Mifananidzo yeZvizivikanwe Nezvesayenzi

by Kendra Cherry

Nyanzvi dzinozivikanwa dzeMapfungwa uye Mafungiro Akave Akawedzera kune Psychology

1 - Alfred Adler

1870-1937 Alfred Adler - Mutevedzeri wemunhu mumwechete Psychology. Yakagadzirwa shoko rokuti "kuderera kwakakomba.". Public domain image

Mifananidzo iyi inosanganisira vamwe vezvepfungwa dzepfungwa dzakakurumbira pamwe nevamwe vanofunga zvikuru vanoita zvipo zvakakosha pakupfungwa kwepfungwa.

Alfred Adler aiva chiremba weAustria uye pakutanga aishanda pamwe chete nemukurumbira weAustria psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. Adler akazobviswa mumutambo wepakati waFrud, asi akaenderera mberi kuti awane yake pacheche yemafungiro anozivikanwa seAvidual Psychology. Iye angangodaro anozivikanwa zvikuru nekuda kwekufunga kwake kwehutsika hwakaoma. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehupenyu hwake nemafungiro ari munhoroondo iyi yeAlfred Adler

2 - Alfred Binet

1857-1911 Alfred Binet aiva chiremba wepfungwa wechiFrance anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekukura kwake kwekutanga kushandiswa kweunyanzvi hwekuchenjera. Public domain image

Alfred Binet aiva chiremba wepfungwa wechiFrench uyo akatumirwa nehurumende yeFrance kuti aite chigadzirwa chekuongorora kuziva vana vaida rubatsiro rwakanyanya kuchikoro. Basa raBinet rakatungamirira mukusikwa kweBinet-Simon Intelligence muedzo. Uyu muedzo unoramba uri chikonzero chezviedzo zvizhinji zvemazuva ano zvekuchenjera. Dzidza zvakawanda nezvehupenyu hwake nebasa iri iri biography yaAlfred Binet .

3 - Erik Erikson

1902-1994 Erik Erikson inonyatsozivikanwa nheyo yekusimudzirwa kwepfungwa yepfungwa yakabatsira kusimbisa kufarira uye kukurudzira tsvakurudzo pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwevanhu kuburikidza nehupenyu hwose. Wikimedia Commons

Erik Erikson akatanga nheyo yemasere masere ekufambira mberi kwevanhu akatarisa kuti vanhu vanochinja sei nekukura pamusoro pemakore ose eupenyu. Erikson anozivikanwawo nemafungiro ake ekuzivikanwa kwematambudziko. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti zviitiko zvehupenyu hwake zvakabatsira sei kupikisa zvinyorwa zvake munhoroondo iyi yeErik Erikson .

4 - Sigmund Freud

1856-1939 Sigmund Freud ndiye aiva nheyo ye psychoanalysis. Anowanzoonekwa somumwe wevanonyanya kuzivikanwa mukufunga kwepfungwa, asiwo chimwe chezvinhu zvinopesana zvikuru. Public domain image

Sigmund Freud angangodaro ari mumwe wevanhu vanozivikanwa zvikuru munhau, asi iyewo ndeyewo unonyanya kukakavara. Akanga ari muvambi wechikoro chepfungwa chinonzi psychoanalysis. Iye anozivikanwawo nemafungiro ake nezvepfungwa dzisina chizivo uyewo nheyo yake yepakati yekugadzirisa pfungwa dzepfungwa. Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehupenyu hwake, mafungiro, uye simba pamusoro pepfungwa dzepfungwa mune iyi Sigmund Freud biography .

5 - G. Stanley Hall

1844-1924 G. Stanley Hall akatanga nheyo yekutanga yekuAmerica kuJohn Hopkins University uye akazovawo purezidhendi weAmerican Psychological Association (APA) muna 1892

G. Stanley Hall akatanga nheyo yekutanga yeAmerica paJohn Hopkins University uye akazovawo purezidhendi wekutanga weAmerican Psychological Association (APA) muna 1892. Dzidza zvakawanda nezvehupenyu hwake uye kushanda mune iyi nhoroondo yeG. Stanley Hall .

6 - Karen Horney

1885-1952 Karen Horney akanga ari munhu anozivikanwa mupfungwa dzepfungwa dzakanyanya kuzivikanwa nemafungiro ake eurourosis, vakadzi vezvepfungwa, uye uye zvepfungwa. Public domain image

Karen Horney aive akakurumbira mupfungwa dzepfungwa dzakanyanya kuzivikanwa nemafungiro ake eurourosis, feminine psychology, uye self-psychology. Kunyange zvazvo Horney aiva neo-Freudian, iyewo akapikisa vazhinji vezvidzidzo zveSigmund Freud pamusoro pepfungwa dzevakadzi. Semuenzaniso, Horney akaratidza kuti Freud anotaura kuti vakadzi vanoona "nhengo dzepenzi" nekuratidza kuti varume vanonzwa "chibereko chegodo" nokuti havagone kubereka vana. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehupenyu hwake, basa rake, uye nhaurirwo mune ino biography yaKaren Horney.

7 - William James

1842-1910 Pfungwa yepfungwa uye nyanzvi William Bibi inowanzozivikanwa sababa veAmerican psychology. Public domain image

Wiliam James anozivikanwa semumwe wevakagadziri veAmerica psychology uye munyori webhuku rekutanga remitemo rinonzi Principles of Psychology. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehupenyu hwake hwepakutanga uye simba pamusoro pemafungiro epfungwa mune iyi William James biography .

8 - Carl Jung

1875-1961 Carl Jung aiva Swiss psychiatrist uyo akasika chikoro chepfungwa chinonzi analytical psychology. Public domain image

Carl Jung akanga ari Swiss psychiatrist akayeuka nokuda kweruzivo rwake rwekubatana kwevanhu vasingazivi. Kunyange zvazvo pakutanga akanga ari hurumende yaFrud, akazopedzisira aparadzana kubva kumudzidzisi wake kuti aite zvaanoda, izvo zvaakatumidza seAlextical psychology. Dzidza zvakawanda mune iyi biography yaCarl Jung.

9 - Abraham Maslow

1908-1970 Abraham Maslow akagadzira chikoro chepfungwa inozivikanwa sehupenyu hwevanhu. Wikimedia Commons

Abraham Maslow akanga ari muongorori wepfungwa weAmerica uyo anowanzotumidzwa saiye akatanga nheyo dzevanhu . Iye angave akazivikanwa zvikuru nekuda kwehutano hwake hwakakurumbira wezvido uye kusimbisa kwake pane pfungwa yekuzvipira-kugadzirisa .

10 - Kurt Lewin

1890-1947 Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Kurt Lewin anowanzotumidzwa sababa vemazuva ano social psychology. Mazano ake ekupayona akataura kuti maitiro anokonzerwa neunhu hwehupenyu hwega uye nzvimbo. Public domain image

Kurt Lewin anowanzotumidzwa sevamwe vemazuva ano social psychology. Iye anozivikanwa nokuda kwezvidzidzo zvake pamapoka emagetsi, masayendisiti emumunda, uye kudzidza mune zvidzidzo. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro paKurt Lewin mune iyi pfupi yenyaya yehupenyu hwake nebasa rake.

11 - Hugo Munsterberg

1863-1916 Hugo Munsterberg aiva gwepistori weGermany uyo anozivikanwa nemipiro yake yekushandiswa kwepfungwa. Pasinei nechokwadi chokuti basa rake richiri nemasimba kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepfungwa dzemazuva ano, nhaka yake yakanyanya kukanganikwa kwemakore mazhinji. Public domain image

Hugo Munsterberg akanga ari piyona mundima yekushandiswa kwepfungwa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzehuwandu-sangano nehutano hwepfungwa. Dzidza pamusoro pehupenyu hwake hwepakutanga, basa uye zvipo zvakakura mumunda wepfungwa dzepfungwa mumashoko mashoma ehupenyu hwake: Biography yaHugo Munsterberg .

12 - Ivan Pavlov

1849-1936 Ivan Pavlov akanga ari muzivi weRussia, uyo akatsvakurudza nezvekugadzirisa mafungiro akakonzera kukura kwehutano hwepfungwa mune zvepfungwa. Kunyange zvazvo kwete technically muongorori wepfungwa, kuwanikwa kwake kwechikoro chechimiro kunomuita mumwe wemapiyona makuru kwazvo epfungwa. Public domain image

Ivan Pavlov akanga ari muzivi weRussia, asi akazova nekusingaperi achipinda nemunda wepfungwa yepamusoro nekuda kwekuwanikwa kwechikoro chechigadziriro. Basa raPavlov raive nemasimba makuru kune vamwe vaifunga, kusanganisira John B. Watson uye vakatamba basa rinokosha mukukudziridza hutsika: Biography yeIvan Pavlov

13 - Jean Piaget

1896-1980 Jean Piaget (akamira kurudyi) akanga ari chiremba wepfungwa akazivikanwa zvikuru pamusana pechidzidzo chake chepakati chekugadzirisa pfungwa. Akanga ari mumwe wevangariro vekutanga kuratidza kuti vana vanofunga zvakasiyana kune vanhu vakuru, pfungwa yaifungidzirwa kuchinja panguva iyoyo. Foundation Jean Piaget

Jean Piaget akanga ari chiremba wepfungwa dzekuSwitzerland anoyeukwa zvakanakisisa nekuda kwechirongwa chake chakakurumbira chekugadzirisa njere. Dzidza pamusoro pehupenyu hwake hwepakutanga uye nekuvandudzwa kweshoko rake guru mune zvinyorwa izvi zveupenyu hwake nebasa: Biography yaJean Piaget

14 - Carl Rogers

1902-1987 Carl Rogers akanga ari nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu anonyanya kuzivikanwa nenzira yake yekusagadzirisa nzira yekurapa inozivikanwa sevashandi-inonzi therapy. Public domain image

Carl Rogers akanga ari nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu akasika nzira yakakosha yepfungwa inonzi psychotherapy inozivikanwa sevarwere-centered therapy. Mune rumwe rutivi rwevanyori vezvepfungwa dzepamusoro dzezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, Rogers akaverengwa pane nhamba nhanhatu. Dzidza zvakawanda nezvehupenyu hwake uye pfungwa dzake: Carl Rogers Biography

15 - BF Skinner

1904-1990 BF Skinner aive akazvidzivirira pakuzivikanwa pamusoro pekutsvakurudza kwake kushanda uye kusagadzikana kusina kunaka. Wikimedia Commons

Tsvakurudzo yeBF Skinner pamusoro pemafungiro anoshanda (anozivikanwawo sekugadzirisa mafungiro) akaita kuti ave mumwe wevatungamiri vehutsika, asi pfungwa dzake uye tsvakurudzo zvakaitawo kuti ave chinangwa chepikisano. Dzidza zvakawanda mune iyi biography yeBF Skinner .

16 - Wilhelm Wundt

1832-1920 Wilhelm Wundt akatanga chirongwa chekutanga chepfungwa uye akabatsira kusimbisa pfungwa dzepfungwa sechinhu chakaparadzaniswa nefilosofi uye mafikirwo. Public domain image

Wilhelm Wundt anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekugadzira dambudziko rekutanga repfungwa dzekuLeipzig, Germany. Iye anowanzorumbidzwa nekugadzira chikoro chechirongwa chekufunga, kunyange zvazvo chaive chaizvo mudzidzi wake Edward Titchener uyo akaita saizvozvo. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehupenyu hwaWundt mune iyi pfupi biography .