Nicotine isiri yemakemikari isina mavara inowanzosvibiswa kubva kumuchero wefodya, uri mumhuri yeguru rezvirimwa. Nicotine inowanikwawo mune zviduku mumatori, mbatata, ruvara rwepepuru, eggplant uye coca mbeu.
Yakawanda inowanzozivikanwa sechidimbu chekudhakwa mune zvekutengesa fodya, nicotine inowanzofungidzirwa zvisina kururama kuti ikemikari isina njodzi.
Apo kutsvakurudza kuri kupfuurira pamusoro peicicin uye kuti inobata sei muviri wemunhu, huwandu hwechokwadi pamusoro pengozi dzeikicine dziripo nhasi, zvimwe zvingakushamisa iwe.
Iko Nicotine Inobata Sei Kemikari Yemuviri
- Kana yakanyungudutswa, nicotine inofamba ichienda kuuropi nokukurumidza (mukati memasekondi 7 kusvikira ku10) uye inonamatira kune zvinogamuchirwa apo inonzi neurotransmitter acetylcholine yaiwanzoita. Izvi zvinotanga uketani hwemakemikari anogadzirisa anokonzera mabasa akawanda emumuviri.
- Vakawanda vanoputa vanoziva nemanzwiro emwoyo wepambiso uye / kana kufema zvisina kufanira pavanosvuta. Adrenaline , iyo 'kurwa kana kutiza' hormone inokonzera izvi. Apo nicotine inosvika muuropi, adrenaline inosunungurwa, kuwedzera kwemwoyo, kurwisa kweropa, nekudzivirira ropa kuderera kusvika pamwoyo.
- Adrenaline inoudzawo muviri kuti uwedzere glucose yakawandisa muropa. Panguva imwecheteyo, nicotine inodzivisa kusunungurwa kwe insulini kubva pancreas, iyo inobvisa shuga yakawedzerwa kubva muropa. Mhedzisiro ndeyokuti vanosvuta vanowanzova mune hutachiona hwehutachiwana, zvinoreva kuti vane shuga mune rimwe ropa ravo kupfuura zvinowanzoitika. Hushyi yepamusoro yeropa inoderedza nzara, uye izvi ndizvo zvinokonzera kudya-zvinoderedza zvinokonzera nicotine.
- Dopamine imwe yeurotransmitter inoshandiswa apo nicotine inosvika muuropi. Dopamine inokonzera manzwiro euphoria uye inofungidzirwa kuti inotora chikamu chakakosha mukudhakwa.
- Nicotine inokurudzira , asi zvichienderana nehupfumi hwepfungwa uye yehuviri, inogona kuonekwa seinosimudzira kana yekuzorora.
Nicotine Inouraya
- Nicotine inopisa zvikuru. Kungova 30 - 60 mg yeicotine (donsi yeicicine yakachena mumvura yakasviba) chirwere chinouraya chiyero chevanhu vakuru. Izvozvo zvakati, mishonga yefodya haidyi nicotine yakakwana yekukonzera kuuraya kunotyisa kana iko kushandiswa sezvinorayirwa. Semuenzaniso, fodya inowanzogadzirwa inenge inenge 10 mg yeicotine, asi yakawanda yacho inokwira mumusi, ine inenge imwe milligram yeikotini inoputirwa nemunhu anoputa.
- Nicotine inogona kuuraya vana mumayero maduku sema milligiramu gumi.
- Zvirimwa zvinounza nicotine kuzvidzivirira pachavo kubva kune zvikara, uye vanhu vanoshandisa nicotine muzvipembenene zvine chikonzero chimwe chete.
- Nicotine inogona kupindira kuburikidza neganda, iyo ndiyo nzira yekuendesa nayo nicotine patch. Kuparara kwemidzanga yefodya nicotine solution (inozivikanwa e-juice) inogona kuva nengozi nekuda kwechikonzero ichi.
- Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti nicotin inutsi yakasvibirira inogona kubudiswa kuburikidza neganda rakashama iro rinoratidzika kune utsi. Inogonawo kuvharirwa mukati meganda kubva pane zvipfeko zvakasvibiswa nicotine.
Ngozi dzeNikotine Kuratidzwa Kwevana uye Mwana Asati Azvarwa
- Nicotine iripo mune zvakasara zvasara neutsi hwefodya mumhepo yakavharwa, inozivikanwawo seutsi hwechitatu-ruoko . Izvi zvinopa dambudziko kuvana vaduku vanogona kunwisa nicotine pamatayini nemaoko mashoma anowana nzira yavo kumuromo wemwana.
- Vana vaduku vari pangozi yeicicinine chepfu inobva kucheka pamidzanga yakazara / fodya, kana michina yeNRT yakadai seicicinine gum kana nicotine. Ndapota fungai zvinhu izvi kunze kwekusvika kwevana!
- Nicotine inogona kuderedza kukwanisa kwehuta kuti iome maza ne 75%. Nicotine docks ne nzvimbo dzinogamuchirwa pamusero wemasere uye dzinopesana nekubudirira kwevarume vane utsi hwakanyanya.
- Nicotine inokonzera mitsipa yeropa kuti iite. Madzimai vane pamuviri, izvi zvinoshandura kumhepo shomanana uye mishonga inopiwa kumucheche.
- Nicotine inonyorera nyore nyore muchero wepakati uye inogona kuonekwa mune zvose kushambadzira kwe fetal uye amniotic fluid. Panguva ino, hazvizivikanwi kuti nicotine yakawanda in vitro yaizonzi inouraya kumucheche.
- Nicotine inounganidza mukaka wemvere, inopfuurirwa kuvana vanoyamwisa, uye inoita seyakakanganisa kurara kwavo.
Iko Nicotine Inogona Kukuvadza Utano Hwako
- Tsvakurudzo yakafumura kubatana pakati peikicine uye vascular smooth muscle cell damage , zvichiita pakuumbwa kwemarata anotungamirira kuchirwere chemwoyo.
- Nicotine inononoka kushandiswa kwemasero anobudisa bone anonzi osteoblasts. Izvi zvinowedzera kuporesa kana mapfupa aputsika.
- Nicotine inhibits apoptosis, nzira inobvisa masero asingadiwi mumuviri (programmed cell cell death). Sezvo mamwe masero anongororwa ne apoptosis ari kuchinja-chinja kunogona kuva kenza mune ramangwana, kudzivisa basa rinokosha kunogona kuita kuti zvirwere zvinopisa upenyu.
- Kusvuta ndekuzivikanwa kwengozi yehutachiona hwehutachiona . Nicotine uye carbon monoxide mumusvuta wefodya zvinoita kuti musana wepinini utadze masero kubva pakunwa kwezvinhu zvinokosha muropa, izvo zvinotungamirira kukurumidza kubuda nemvura uye kuora kwemagunha.
Nicotine ndeimwe yezvinonyanya kutyisa zvepfuu dzose uye inodhaka zvikuru.
Iko kukanganisa kufunga kuti kushandisa nicotine mune chimiro chisingasanganisi fodya hachikuvadzi. Miti yakadai sefodya isina tsvina uye fodya yemidziyo inogona kuonekwa seisingakuvadzi kana ichienzaniswa nekusvuta fodya, asi inotakurawo hutano hwakawanda zvakare. Uye usakanganwa, nepo nicotine inodhaka ishingaira, avo vanoputa-fodya vari pangozi yakanyanya yekusvuta kusvuta zvakare .
Usatora zvishoma pane zvaunofanirwa. Kudzoka kubva kuicotine kunodhaka kunotora rimwe basa, asi rinotambudza uye rinogutsa.
Upenyu huchishanda zviri nani pane imwe nhanho kana tikasununguka kubva pachedu-kutongerwa kutapira mutirongo kunoita kuti tiite.
Sources:
Purogiramu Yenyika Yose Pamusoro Chekuchengetedza Kemikari Nicotine.
Monell Chemical Senses Center. Nicotine muMukaka Mushonga Inoparadza Vana Vechidiki Kurara. Svondo 4, 2007.
National Institute on Drug Abuse. Mashoko Okushandisa Zvinodhaka: Cigaretti uye zvimwe Zvimwe Mufodya. Yakavandudzwa muna May 2016.
National Institutes of Health. Migumisiro yeNikotini Panguva Yokudzivirira: Uchapupu hwevanhu uye Uongorori. Svondo 5, 2007.
Wiley Online Library. Mienzaniso yeDermal Uptake yeNikotini Zvakananga kubva kumhepo uye zvipfeko. Gunyana 29, 2016.