Ndezvipi avo vanoongorora maitiro epfungwa vanoita sei?
Paunonzwa nezvehutano hwepfungwa, chii chinouya mupfungwa? Iwe unofungidzira zvisinganzwisisiki zvinouraya zvinopedza mhosva here? Iwe unofunga nezvomupambi wemhosva anopinda mukati memurangariro wemuurayi kuitira kuti afanotaura nezvekufamba kwakezve? Kunyange apo pane dzimwe nguva vashoma vanoona nezvepfungwa dzepfungwa kunze uko vanokodzera izvi zvisingatauriki, pfungwa idzi dzakakurumbira haisi tsika.
Saka chii chaizvo chinonzi forensic psychology uye chii chinonzi forensic psychologists?
Forensic Psychology: The Basics
Maererano neAmerican Board of Forensic Psychology ,
"Forensic Psychology ndiyo kushandiswa kwesayenzi uye hutano hwepfungwa panyaya dzemibvunzo uye nyaya dzine chokuita nemutemo uye mvumo yepamutemo. Shoko rokuti" forensic "rinobva pashoko rechiLatini rokuti" forensis, "rinoreva kuti" yemusangano, "apo mitemo yematare yeRoma yekare yakabatwa. Nhasi kunyorwa kwemashoko kunoreva kushandiswa kwemasayenzi uye maitiro kune muvengi zvinoshandiswa nevasayendisiti vanoziva zvakanyanya. "
Forensic psychology ibasa rakasiyana rinobata nyaya dzinobatanidza psychology uye mutemo. Kufarira mu forensic psychology yakakura zvikuru mumakore achangopfuura. Kuwedzera kwenhamba dzezvirongwa zvedzidzo dzinopa zvidimbu zviviri mupfungwa uye mutemo, nevamwe vachipa unyanzvi mune zvepfungwa dzepfungwa.
Kunyange zvazvo forensic psychology inofungidzirwa sechinhu chitsva chakanaka munzvimbo yepfungwa, munda unotangira kumashure mazuva ekutanga mune nhoroondo yepfungwa. Mafirosofi nemasayendisiti vave vachitsvaka kunzwisisa chii chinoita kuti vanhu vaite mhosva, vanoita zvechisimba, kana kuti vanoita zvisiri izvo.
Forensic psychology inzvimbo itsva inokosha. Kutaura zvazviri, forensic psychology yakangozivikanwa sechinhu chinonyanya kukoshesa neAmerican Psychological Association muna 2001. Pasinei neizvi, munda we forensic psychology ine midzi yakadzokera kuWilhelm Wundt yekuongorora kwepfungwa yekutanga kuLeipzig, ChiGermany. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvimwe zviitiko zvikuru uye nhamba dzinokosha munhoroondo ye forensic psychology .
Mazuva ano, vezvepfungwa vezvepfungwa havasi kungofarira kunzwisisa kuti nei maitiro akadaro achiitika, asiwo mukubatsira kuderedza uye kudzivirira zviito zvakadaro.
Munda wakamboona kukura kunoshamisa mumakore achangopfuura sezvo vakawanda uye vakawanda vadzidzi vanofarira izvi zvakashandiswa bazi repfungwa. Mafirimu akakurumbira, mapurogiramu ezerevhizheni nemabhuku anobatsira kuparidzira munda, kazhinji kuratidzira masimba ane simba anogadzirisa mhosva dzakaipa kana kuti kuverenga pasi vanouraya vachishandisa psychology.
Kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zve forensic psychology munhau dzakakurumbira zvinoshamisa uye zvinotarisa-kutora, izvi zvinoratidzika hazvirevi zvakarurama. Forensic psychologists zvechokwadi vanoita basa rinokosha muhurumende yehurumende yehurumende, zvisinei, uye izvi zvinogona kuva basa rinonakidza kune vadzidzi vanofarira kushandisa maonero epfungwa kumutemo.
Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehutano hwepfungwa, kusanganisira nyaya dzinotarisa, nhoroondo yayo, uye mabasa anosarudza.
Chii Chinofanororwa neZvirevo Zvepfungwa Nezvepfungwa, Zvakanyatsoitika?
Kana iwe unonakidzwa nokudzidza nezvesayenzi yehutsika hwevanhu uye mutemo, ipapo forensic psychology inogona kukufarira iwe chaizvo. Munda wakaona kukura kunoshamisa mumakore achangobva kupfuura, sezvo vakawanda uye vakawanda vadzidzi vanofarira izvi zvakashandiswa bazi repfungwa. Zvisinei, forensic psychology inenge yakawanda zvikuru kupfuura maonero ekugwinya anoratidzwa mumitambo yeTV, mafirimu, uye mabhuku.
Kazhinji, forensic psychology inotsanangurwa senzira yekupindirana kwepfungwa uye mutemo, asi vanoongorora nezvepfungwa vanogona kuita mabasa akawanda saka tsanangudzo iyi inogona kusiyana.
Muzviitiko zvizhinji, vanhu vanoshanda mukati mehutano hwezvepfungwa havasi "vaongorori vezvepfungwa." Vanhu ava vangave varikurapa kwepfungwa dzepfungwa , masayendisiti ekuchikoro, vanodzivirira maitiro, kana vanopa mazano vanokweretesa ruzivo rwepfungwa dzavo kupa uchapupu, kuongorora, kana mazano mumatare edzimhosva kana pamhosva.
Semuenzaniso, kliniki yezvepfungwa inogona kupa hutano hwehutano hwakadai sekuongororwa, kuongororwa, uye kurapa kune vanhu vakawana hurumende yekutonga mhosva. Vanachiremba vanogona kubvunzwa kuti vaone kana munhu anokanganisa mhosva anenge ane chirwere chepfungwa , kana kuti angabvunzwa kupa mushonga kune vanhu vari kurwara nekushandisa zvinodhaka uye zvinodhaka.
Mumwe muenzaniso ndeye wepfungwa yepfungwa yechikoro . Nepo vanhu vari mubasa iri vanowanzoshanda nevana kuchikoro chekuchikoro, nyanzvi yepfungwa yechikoro inoshanda mu forensic psychology inogona kuongorora vana mukufungidzirwa kushungurudzwa kwemhosva, kubatsira kubatsira vana kupa uchapupu mumatare, kana kupa uchapupu mukuchengetedzwa kwevana mumakakatanwa.
Mimwe yemabasa anowanzoitwa mukati mehutano hwepfungwa inosanganisira:
- Kukwanisa kuongororwa
- Kutongwa kwekutonga
- Kuongorora kwengozi yekudzorerazve
- Uchapupu seuchapupu hunyanzvi
- Kuchengetwa kwevana mwana kuongororwa
Careers in Forensic Psychology
Kunyange zvazvo forensic psychology inogona kunge isiri iyo yose yekugadzirisa mhosva uye kupinda mukati memafungiro evakarurama, kune zvimwe zvakawanda zvezvinetso zvevanotarisira maitiro epfungwa. Kune huwandu hwese hwemabasa anosarudzwa mukati memunda we forensic psychology.
Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanoongorora maitiro epfungwa vanoshanda zvakananga muhurumende yehurumende yekutonga, kuongorora nekubata vanhu avo vakaita mhaka kana kuti vakave vapomerwa mhosva. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzezvepfungwa dzepfungwa dzinotsvaga mhaka dzekutukurwa kwevana, kushanda pamwe nevana vanazvapupu, kuongorora vanhu vanobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza vana mumakakatanwa, uye kuongorora kukwanisa kwepfungwa.
Kana iwe unofarira munda wakadai sehutungamiri hwezvemhosva kana upfumi hwepfungwa, ungada kupedza nguva imwe uchitsvakurudza mamwe mabasa anofadza anosarudza mu forensic psychology Dhigirii raunosarudza kutevera rinogona kurarama pane izvo zvaunoda kuita semuongorori wepfungwa , saka kufungidzira izvi kubva pakutanga kunogona kubatsira pakuronga nzira yako yekudzidzisa.
Kuongorora Kwepfungwa Kunobvepi Kune Dzimwe Nharaunda?
Saka chii chaicho chinogadzirisa hutano hwepfungwa hunoparadzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakadai sechirwere chepfungwa? Kazhinji, mabasa ehupfungwa wepfungwa yepamusoro haana kukwana maererano nehuwandu uye nguva. Imwe nyanzvi yezvepfungwa inobvunzwa kuti iite basa rakananga pane imwe neimwe nyaya, sekutarisa kana munhu anenge akafungidzirwa ane pfungwa dzakakwana kuti atarisana nemhosva.
Kusiyana nechechirwere chechipatara iyo apo mutengi achizvidira achida rubatsiro kana kuongororwa, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa inowanzoita nevashambadzi vasati varipo ivo pachavo vakasununguka. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuongorora, kuongororwa uye kurapwa zvakaoma zvikuru, sezvo vamwe vashandi vachida kurwisa kuedza kubatsira. Iyi mibvunzo pane mabasa akasiyana-siyana epfungwa anogona kubatsira kana iwe usina chokwadi.
> Sources:
> Davies, GM & Beech, AR (Eds). Forensic Psychology: Utsotsi, Kururamisira, Kuronga Kwemitemo. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 2018.
> Fulero, SM & Wrightsman, LS. Forensic Psychology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth; 2009.