Chirwere Chekunyanya Kunetseka (GAD)

Chirongwa cheGeneralized Anxiety Disorder

Matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo ndeyekirasi rezvirwere zvepfungwa dzinozvisiyanisa nedzimwe dambudziko rine zvinhu zviviri zvinokosha: kutya uye kuzvidya mwoyo. Kutya mhemberero inowanikwa mukupindurwa nekusvika kwekutya (chaiye kana kufungidzirwa). Kuzvidya mwoyo, kune rumwe rutivi, kune hurombo hwehupenyu hunoonekwa mukufungidzira kwezvinoitika mune ramangwana.

• Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekutya nekunetseka .

Chirwere chinokonzera kushungurudzika (GAD) -kuda kwezita racho-inyaya chaiyo yehutano hwekuzvidya mwoyo.

Chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kuzivikanwa cheGAD chinoramba chiripo, kunyanya, uye kushungurudzika.

Zviratidzo nezviratidzo

Kuzadzisa maitiro ekugadzirisa kweGAD, kunyanya kuzvidya mwoyo uye kunetseka kunofanira kuvapo kwezuva rimwe mazuva akawanda kupfuura kwete kwemwedzi mitanhatu.

Zvinonyanya kukosha kunetseka zvinosanganisira:

• kunetseka kunyange kana pasina chakaipa
• kunetseka pamusoro pekuona kunotyisidzira nenzira isina kufanira kune ngozi chaiyo
• kushungurudzika pamusoro pechinhu chimwe chekuwanda kwemaawa ako ekumuka

• Kuzvidya Mwoyo Kunokonzerwa Nevana

• Nei vakadzikadzi vari pangozi yakakwirira yeGeneralized Anxiety Disorder

• kukumbira vamwe kuti vatsigire pamusoro pekuda kwako, asi kuramba uchizvidya mwoyo
• kunetseka kuti shift kubva pane imwe nyaya kuenda kune imwe

Zvinotambudza zvinogona kuratidzika zvakasiyana nevakuru kuvana , asi mumatambudziko acho maviri anowanzova pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu kana zvinonetsa (semuenzaniso, nyaya dzehutano, nyaya dzemari, kutanga chikoro chitsva kana basa).

Kune vanhu vane GAD, kushungurudza kwakaoma zvikuru kutonga uye kunobatanidza nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvepanyama kana kuziva:

• kusagadzikana kana edginess
• kuneta
• kusagadzikana (dzimwe nguva nematambudziko ekurangarira )
• kutsamwa (dzimwe nguva kunoonekwa kune vamwe)

• kushungurudzika kwemisungo kana kuora mwoyo
• kukanganisa kurara

Vanhu vazhinji vane GAD vanoonawo mamwe maitiro asinganzwisisiki ekufunganya kwenguva refu, kusanganisira kutuka, kurwadziwa kwepamuviri, kana kusuruvara kwemusoro . Vana nevechiri kuyaruka vane GAD vanogona kuwana zvishoma zviratidzo zvepanyama kana kuziva kune vanhu vakuru.

Kuziva

GAD inogona kuva yakaoma kurondedzera zvakakwana nokuti kuzvidya mwoyo inofungidzira iyo munhu wese anowanzosangana nenguva nenguva mukupindura kunetseka kwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kutaura zvazviri, kuzvidya mwoyo kunogona kubatsira chaizvo nenzira dzakasiyana siyana -kuenzanisira, kutitungamirira nechishuvo chekuti zvinhu zviitike kana kuti kupindura kutyisidzira chaiyo kune chekuchengetedza kwedu kana zvikaitika.

Kuongororwa kweGAD kunowanikwa, zvisinei, apo kushungurudzika kunovhara chikumbaridzo chekudarika uye kunogara ikoko kwenguva yakareba. Kuzvidya mwoyo, kunetseka, kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma zvikuru kune mumwe munhu kuzadzisa mabasa zuva rega rega. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuoma muhukama hwehukama kana matambudziko kushanda kana kuchikoro.

GAD inowanzoongororwa nenyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa kana chiremba.

Munguva yekuongorora, chiremba achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako uye angashandisa kutonga kliniki kana matanho akaenzaniswa ekuongorora kuti aongorore. Iwe unogona kukumbirwa kuti uende kana kupa zvinyorwa kubva kuchitarisiko chemuviri nechiremba kuti uone kuti zviratidzo zvepanyama uye zvekuziva hazvirevi kune mamwe matambudziko ezvoutano.

Sechikamu chekuongorora kwakakwana, chiremba wako achabvunza mibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pezviratidzo kana maitiro anokwanisa kana asingashandisi kwauri. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mibvunzo pamusoro pemafungiro ako, tsika yekudya, kushandisa kwezvinhu, kana nhoroondo yekutambudzika. Mhinduro dzako dzichabatsira mushandi wehutano wehutano kuti atonge kunze kweimwe dambudziko rezvepfungwa kana kusarudza kuti zviratidzo zvako zviri nani zvakatsanangurwa nehutano hwakasiyana. Kutaura pachena nemupi wako kunokosha - ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa uye yakananga yekusvika pane chirongwa chakakodzera chekurapa uye kuwana zororo kubva pazviratidzo zvako.

Ndiani Anowana GAD?

Vakadzi vanenge kaviri vanokwanisa kuwedzera GAD muupenyu hwavo sevarume. Kunyange zvazvo muvhareji wemakore ekutanga ari makore makumi matatu nemasere, mushure mekunge mamwe matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo, GAD inogona kuitika chero ipi zvayo muhupenyu hwehupenyu.

GAD ndechimwe chezvinetso zvitatu zvakajairika zvepfungwa zvevaduku (pamwe chete nekuparadzanisa kuzvidya mwoyo uye kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga). Matambudziko okutanga anokonzerwa nekuzvidya mwoyo anogona kuisa vana nevechidiki pangozi yakawanda yehumwe humwe humwe hutano hwepfungwa pahukuru. Zvisinei, kuongorora kwokutanga uye kupindira kunogona kukonzera kuve nekukosha kana kukanganiswa kwakakwana kwezviratidzo uye kunogona kudzivirira pakurwisana kweimwe matambudziko gare gare muupenyu.

Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezviratidzo uye zviratidzo zveGAD kuvana nevechiri kuyaruka uye kuti sei chirwere chinotarisirwa kune vechidiki .

GAD ihwowo ndiyo inowanzokonzera kushungurudzika kwevanhu vakuru. Gwaro idzva reGAD muvanhu vakwegura vakuru rinowanzobatana nekubatana-kuitika kuora mwoyo. Muchikamu chezera iri, GAD yakave yakagara ichinyatsoongororwa uye ichidzivirirwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda . Zvisinei, sezvo munda wegeriatric psychiatry uchikura, ndizvo zvinotsvakurudza pamusoro peGAD kune vakwegura vakuru uye kurapwa kwayo (kusanganisira nzira dzokukunda nadzo zvipingamupinyi zvinowanzoita kutarisira utano hwepfungwa).

• Kune zvakawanda pamusoro pehuwandu hwehuwandu hweGAD, ona izvi zvine chokuita nepositi .

• Nzira Yekusiya Magical Thinking mu Generalized Anxiety Disorder

• Kudzidza Kubatsira Kusabatsira Kunogona Kuita Zvinhu Sezvisingakwanisi

Chii Chinokonzera GAD?

Kufanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda zvepfungwa, GAD inofungidzirwa kuti ibude mumamiriro ezvinhu ezvimwe zvipenyu uye zvakatipoteredza .

Chimwe chinhu chikuru chechiiyo chinonzi genetic ngozi . Inofungidzirwa kuti chetatu chematambudziko ekuwana GAD chimiro, asi zvizvarwa zvinogona kuwirirana nemamwe matambudziko uye matambudziko epfungwa (zvikurukuru kuora mwoyo ).

Chimiro chimwe chinhu chinobatanidzwa neGAD. Chimiro chinoreva unhu hunhu hunowanzoonekwa seine innate (uye naizvozvo hungave hupenyu hwehupenyu). Mafungiro anozivikanwa anozivikanwa kuti akabatanidzwa neGAD anosanganisira kukuvadza kunzvenga, neuroticism (kana tsika yekuve mune mafungiro asina kunaka), uye maitiro ekudzivisa.

Hapana zviitiko zvakasikwa zvakasikwa zvakaratidzwa sezviri pachena kana zvakakosha kuti zviite GAD. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinowanikwa neGAD zvinosanganisira (asi hazvirevi kune):

• kucherechedza kunogara kunetseka nemhuri
• vabereki vasingazivikanwi
• kuenzanisira kwekutarisana nekunetseka mupfungwa
• kutsvaga kune unhu husina kuchengeteka (kusanganisira kuora mwoyo)
• nguva dzekushungurudzika kwenguva refu

Zvakare, hapana chimwe chikonzero-zvipenyu kana zvakatipoteredza-zvinonzwisiswa kuti zvinokonzera GAD. Pane kudaro, chirwere chacho chinofungidzirwa chinobva kune "dutu rakakwana rezvinokonzera kushushikana kwezvinhu zvinowanzoitika kune munhu ane ruzivo rwemararamiro ekutambudzika.

Course of Illness

Vanhu vane GAD vachawanzozvitsanangura pachavo sevanonzwa vachizvidya mwoyo kana pamucheto kwehupenyu hwavo hwose. Izwi rezviratidzo rinoratidzika kusinganzwisisiki kusvika kumakore emakore. Zvisinei, zvinyorwa zvekushungurudzika zvinowanzochinja kuhupenyu hwose. Vechidiki vanogona kunyanya kunetseka pamusoro pekuchikoro nekushanda, asi vanhu vakwegura vanotarisa zvakawanda nezvehutano hwepanyama, mari, uye hukama hwemhuri.

Kune avo vanosangana nechikumbaridzo chechimiro chekuongorora, zviratidzo zvinowanzova zvisingaperi, asi kunamatira uye kuputika-pakati pemafuta akazara-uye pasi-chibvumirano chechirwere-kumativi ose eupenyu. Kunyange zvazvo kuregererwa kwemari kwakaderera pasi rose, zviratidzo zveGAD zvinozivikanwa kuti zvigadziridzwe zvikuru kana zvichibatwa nehana yepfungwa kana mishonga . Kurapa kunogona kupa zvishandiso zvinodiwa kubatsira vanhu vane GAD kubudirira kuburikidza nenguva inotevera yekudzvinyirira kukuru uye kuchinja.

Co-Occurring Conditions

Hazvishamisi kune vanhu vane GAD kuti vawane zvinetso zveimwe chirwere chepfungwa chepfungwa munguva yeupenyu hwavo. Kana kushungurudzika kwakawanda kuchiitika panguva imwechete iyo inonzi maitiro anowanikwa. Chirwere chinowanzoitika-chinokonzera kuora mwoyo . Zvisinei, chikamu chikuru chevanhu vanorwisana ne-co-GAD uye zvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo.

• Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekusiyanisa pakati peGAD uye kuora mwoyo , kushungurudzika kwevanhu mune zvepabonde , uye kuora mwoyo -kusagadzikana kwepfungwa .

Kurapa

Kurapa kweGAD kazhinji kunowira kune chimwe chezvikamu zvitatu: mishonga , psychotherapy , uye kuzvibatsira . Zvinangwa zvekurapa chero kupi zvako ndezvekubatsira vanhu vane chirwere kuti vachinzwe zviri nani mumuviri nepfungwa, nekuita kuti zvive nyore kunyatsobatana muhukama, kubasa kana kuchikoro, kana mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu izvo kushushikana kwaimboita kwakangoita kuparara. Chirwere chekurapa chiri kupfuurira uye chinokurudzira, kunyanya maererano nekubatsira kwemaitiro akaita se yoga uye pfungwa . Nokuti kuzvidya mwoyo chikamu chechiitiko chevanhu uye kurapwa kweGAD kunoita sekunopa zvikwereti zvakanyanya pamabasa ese zuva rimwe nerimwe, kunyange vanhu vane uwandu hwemashoko ezasi vanogona kubatsirwa nekurapa.

• Verenga pamusoro pehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehutano hweGAD .

Kana Wave Uchangobva Kuongororwa neGAD

Kuwana kuongororwa kweGAD-kana chero dambudziko repfungwa-inhanho inokosha yekuona kunzwa zviri nani nokuti kuongororwa kunoshandiswa kutungamirira mazano ekurapa. Ita pamwe nekushingaira mukukurukurirana nekuongororwa kwechiremba kuti unzwisise maitiro ako ekurapa uye uongorore nzvimbo yakanakisisa yokutanga.

Kana uri kufunga nezvechirwere chepachirwere semutachiona wekutanga, dzidzisa nezvehutano hunotungamirirwa nehutano hwakadai sekufunga kwehutano hwehutano uye kubvuma uye kuzvipira kurapa uye pamusoro pezvaunogona (uye hazvikwanise) kutarisira kubva pane zvakataurwa nehutano mushonga .

Kana iwe uchida muedzo wemishonga yekurapa zviratidzo zvako zveGAD, taura nemurairo wako kuti usarudze pamusoro pezvaungasarudza. Iye achakubatsira kuti uongorore zvinokonzera ngozi uye kubatsira kwekutora mishonga mutsva mukuedza kwehutano hwako hwehutano uye hwepfungwa.

• Verenga pano kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvekutora mishonga yepfungwa yakachengeteka .

Kana Mudiwa Wako Akaita GAD

Kurarama nemumwe munhu anogara nekuzvidya mwoyo kune matambudziko aro, asi pane nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzaunogona kubatsira kusanganisira kudzidza pamusoro pechinetso, kuodza mwoyo kudzivisa, kurerutsa maitiro ekutsvaka kugutsikana, nekusimbisa kubudirira kukuru uye duku. Kana uine mwana ane hanya kana wechidiki, ongorora zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekubatsira vechidiki neGAD .

Iko pachako, zvechokwadi, kuva nemiganhu kune nzira dzaungagona kubatsira nadzo mudiwa wako neGAD. Iyi ndiyo iyo inonyanya kukosha kune waunoda kushandisa mashandisirwo emishonga (kureva, vanachiremba) anowanikwa kwavari. Kana mudiwa wako achida kutsvaga kurapwa kwekuzvidya mwoyo, kana kuti usingazivi kuoma kwematambudziko, tsvaga nguva yakanyarara kuti uve nekutaura kusina mhosva pamusoro pekuti kurapwa kunogona kuva nzira yekuzvinzwa zviri nani, nekukurumidza .

• Verenga pane dzimwe nzira dzekukurukurirana kuti uedze.

Shoko Rinobva

Dambudziko reGAD nderokuti kuzvidya mwoyo kunowanzoitika (uye kunowanzobatsira) manzwiro, saka zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuziva apo kushungurudzika kwayambuka mutsetse "kune zvakawanda." Zvisinei, kana kushungurudzika kuchiramba, kusingadzorwiki, uye kubatana ne zviratidzo zvepanyama zvekuzvidya mwoyo, zvakakosha kutsvaka kubvunzurudza nemudzidzisi wehutano hwepfungwa kuti aone kuti ndechipi, uye kudzidza nzira itsva dzekutarisana nezvinokonzera zvese zvakakura.

> Sources:

> American Psychiatric Association. Kuongororwa uye nhamba yehuwandu hwehutano hwepfungwa (Fifth edition). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.

> Craske MG, Barlow, DH. Masters Wekuzvidya Mwoyo Nebhuku Rokunyunyuta (2 ^nd Edition). MuDH Barlow (Mup.) Mishonga Inoshanda . New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.

> Kahl KG, Winter L, Schweiger U. Nzira yechitatu yekufungisisa maitiro ekurapa: chii chiri chitsva uye chii chinoshanda? Curr. Opin. Psychiatry. 2012; 25, 522-528.

> Mackenzie CS, Reynolds K, Cho, KL, Pagura J, Sareen, J. Kuwandisa uye kuwirirana kwechirwere chepfungwa chinowanzoitika munharaunda yevanhu vakuru vakwegura. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2011; 19: 305-315.

> Mohatt J, Bennett SM, Walkup JT. (2014). Kurapa kwekuparadzana, huwandu, uye kushungurudzika kwevanhu munzanga mune vechidiki. Am J Psychiatry, 171: 741-748.