Chirongwa chezveMishonga yekudengenyeka

Kuora mwoyo kunoporesa uye vanhu vazhinji vanoona kuvandudzwa kwezviratidzo zvavo pavanorapwa nemishonga, psychotherapy , kana kusanganiswa kwezviviri.

Asi kurapwa kunofanira kuenzaniswa. Izvo zvinoshanda kune mumwe munhu zvingasafanira kushanda kune imwe. Zvakakosha kutaurirana nachiremba uye chikwata chekurapa pamusoro pezvipi zvingasarudzwa zvingava zvakakosha mukuderedza kuderedza kwako.

7 Mitemo yePychotherapy Iyo Inobatsira Kudzvinyirira

Izwi rokuti "therapy" rinoshandiswa kurondedzera mhando dzakawanda dzemishonga. Masayendisiti anowanzoshandisa rudzi rwehutano hwekurapa. Vamwe vavo vanoshandisa nzira yekusarura, zvichibva pane zvinoda kurapwa nevamwe.

Kunyange zvazvo kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ehutachiona, chidzidzo che2013 chakaongorora kuti zvipi zvekurapa zvinobudirira zvikuru pakuora mwoyo. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti kurapa kunotevera kwaive kwakakosha mukuderedza kuora mwoyo:

1. Kurapa kwevanhu vari pakati pfupi kunopfupika kwenguva yakareba. Zvidzidzo zvakanyatsorongeka. Inobva pane pfungwa yokuti ukama hwako huri mberi kwekuora mwoyo. Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekubatsira varwere kuvandudza unyanzvi, hwakadai sehutano hwekukurukurirana uye unyanzvi hwokugadzirisa kusawirirana.
2. Kunzwisisa kwehutano hwehutano hunoita kuti vanhu vazive uye vatsive kupesana kwekunzwisisa uye mafambiro anoita hunosimbisa manzwiro ekuora mwoyo. Inowanzotora nguva shoma uye inonyanya kufunga nezvezvinetso zvemazuva ano uye unyanzvi hwokudzidzisa.

1. Unyanzvi hwehutano hwehutano hunodzidzisa varwere nzira yekugadzirisa hukama hwakanaka. Chinangwa ndechokuti varwere vanovandudza kukurukurirana uye vadzidze kuti vanga sei sangano rakasimba rekugarisana nevamwe vanhu zvichienderana nekuvimbika uye kuremekedza.
2. Psychodynamic therapy inowanzotaurwa mumabhaisikopo kana pop tsika. Inosanganisira kubatsira varwere kutsvaga kusaziva kwavo uye kusanzwisisika mavanga emupfungwa kubva kare. Chinangwa ndechekubatsira vanhu kuziva kuti kuderedza kwavo kwakabatana sei nezviitiko zvekare uye kusagadzirisa kusawirirana. Murapi anobatsira varwere kugadzirisa nyaya idzi kuitira kuti vagone kufambira mberi nenzira inobatsira.

1. Mazano ekutsigira haana kusimbiswa uye anotarisa pakuteerera murwere. Varwere vanokokwa kuti vagadzirise chero nyaya dzavanenge vachitaura pamusoro pazvo uye mushandisi anoshandisa tsitsi kuti anzwisise nekusigirwa.
2. Maitiro ekuita basa anokurudzira kuziva mabasa anofadza. Murapi uyu anotsvaka kuwedzera kushamwaridzana kwakanaka pakati pemurwere nemamiriro ezvinhu. Nokuita kushingaira uye kuita mamwe mabasa anofadza, zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo zvinogona kuderedzwa.
3. Dambudziko rekugadzirisa chirwere chinotarisirwa kurondedzera zvinetso zvevarwere. Zvadaro, mazano akawanda anopiwa. Murapi anobatsira murwere kuongorora maitiro uye kusarudza mhinduro.

Mhuri kana kuti Vakaroorana

Mhuri kana kuti mazano maviri anogona kuonekwa kana kuora mwoyo kunobata vamwe mumba. Kurapa kunosanganisira dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri kunotarisa pahukama hwevanhu.

Basa rinoitwa nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemumhuri mune kushushikana kwevarwere kunogona kuongororwa. Dzidzo pamusoro pekuora mwoyo nenzira yakawanda inogonawo kuva chikamu chekurapa kwemhuri.

Hospitalization

Hospitali inogona kudikanwa kana ichionekwa kuti murwere ave dambudziko kwaari kana vamwe. Murwere anonyatsofunga kuzviuraya, somuenzaniso, angada muchengeti wepachipatara.

Hospitalization inogona kusanganisira kurapwa kwemunhu mumwe nomumwe, kurapa kwemhuri, uye kurapa kweboka. Murwere anogonawo kupiwa mishonga.

Pane imwe nguva murwere akachengetedzeka kubva muchipatara, chirongwa chakasimba chekubuda kunze, chakadai sechipatara chisingatauriki chingakurudzirwa. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kwemaawa akawanda zuva roga roga kuti vabatsire kutsigira munhu kuti awanezve kubva mukuora mwoyo.

Mishonga

Kune mishonga yakasiyana yakasiyana-siyana inogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo. Zvakawanda zvidzidzo zvakawana mishonga inonyanya kubudirira kana inoshandiswa pamwe chete nerapi. Heano mamwe makirasi emishonga inowanzoshandiswa kurapa kuora mwoyo:

• Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - yaiva pakati pevakatanga kukurudzirwa. Vanove nemigumisiro yakawanda kudarika vatsva vanodzvinyirira asi vanogona kunge vakagadzirira kune vamwe varwere. Izvi zvinosanganisira Elavil (amitriptyline), Tofranil (imipramine) uye Pamelor (nortriptyline).
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) - ndiyo imwe yakwegura yekare yekurwisa mweya. Kana uri kutora MAOI, iwe uchafanirwa kutevera zvimwe zvipimo zvekudya zvinodzivirira kugadzirisa kunogona kukonzera kukwirira kweropa. Iwe uchafanirwawo kuchenjerera nezvekubatana nemamwe mishonga. Sezvakaita tricyclics, izvi hazviwanzoshandiswa mutsara wokutanga, asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kubatsira kuti zvive zvakaoma kurapa kuora. MAOI anosanganisira Marplan (isocarboxazid), Nardil (phenelzine) uye Parnate (tranylcypromine).
• Kusarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) - ndiyo inowanzopiwa mishonga yekuodzwa mwoyo nhasi. Prozac (fluoxetine), Paxil (paroxetine), Zoloft (sertraline) Celexa (citalopram) uye Luvox (fluvoxamine) inowanzopiwa mazita emagetsi. Kuenzaniswa nedzimwe zvirwere zvinodzvinyirira, SSRIs inowanzova nemashoma emigumisiro. SSRIs haifaniri kutarisirwa pamwe chete nevakuru veMaoIs nekuda kwekukwanisa kwengozi yepamusoro ye serotonin yekuvaka, iyo inogona kukonzera serotonin syndrome .
• Serotonin uye norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) - inhengo itsva ye antidepressant inoshanda zvakafanana kune SSRIs chete inodzivirirawo reuptake ye norepinephrine pamwe neserotonin. Mishonga yakajairika iri mukirasi ndeye Effexor (venlafaxine), Cymbalta (duloxetine) uye Pristiq (deslavenfaxine).
• Norepinephrine uye dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs) - Wellbutrin (bupropion) iri mukirasi zvese pachayo. Wellbutrin haasisina mikana yekuita zvepabonde iyo yakajairika mune imwe mishonga inodzvinyirira.

Self-Help Strategies

Nzira dzokuzvibatsira nadzo yekurapa kuora mwoyo kunogona kubatsira kune mumwe munhu asingakwanisi kuwana ruzivo rwemhizha kana kune mumwe munhu ane zviratidzo zvishoma. Mazano ekuzvibatsira anogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Masangano ekutsigira - Anokubvumira kuti utaure kune vamwe vanhu vanogona kuratidzika nezvedambudziko uye zviratidzo zvauri kuona. Vanhu vazhinji vanotaura mapoka ekutsigira vanovatsigira kuti havasi ivo voga uye vanovapa nemafungiro nemhando.
• Zviripo paIndaneti - Pane mawebsite akawanda, mabhuku emashoko, uye mapurogiramu epakombiyuta anonyatsobatsira vanhu vane kuora mwoyo.
• Mabhuku ekuzvibatsira-mabhuku anogona kupa humwe hutano hwakafanana hunoti vanhu vanowana kurapwa asi inoda kuti vaverengi vazokwanisa kushandisa ruzivo rwehupenyu hwavo pachavo. Mabhuku akawanda ezvokubatsira anowanikwa pasina mahwindo kuburikidza nemakamuri ekuraibhurari.

> Sources:

> Bhuku B, Elley CR, Fishman T, Goodyear-Smith FA, Kenealy T, Blashki G et al. Anodzvinyirira nea placebo nokuda kwekuora mwoyo mukutarisira kwekutanga. Cochrane Database Database Rev 2009; (3).

> Barth JCBC, Munder T, Gerger H, et al. Kuenzanisa Kubudirira kweMapapiro manomwe eEp Psychotherapeutic for Patients with Depression: A Network Meta-Analysis. Plos . 2013; 14 (2): 229-243.