune vakawanda.
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Zvinokurudzira Zvinyorwa Zvichida Zvingave Zvichikuchengetedza Kubva Pakuzadzisa Zvaunokwanisa
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Chii Chinonzi 9 Mhando Dzokukurukurirana Kusingabatsiri Iwe Unogona Kushaikwa?
Nzira Yekugara Kwemagariro evanhu yakasiyana sei nedzimwe dzidziso?
Zvakakosha kusiyanisa pfungwa dzepabonde kubva kune zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakafanana. Mafungiro evanhu evanhu anowanzovhiringidzwa nehuchenjeri uchenjeri, unhu hwepfungwa , uye hutsika . Chii chinokonzera kufanana kwepfungwa dzevanhu? Kusiyana nehuchenjeri huchenjeri, hunovimba nehutachiona hwekuona uye kushandura kwezvinyorwa, shanduko yepakati penyika inoshandisa nzira dzezvesayenzi uye kuongorora kwakanaka kwehutano hwemagariro evanhu. Vatsvakurudzi havangoiti kungofungidzira kana mafungiro pamusoro pekuti vanhu vanoita sei; vanofungira uye vanoita zvidzidzo zvinobatsira kuburitsa ukama pakati pemhando dzakasiyana.
Kunyange zvazvo hutano hwepfungwa hunoisa pfungwa pamunhu mumwe nomumwe, maitiro, uye pfungwa, hutano hwepakati hwevanhu hunotarisa pamamiriro ezvinhu. Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinofarira nezvehutano hwehutano hwemagariro evanhu uye boka rekubatana kweboka kune mafungiro nemaitiro.
Pakupedzisira, zvakakosha kusiyanisa pakati pepfungwa dzepakati penyika uye zvemagariro evanhu. Kunyange zvazvo kune kuenzana kwakawanda pakati pezviviri, hutano hwevanhu hunotarisa kutarisa maitiro emagariro evanhu uye hune simba pane imwe nzvimbo yakawanda-yakadzika. Nyanzvi dzezvematongerwo enyika dzinofarira masangano nemitemo iyo inokurudzira maitiro anoita vanhu. Nyanzvi dzezvepfungwa panzvimbo pacho dzinotarisa kumamiriro ezvinhu emamiriro ezvinhu anokanganisa mararamiro evanhu. Nepo mafungiro evanhu nemagariro evanhu vose vari kudzidza zvidzidzo zvakafanana, vari kutarisa pamibvunzo iyi kubva pane zvakasiyana.
Shoko Rinobva
Chii chinokonzera hutano hwepabonde sechinhu chinokosha? Kuona nguva pfupi pamashoko ezuva nezuva kunoratidza kuti matambudziko emagariro evanhu angakanganisa hupenyu hwevanhu sei. Nekunzwisisa zviri nani nyaya idzi, vanoona nezvepfungwa vanogona kutarisa nzira dzokudzivisa, kuziva, uye kugadzirisa matambudziko akadaro. Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinofunga nezvekunamata kwevanhu vane hune simba hwehupenyu hwevanhu pamwe chete nehutano hwevanhu pamwe chete, kusanganisira zvinetso zvakadai sekushandisa zvinhu, kuparwa kwemhosva, kusarura, kushungurudzwa kwemhuri, hutano hwevanhu, kudzvinyirira, uye utsinye.
Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu hazviwanzoshanda zvakajeka mumunda wehutano hwepfungwa, asi migumisiro yekutsvakurudza kwavo ine simba guru mune maitiro avanofunga nezvepfungwa nehutano hwepfungwa vanobata mafambiro anokonzerwa nemagariro evanhu. Zvirongwa zvehutano zvehupfumi, semuenzaniso, zvinowanzovimba nemishonga yekunyengetedza yakanzwisiswa nehutano hwemagariro evanhu kukurudzira vanhu kuti vaite tsika dzakanaka apo vachidzivisa zvinogona kuva nengozi.
> Kwakabva:
> Allport, GW (1985). Nhoroondo yezvekusangana kwepfungwa dzevanhu. MuG. Lindzey, uye E. Aronson, (Eds.), Handbook of Social Psychology, 1, (3), 1-46.